Читать книгу An Interesting Life, So Far - Bruce King - Страница 5

I twice heard Mary McCarthy tell of an Italian family she knew that progressed in three generations from immigrants, through Mafia, to proud parents of professionals including a university professor in the Humanities. Although the stages were not identical (we belonged to no Mafia, but a distant relative was said to have worked for them as an accountant and ran off with a million to France; he was a wanted man), and it took two rather than three generations, our family story is similar, a passage from impoverished Jewish immigrants to university professor, with the earning of money and the rise in social position on the way. I would not have seen it that way until I started to write this chapter. It is the kind of story that Saul Bellow and Philip Roth wrote novels about earlier when I was too engrossed in my own life to read them.

I hardly knew my father who died of a blood clot after a long illness when I was twelve. Before then he and my mother worked day and evening in the pharmacy and after closing we would sometimes drive to a White Castle for oniony hamburgers which we would sit in the car and eat. Other meals often were prepared by the cleaning lady; my mother worked in the pharmacy downstairs. My parents were very different from each other. My father was a short unattractive man who wore his dark brown hair in an Adolph Hitler lick in front. His old fashioned neckties, although patterned appeared brown to me as did his shoes and eyes. He followed the horse races (which he listened to on the radio and on which he bet and early taught me to bet), liked to play poker with fellow Jewish pharmacists, and I am told was a good dancer when young. He wanted to be a medical doctor but chose pharmacy since the course at Temple University in Philadelphia was shorter and less expensive. He also wanted to be a writer and sent some stories to journals that specialized in detective and crime tales. He mailed copies to himself to prove authorship, but no one ever wanted them.

One of my memories of him was his making up stories that he told me when I was very young. I also learned from him to get a second medical opinion and not to bring food into a men’s room. As an old fashioned pharmacist he concocted medicines from varying ingredients when doctors wrote a prescription. He had cures for such problems as the phlegm brought on by winter colds and sinus infections that felt as if they were going to choke me, concoctions I wish I could get from pharmacists today as I suffer from chronic sinusitis and spend parts of every year complaining about my doctors who futility prescribe antibiotics in an attempt, I suppose, to create the ultimate superbug. I did find one of the medicines that my father would give me and was told that it was now banned as dangerous.

People say my father was a gentle and good man, but my lasting memory is of him kicking me repeatedly after I had fallen and tried to protect myself on the floor after some argument. The quarrel had something to do with my waiting on customers at our soda fountain in the front of the pharmacy. I did not make up the being kicked which remains in my mind, but I may have made up the cause as I was always under pressure by older teenagers to give them larger servings of ice-cream, not charge them for cokes or cigarettes. If you are a ten-year-old, one of the few Jews in a small town, and feel an outsider you are easily intimated by those in their late teens threatening to beat you up and seeming to jeer at you. I was not toughened by the experience, I was becoming afraid. I hated being told to serve at the soda fountain and many decades later I remain uncomfortable when asking people to pay their debts.

My father was born off Staten Island on a ship of Russian Jewish refugees. I do not know his original family name and assume that an immigration official renamed the family “King”. I would sometimes overhear him telling my mother about pogroms in Russia or strange burial customs in Eastern Europe, but he would have heard about them from his parents. He was born in America. Similar to many Americans I have little information about my father’s past except that he sometimes spoke of violent fights between various ethnic groups when he was growing up. There was a synagogue in Gloucester where Jews from outlying towns sometimes came together. I remember nothing about it except that one year my father read in Hebrew from sacred scripture, a privilege for which he had to pay. I seem to remember there was a competition, even bidding, for the right, although I may have imagined it. My mother was then proud of him. He must have learned Hebrew as a child; I had no Hebrew or other religious instruction in my youth and did not wish for any. I would be puzzled by people saying that they had gone to this or that church and only felt I had missed out when I saw that they had learned to read music to sing in the choir, a skill I lacked and never really learned, despite my increasing interest in music as I grew older.

One year my father bought our first car, a small, undistinguished Plymouth. That summer we took a trip to New York and Rhode Island. We stopped outside a building on the lower east side of Manhattan that had some association with my father’s youth. (Perhaps a decade later I sometimes saw a Barnard girl who lived in the same Jewish immigrant area and whose brother graduated from Harvard and Harvard Law School at an impressively young age. They seemed an exotic foreign branch of what could have been my family tree. ) We also visited Coney Island where I burnt a hole in my trousers on a dangerous slide. During one summer we sought a motel in northern New Jersey that did not have any sign saying “No Niggers or Jews Allowed”. Instead we stayed at a hotel in the New York borsch belt. There were kayaks, which I had not heard of previously, games such as shuffleboard, and I got lost, wandered around the paths for seeming hours and was afraid of being eaten by a bear; I sat on a bee and was warned that I could die if I sat on another. I only over-came that fear after having been stung by a wasp; I survived easily although with pain.

