Читать книгу Statistics and Probability with Applications for Engineers and Scientists Using MINITAB, R and JMP - Bhisham C. Gupta, Irwin Guttman - Страница 118

1 Consider a sample space S. Let A and B be any two events in S. Write the expressions in terms of unions, interactions, and complements for the following events:At least one of the events A or B occurs.Both events A and B occur.Neither A nor B occurs.Exactly one of the events A or B occurs.At most one of the events A or B occurs.

2 Draw a Venn diagram for each event described in Problem 1 above.

3 Describe the sample space for each of the following experiments:Three coins are tossed.One die is rolled and a coin is tossed.Two dice are rolled.A family has three children of different ages, and we are interested in recording the gender of these children such that the oldest child is recorded first.One die is rolled and two coins are tossed.

4 Two regular dice are rolled simultaneously. If the numbers showing up are different, what is the probability of getting a total of 10 points?

5 Three students are randomly selected from a freshmen engineering class, and it is observed whether they are majoring in chemical, mechanical, or electrical engineering. Describe the sample space for this experiment. What is the probability that at most one of the three students is an EE major?

6 A box contains a shipment of computer chips, of which four are defective. Four chips are randomly selected and examined as to whether or not the chips are defective. Describe the sample space for this experiment. What is the probability thatExactly one of the four chips is defective?All four chips are defective?Two chips are defective?

7 Given a sample space and four events and in S that are defined as , , , and , describe the following events:(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) , (e) , and (f)

8 Given a sample space and two events A and B in S defined as and , describe the following events:(a) , (b) , (c) (d)

9 Suppose that a person is taken to an ER and that is the event that he is diagnosed with liver cancer, is the event that he will need a liver transplant, and is the event that the hospital will find a matching liver on time. The Venn diagram representing these events and various other regions is shown below. Describe in words the events represented by the following regions:(a) , (b) , (c) (d)

10 In a random experiment four “lock nuts” are selected and each nut is classified either as defective (D) or nondefective (N). Write the sample space for this random experiment.

11 Five women are selected randomly, and their mammograms are examined. Each mammogram is classified as indicating that the woman has breast cancer (C) or does not have breast cancer (N). Write the sample space for this random experiment.

12 The time a biology major takes to dissect a frog is recorded to the nearest minute. Describe the sample space for this random experiment.

13 Three coins are tossed. Describe the following events:At least two heads occur.At most one head occurs.Exactly two heads occur.No head occurs.Find the probability for the occurrence of each event.

14 Two dice are rolled and the sum of the points that appear on the uppermost faces of the two dice is noted. Write all possible outcomes such that:The sum is seven.The sum is five or less.The sum is even or nine.Find the probability for the occurrence of each event you described in parts (a) through (c).