Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists Using MINITAB, R and JMP

Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists Using MINITAB, R and JMP
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Introduces basic concepts in probability and statistics to data science students, as well as engineers and scientists Aimed at undergraduate/graduate-level engineering and natural science students, this timely, fully updated edition of a popular book on statistics and probability shows how real-world problems can be solved using statistical concepts. It removes Excel exhibits and replaces them with R software throughout, and updates both MINITAB and JMP software instructions and content. A new chapter discussing data mining—including big data, classification, machine learning, and visualization—is featured. Another new chapter covers cluster analysis methodologies in hierarchical, nonhierarchical, and model based clustering. The book also offers a chapter on Response Surfaces that previously appeared on the book’s companion website. Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists using MINITAB, R and JMP, Second Edition is broken into two parts. Part I covers topics such as: describing data graphically and numerically, elements of probability, discrete and continuous random variables and their probability distributions, distribution functions of random variables, sampling distributions, estimation of population parameters and hypothesis testing. Part II covers: elements of reliability theory, data mining, cluster analysis, analysis of categorical data, nonparametric tests, simple and multiple linear regression analysis, analysis of variance, factorial designs, response surfaces, and statistical quality control (SQC) including phase I and phase II control charts. The appendices contain statistical tables and charts and answers to selected problems. Features two new chapters—one on Data Mining and another on Cluster Analysis Now contains R exhibits including code, graphical display, and some results MINITAB and JMP have been updated to their latest versions Emphasizes the p-value approach and includes related practical interpretations Offers a more applied statistical focus, and features modified examples to better exhibit statistical concepts Supplemented with an Instructor's-only solutions manual on a book’s companion website  Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists using MINITAB, R and JMP is an excellent text for graduate level data science students, and engineers and scientists. It is also an ideal introduction to applied statistics and probability for undergraduate students in engineering and the natural sciences.

Оглавление

Bhisham C. Gupta. Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists Using MINITAB, R and JMP

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Illustrations

Guide

Pages

Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists Using Minitab, R and JMP

Copyright

Preface. AUDIENCE

MOTIVATION

HISTORY

APPROACH

WHAT IS NEW IN THIS EDITION

HALLMARK FEATURES. Software Integration

Breadth of Coverage

STUDENT RESOURCES

INSTRUCTOR RESOURCES

Acknowledgments

About The Companion Site

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Designed Experiment

1.1.1 Motivation for the Study

1.1.2 Investigation

1.1.3 Changing Criteria

1.1.4 A Summary of the Various Phases of the Investigation. Phase a

Phase b

Phase c

Phase d

Phase e

1.2 A Survey

1.3 An Observational Study

1.4 A Set of Historical Data

1.5 A Brief Description of What is Covered in this Book

Chapter 2 Describing Data Graphically and Numerically

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

2.1 Getting Started with Statistics. 2.1.1 What Is Statistics?

2.1.2 Population and Sample in a Statistical Study

Definition 2.1.1

Definition 2.1.2

Definition 2.1.3

Definition 2.1.4

Definition 2.1.5

Definition 2.1.6

Definition 2.1.7

2.2 Classification of Various Types of Data

2.2.1 Nominal Data

2.2.2 Ordinal Data

2.2.3 Interval Data

2.2.4 Ratio Data

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 2.1 AND 2.2

2.3 Frequency Distribution Tables for Qualitative and Quantitative Data

2.3.1 Qualitative Data

Solution: MINITAB

2.3.2 Quantitative Data

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 2.3

2.4 Graphical Description of Qualitative and Quantitative Data. 2.4.1 Dot Plot

2.4.2 Pie Chart

2.4.3 Bar Chart

2.4.4 Histograms

Definition 2.4.1

MINITAB

2.4.5 Line Graph

2.4.6 Stem‐and‐Leaf Plot

Definition 2.4.2

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 2.4

2.5 Numerical Measures of Quantitative Data

Definition 2.5.1

Definition 2.5.2

2.5.1 Measures of Centrality

Mean

Median

Solution:

Solution:

