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In the above discussion, several times we made a mention of extreme values. At some point we may wish to know what values in a data set are extreme values, also known as outliers. An important tool called the box‐whisker plot or simply box plot, and invented by J. Tukey, helps us answer this question. Figure 2.8.1 illustrates the construction of a box plot for any data set.

Figure 2.8.1 Box‐whisker plot.