Weighted Mean

Mode

Definition 2.5.3

Definition 2.5.4

Definition 2.5.5

2.5.2 Measures of Dispersion

Range

Variance

Standard Deviation

Empirical Rule

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 2.5

2.6 Numerical Measures of Grouped Data

Definition 2.6.1

2.6.1 Mean of a Grouped Data

2.6.2 Median of a Grouped Data

2.6.3 Mode of a Grouped Data

2.6.4 Variance of a Grouped Data

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 2.6

2.7 Measures of Relative Position

2.7.1 Percentiles

2.7.2 Quartiles

2.7.3 Interquartile Range (IQR)

2.7.4 Coefficient of Variation

MINITAB

2.8 Box‐Whisker Plot

2.8.1 Construction of a Box Plot

2.8.2 How to Use the Box Plot. About the Outliers

About the Shape of the Distribution

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 2.7 AND 2.8

2.9 Measures of Association

MINITAB:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 2.9

2.10 Case Studies

2.10.1 About St. Luke's Hospital

2.11 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Notes

Chapter 3 Elements of Probability

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Random Experiments, Sample Spaces, and Events. 3.2.1 Random Experiments and Sample Spaces

3.2.2 Events

3.3 Concepts of Probability

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 3.2 AND 3.3

3.4 Techniques of Counting Sample Points

3.4.1 Tree Diagram

3.4.2 Permutations

3.4.3 Combinations

3.4.4 Arrangements of n Objects Involving Several Kinds of Objects

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 3.4

3.5 Conditional Probability

3.6 Bayes's Theorem

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 3.5 AND 3.6

3.7 Introducing Random Variables

Review Practice Problems

Chapter 4 Discrete Random Variables and Some Important Discrete Probability Distributions

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

4.1 Graphical Descriptions of Discrete Distributions

4.2 Mean and Variance of a Discrete Random Variable. 4.2.1 Expected Value of Discrete Random Variables and Their Functions

Proof

4.2.2 The Moment‐Generating Function‐Expected Value of a Special Function of

PRACTICE PROBLEM FOR SECTIONS 4.1 AND 4.2

4.3 The Discrete Uniform Distribution

4.4 The Hypergeometric Distribution

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 4.3 AND 4.4

4.5 The Bernoulli Distribution

4.6 The Binomial Distribution

MINITAB

Proof

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 4.5 AND 4.6

4.7 The Multinomial Distribution

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 4.7

4.8 The Poisson Distribution. 4.8.1 Definition and Properties of the Poisson Distribution

4.8.2 Poisson Process

4.8.3 Poisson Distribution as a Limiting Form of the Binomial

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 4.8

4.9 The Negative Binomial Distribution

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 4.9

4.10 Some Derivations and Proofs (Optional)

4.11 A Case Study

4.12 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 5 Continuous Random Variables and Some Important Continuous Probability Distributions

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

5.1 Continuous Random Variables

5.2 Mean and Variance of Continuous Random Variables. 5.2.1 Expected Value of Continuous Random Variables and Their Functions

Certain Properties of an Expected Value and Variance of a Random Variable

5.2.2 The Moment‐Generating Function and Expected Value of a Special Function of X

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 5.1 AND 5.2

5.3 Chebyshev's Inequality

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 5.3

5.4 The Uniform Distribution. 5.4.1 Definition and Properties

MINITAB

5.4.2 Mean and Standard Deviation of the Uniform Distribution

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 5.4

5.5 The Normal Distribution. 5.5.1 Definition and Properties

5.5.2 The Standard Normal Distribution

MINITAB

5.5.3 The Moment‐Generating Function of the Normal Distribution

Theorem 5.5.1

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 5.5

5.6 Distribution of Linear Combination of Independent Normal Variables

Theorem 5.6.1

Theorem 5.6.2

Theorem 5.6.3

Theorem 5.6.4

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 5.6

5.7 Approximation of the Binomial and Poisson Distributions by the Normal Distribution. 5.7.1 Approximation of the Binomial Distribution by the Normal Distribution

5.7.2 Approximation of the Poisson Distribution by the Normal Distribution

5.8 A Test of Normality

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 5.7 AND 5.8

5.9 Probability Models Commonly used in Reliability Theory

5.9.1 The Lognormal Distribution. Definition 5.9.1

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 5.9.1

5.9.2 The Exponential Distribution

Definition 5.9.2

Distribution Function of the Exponential Distribution

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 5.9.2

5.9.3 The Gamma Distribution

Definition 5.9.3

MINITAB

5.9.4 The Weibull Distribution

Definition 5.9.4

Mean and Variance of the Weibull Distribution

MINITAB

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 5.9.3 AND 5.9.4

5.10 A Case Study

5.11 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 6 Distribution of Functions of Random Variables

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Distribution Functions of Two Random Variables

6.2.1 Case of Two Discrete Random Variables

6.2.2 Case of Two Continuous Random Variables

6.2.3 The Mean Value and Variance of Functions of Two Random Variables

Proof

6.2.4 Conditional Distributions

6.2.5 Correlation between Two Random Variables

Solution:

6.2.6 Bivariate Normal Distribution

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 6.2

6.3 Extension to Several Random Variables

6.4 The Moment‐Generating Function Revisited

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 6.3 AND 6.4

Review Practice Problems

Chapter 7 Sampling Distributions

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

7.1 Random Sampling

7.1.1 Random Sampling from an Infinite Population

7.1.2 Random Sampling from a Finite Population

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 7.1

7.2 The Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean

7.2.1 Normal Sampled Population

7.2.2 Nonnormal Sampled Population

7.2.3 The Central Limit Theorem

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 7.2

7.3 Sampling from a Normal Population

7.3.1 The Chi‐Square Distribution

Definition 7.3.1

Definition 7.3.2

7.3.2 The Student ‐Distribution

Definition 7.3.3

7.3.3 Snedecor's ‐Distribution

Definition 7.3.4

7.4 Order Statistics

7.4.1 Distribution of the Largest Element in a Sample

7.4.2 Distribution of the Smallest Element in a Sample

7.4.3 Distribution of the Median of a Sample and of the kth Order Statistic

7.4.4 Other Uses of Order Statistics. The Range as an Estimate of in Normal Samples

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 7.4

7.5 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Chapter 8 Estimation of Population Parameters

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Point Estimators for the Population Mean and Variance

8.2.1 Properties of Point Estimators

Definition 8.2.1

Definition 8.2.2

Definition 8.2.3

Definition 8.2.4

8.2.2 Methods of Finding Point Estimators

Method of Moments

Method of Maximum Likelihood

Definition 8.2.5

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 8.2

8.3 Interval Estimators for the Mean of a Normal Population. 8.3.1 Known

Definition 8.3.1

Theorem 8.3.1

8.3.2 Unknown

Theorem 8.3.2

8.3.3 Sample Size Is Large

One‐Sided Confidence Interval

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 8.3

8.4 Interval Estimators for The Difference of Means of Two Normal Populations. 8.4.1 Variances Are Known

Theorem 8.4.1

8.4.2 Variances Are Unknown

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 8.4

8.5 Interval Estimators for the Variance of a Normal Population

Theorem 8.5.1

8.6 Interval Estimator for the Ratio of Variances of Two Normal Populations

Theorem 8.6.1

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 8.5 AND 8.6

8.7 Point and Interval Estimators for the Parameters of Binomial Populations. 8.7.1 One Binomial Population

8.7.2 Two Binomial Populations

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 8.7

8.8 Determination of Sample Size

8.8.1 One Population Mean

8.8.2 Difference of Two Population Means

8.8.3 One Population Proportion

8.8.4 Difference of Two Population Proportions

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 8.8

8.9 Some Supplemental Information

8.10 A Case Study

8.11 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 9 Hypothesis Testing

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Basic Concepts of Testing a Statistical Hypothesis. 9.2.1 Hypothesis Formulation

9.2.2 Risk Assessment

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.2

9.3 Tests Concerning the Mean of a Normal Population Having Known Variance. 9.3.1 Case of a One‐Tail (Left‐Sided) Test

Definition 9.3.1

9.3.2 Case of a One‐Tail (Right‐Sided) Test

9.3.3 Case of a Two‐Tail Test

Solution:

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.3

9.4 Tests Concerning the Mean of a Normal Population Having Unknown Variance

9.4.1 Case of a Left‐Tail Test

Solution:

9.4.2 Case of a Right‐Tail Test

9.4.3 The Two‐Tail Case

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.4

9.5 Large Sample Theory

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.5

9.6 Tests Concerning the Difference of Means of Two Populations Having Distributions with Known Variances. 9.6.1 The Left‐Tail Test

9.6.2 The Right‐Tail Test

Solution:

9.6.3 The Two‐Tail Test

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.6

9.7 Tests Concerning the Difference of Means of Two Populations Having Normal Distributions with Unknown Variances

9.7.1 Two Population Variances are Equal

The Left‐Tail Test

The Right‐Tail Test

The Two‐Tail Test

Solution:

9.7.2 Two Population Variances are Unequal

Solution:

9.7.3 The Paired ‐Test

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.7

9.8 Testing Population Proportions

9.8.1 Test Concerning One Population Proportion

Solution:

9.8.2 Test Concerning the Difference Between Two Population Proportions

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.8

9.9 Tests Concerning the Variance of a Normal Population

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.9

9.10 Tests Concerning the Ratio of Variances of Two Normal Populations

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 9.10

9.11 Testing of Statistical Hypotheses using Confidence Intervals

Solution:

Solution:

9.12 Sequential Tests of Hypotheses. 9.12.1 A One‐Tail Sequential Testing Procedure

Solution:

9.12.2 A Two‐Tail Sequential Testing Procedure

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 9.11 AND 9.12

9.13 Case Studies

9.14 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Chapter 10 Elements of Reliability Theory

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

10.1 The Reliability Function

10.1.1 The Hazard Rate Function

Solution:

Solution:

10.1.2 Employing the Hazard Function

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 10.1

10.2 Estimation: Exponential Distribution

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 10.2

10.3 Hypothesis Testing: Exponential Distribution

Solution:

10.4 Estimation: Weibull Distribution

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 10.3 AND 10.4

10.5 Case Studies

10.6 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Notes

Chapter 11 On Data Mining

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

11.1 Introduction

11.2 What is Data Mining?

11.2.1 Big Data

11.3 Data Reduction

11.4 Data Visualization

Solution:

11.5 Data Preparation

11.5.1 Missing Data

11.5.2 Outlier Detection and Remedial Measures

Solution:

11.6 Classification

11.6.1 Evaluating a Classification Model

11.7 Decision Trees

11.7.1 Classification and Regression Trees (CART)

Classification Trees

Definition Definition 11.7.1

Regression Trees

11.7.2 Further Reading

11.8 Case Studies

11.9 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Notes

Chapter 12 Cluster Analysis

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Similarity Measures

12.2.1 Common Similarity Coefficients

Solution:

12.3 Hierarchical Clustering Methods

12.3.1 Single Linkage

Solution

MINITAB

12.3.2 Complete Linkage

12.3.3 Average Linkage

Solution:

MINITAB

12.3.4 Ward's Hierarchical Clustering

Solution:

12.4 Nonhierarchical Clustering Methods

12.4.1 ‐Means Method

Solution:

MINITAB

12.5 Density‐Based Clustering

12.6 Model‐Based Clustering

12.7 A Case Study

12.8 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Notes

Chapter 13 Analysis of Categorical Data

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

13.1 Introduction

13.2 The Chi‐Square Goodness‐of‐Fit Test

Solution:

Solution:

Solution:

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 13.2

13.3 Contingency Tables

13.3.1 The Case with Known Parameters

Theorem 13.3.1

Solution:

13.3.2 The Case with Unknown Parameters

Solution:

13.3.3 The Contingency Table

Theorem 13.3.2

Solution:

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 13.3

13.4 Chi‐Square Test for Homogeneity

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 13.4

13.5 Comments on the Distribution of the Lack‐of‐Fit Statistics

13.6 Case Studies

Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 14 Nonparametric Tests

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

14.1 Introduction

14.2 The Sign Test

14.2.1 One‐Sample Test

Solution:

14.2.2 The Wilcoxon Signed‐Rank Test

Solution:

14.2.3 Two‐Sample Test

Solution:

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 14.2

14.3 Mann–Whitney (Wilcoxon) Test for Two Samples

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 14.3

14.4 Runs Test

14.4.1 Runs above and below the Median

Solution:

14.4.2 The Wald–Wolfowitz Run Test

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 14.4

14.5 Spearman Rank Correlation

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 14.5

14.6 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Chapter 15 Simple Linear Regression Analysis

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Fitting the Simple Linear Regression Model

15.2.1 Simple Linear Regression Model

15.2.2 Fitting a Straight Line by Least Squares

Solution:

15.2.3 Sampling Distribution of the Estimators of Regression Coefficients

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 15.2

15.3 Unbiased Estimator of σ2

Solution:

15.4 Further Inferences Concerning Regression Coefficients (, ),, and. 15.4.1 Confidence Interval for with Confidence Coefficient

Solution:

15.4.2 Confidence Interval for with Confidence Coefficient

Solution:

15.4.3 Confidence Interval for with Confidence Coefficient (1 )

Solution:

15.4.4 Prediction Interval for a Future Observation Y with Confidence Coefficient ()

Solution:

15.5 Tests of Hypotheses for and

15.5.1 Test of Hypotheses for

15.5.2 Test of Hypotheses for

Solution:

Solution:

Solution:

15.6 Analysis of Variance Approach to Simple Linear Regression Analysis

Solution:

Solution: MINITAB

15.7 Residual Analysis

Solution:

15.8 Transformations

Definition 15.8.1

Solution:

15.9 Inference About ρ

15.10 A Case Study

15.11 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 16 Multiple Linear Regression Analysis

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Multiple Linear Regression Models

Solution:

16.3 Estimation of Regression Coefficients

Solution:

16.3.1 Estimation of Regression Coefficients Using Matrix Notation

Solution:

16.3.2 Properties of the Least‐Squares Estimators

16.3.3 The Analysis of Variance Table

16.3.4 More Inferences about Regression Coefficients

Test and Confidence Interval for an Individual Regression Parameter ,

Tests and Confidence Intervals for Subsets of ) Regression Coefficients

Solution:

Tests for Subsets of () Regression Parameters Using Matrix Notation

Confidence Interval for an Expected Response at with Confidence Coefficient

Prediction Interval for a Future Response at with Confidence Coefficient

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 16.3

16.4 Multiple Linear Regression Model Using Quantitative and Qualitative Predictor Variables

16.4.1 Single Qualitative Variable with Two Categories

16.4.2 Single Qualitative Variable with Three or More Categories

Solution:

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 16.4

16.5 Standardized Regression Coefficients

16.5.1 Multicollinearity

16.5.2 Consequences of Multicollinearity

16.6 Building Regression Type Prediction Models

16.6.1 First Variable to Enter into the Model

Solution:

16.7 Residual Analysis and Certain Criteria for Model Selection. 16.7.1 Residual Analysis

16.7.2 Certain Criteria for Model Selection

Coefficient of Multiple Determination—R

Adjusted Coefficient of Multiple Determination—

Mallows' Statistic

PRESS Statistic

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTIONS 16.6 AND 16.7

16.8 Logistic Regression

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 16.8

16.9 Case Studies

16.10 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Notes

Chapter 17 Analysis of Variance

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

17.1 Introduction

17.2 The Design Models

17.2.1 Estimable Parameters

17.2.2 Estimable Functions

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 17.2

17.3 One‐Way Experimental Layouts. 17.3.1 The Model and Its Analysis

17.3.2 Confidence Intervals for Treatment Means

Solution:

Solution:

17.3.3 Multiple Comparisons

Definition 17.3.1

Definition 17.3.2

Definition 17.3.3

Definition 17.3.4

Definition 17.3.5

Solution:

17.3.4 Determination of Sample Size

17.3.5 The Kruskal–Wallis Test for One‐Way Layouts (Nonparametric Method)

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 17.3

17.4 Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Designs

Solution:

17.4.1 The Friedman ‐Test for Randomized Complete Block Design (Nonparametric Method)

Solution:

17.4.2 Experiments with One Missing Observation in an RCB‐Design Experiment

17.4.3 Experiments with Several Missing Observations in an RCB‐Design Experiment

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 17.4

17.5 Two‐Way Experimental Layouts

17.5.1 Two‐Way Experimental Layouts with One Observation per Cell

17.5.2 Two‐Way Experimental Layouts with Observations per Cell

Solution:

Solution:

Solution:

17.5.3 Blocking in Two‐Way Experimental Layouts

17.5.4 Extending Two‐Way Experimental Designs to ‐Way Experimental Layouts

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 17.5

17.6 Latin Square Designs

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 17.6

17.7 Random‐Effects and Mixed‐Effects Models. 17.7.1 Random‐Effects Model

17.7.2 Mixed‐Effects Model

17.7.3 Nested (Hierarchical) Designs

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 17.7

17.8 A Case Study

17.9 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 18 The 2k Factorial Designs

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

18.1 Introduction

18.2 The Factorial Designs

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 18.2

18.3 The 2 Factorial Designs

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 18.3

18.4 Unreplicated 2 Factorial Designs

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 18.4

18.5 Blocking in the 2 Factorial Design

18.5.1 Confounding in the Factorial Design

Solution:

Solution:

18.5.2 Yates's Algorithm for the Factorial Designs

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 18.5

18.6 The 2k Fractional Factorial Designs

18.6.1 One‐half Replicate of a Factorial Design

Solution:

18.6.2 One‐quarter Replicate of a Factorial Design

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 18.6

18.7 Case Studies

18.8 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Notes

Chapter 19 Response Surfaces

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

19.1 Introduction

19.1.1 Basic Concepts of Response Surface Methodology

19.2 First‐Order Designs

MINITAB

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEM FOR SECTION 19.2

19.3 Second‐Order Designs

19.3.1 Central Composite Designs (CCDs)

Definition 19.3.1

Solution:

19.3.2 Some Other First‐Order and Second‐Order Designs

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEM FOR SECTION 19.3

19.4 Determination of Optimum or Near‐Optimum Point

19.4.1 The Method of Steepest Ascent

19.4.2 Analysis of a Fitted Second‐Order Response Surface

Solution:

PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR SECTION 19.4

19.5 Anova Table for a Second‐Order Model

19.6 Case Studies

19.7 Using JMP

Review Practice Problems

Note

Chapter 20 Statistical Quality Control—Phase I Control Charts

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

Chapter 21 Statistical Quality Control—Phase II Control Charts

Topics Covered

Learning Outcomes

Appendices

Note

A. Statistical Tables

B Answers to Selected Problems. CHAPTER 2. Sections 2.1 and 2.2

Section 2.3

Section 2.4

Section 2.5

Section 2.6

Sections 2.7 and 2.8

Section 2.9

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 3. Sections 3.2 and 3.3

Section 3.4

Sections 3.5 and 3.6

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 4. Sections 4.1 and 4.2

Sections 4.3 and 4.4

Sections 4.5 and 4.6

Section 4.7

Section 4.8

Section 4.9

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 5. Sections 5.1 and 5.2

Section 5.3

Section 5.4

Section 5.5

Section 5.6

Sections 5.7 and 5.8

Section 5.9.1

Section 5.9.2

Sections 5.9.3 and 5.9.4

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 6. Section 6.2

Sections 6.3 and 6.4

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 7. Section 7.1

Section 7.2

Section 7.3

Section 7.4

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 8. Section 8.2

Section 8.3

Section 8.4

Sections 8.5 and 8.6

Section 8.7

Section 8.8

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 9. Section 9.2

Section 9.3

Section 9.4

Section 9.5

Section 9.6

Section 9.7

Section 9.8

Section 9.9

Section 9.10

Sections 9.11 and 9.12

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 10. Section 10.1

Section 10.2

Sections 10.3 and 10.4

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 11. Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 12. Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 13. Section 13.2

Section 13.3

Section 13.4

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 14. Section 14.2

Section 14.3

Section 14.4

Section 14.5

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 15. Section 15.2

Sections 15.3 and 15.4

Section 15.5

Section 15.6

Section 15.7

Section 15.8

Section 15.9

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 16. Section 16.3

Section 16.4

Sections 16.6 and 16.7

Section 16.8

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 17. Section 17.2

Section 17.3

Section 17.4

Section 17.5

Section 17.6

Section 17.7

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 18. Section 18.2

Section 18.3

Section 18.4

Section 18.5

Section 18.6

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 19. Section 19.2

Section 19.3

Section 19.4

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 20. Section 20.3 and 20.4

Section 20.5

Section 20.6

Section 20.7

Review Practice Problems

CHAPTER 21. Section 21.2

Section 21.3

Section 21.4

Section 21.5

Review Practice Problems

C Bibliography

Index

WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT

Отрывок из книги

Second Edition

Bhisham C. Gupta

.....

Find the median alignment pin length.

Example 2.5.4 (Sales data) For the case of even (i.e., ), the following data describe the sales (in thousands of dollars) for 16 randomly selected sales personnel distributed throughout the United States:

.....

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Комментарий Поле, отмеченное звёздочкой  — обязательно к заполнению

Отзывы и комментарии читателей

Нет рецензий. Будьте первым, кто напишет рецензию на книгу Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists Using MINITAB, R and JMP
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