Most of those years exist as free-floating fragments in my memory. I am puzzled by how we had gasoline for our car to take vacations during the war; I can recall a family trip to Atlantic City when the train was packed with soldiers. I cannot understand why my father allowed notorious anti-Semitic literature to be sold on the shelves of the magazine rack in the drugstore, or what I thought I was doing collecting (was it?) aluminum foil or searching with a flash light the sky at night for enemy airplanes. Those years make no sense to me now. Did I really belong to a group of school children trying to do something for the war effort? I remember my parents objecting to paying its dues; they felt that those who worked in the local shipyard were earning more than them and often expressed resentment about this. We might not have been very middle class but we were middle class professionals and they were working class, although they had more liquid in more than one sense. They were heavy drinkers, often drunk at nights in the local bars, while my father occasionally had a quiet whiskey among friends. My mother did not drink. I was stunned when Irish neighbors, whose children I sometimes joined in games, told us that anti-British they were pro-German. Were they really Irish or did we just term them that because of their family origin? I also cannot make any sense of some national radio program in which I was honored for supporting the armed forces and was quoted as saying when I grew up I wanted to attend West Point. What could this have been about, my Victory Garden, some attempt to sell war bonds by school children? That must have been the height of my patriotism, perhaps explainable by Army and Navy then having the best national football teams, even better than Notre Dame. When the war in Europe ended I took a bus to Philadelphia and joined the celebrating crowds and watched women kissing solders. A few years later, perhaps when I was 14 rather than 12 years old, I was already an alienated intellectual who felt that real life was among the prostitutes, alcoholics, and artists of Paris. I had somehow got my hands on books by Henry Miller.

My father’s family consisted of bright intellectuals who at the social events I was made to attend discussed Zionism, the Bund, Israel, and varieties of Marxism while eating what seemed to me strange smelly foreign foods, and drinking tea from samovars. I would now consider such a family a privilege, but I was an American boy, living in a small provincial town, and I wanted nothing to do with such alien exoticism, which in my mind somehow seemed dirty, Jewish. I could not help, however, but be impressed by an uncle—I think I was partly named after him—who taught at one of the better schools in Philadelphia and who was said to have written an MA thesis of such length that he was told he would be granted a doctorate if he enrolled at Temple University (where my father’s family went as it was public and far less expensive than the University of Pennsylvania) a further year, which he refused as having no need for a doctorate to teach History in school and as it, a common theme, would cost too much.

There appeared even more exotic creatures I was to learn about on that side of the family. When my father was alive we visited Cape Cod one summer and I recall going into a large netted enclosure on the ocean in which fish had been trapped after the tide retreated. I was afraid of a small squid or baby ray that I thought was a poisonous stingray. My aunt’s husband was a card carrying Communist, who after she died, moved to California to raise chickens, one of many Zionist socialists who thought that God would redeem Jews who returned to the land in California. He next thought Guatemala could be a socialist paradise but his new wife refused to go. He later moved to Israel where he once more failed as a chicken farmer. It is easy to mock him but he had progressed during his life from a non-English speaking immigrant from Poland who began during the 1930s as a peddler in Cape Cod carrying what he could on his back.

Over the years members of that side of the family would turn up and for a time be part of my life. There was Dorothy who worked as an administrator at the WMCA and as a translator of foreign movies in New York. Was she the one who much younger played saxophone boringly at one of those to me seeming interminable family gatherings? She had a rebellious brother who rejected his mother’s married name, returned to being a King, left for California, then as exotic for me as Timbuktu, to become a radio disc Jockey and who I was told became later big in the recording industry.

Another cousin would have an even more erratic academic career than my own. Unable to afford studying medical school at Tufts, she had gone to France hoping to enter a Swiss medical school, but returned to USA and while teaching in the New York school system was taking graduate courses in English literature at New York University when we met. We remained occasionally in contact as she moved through various university teaching, administrative, and even presidential positions from New York, to New Jersey, Indiana, Ohio, and back to New York. Each step up the academic and administrative ladder seemed to make her more dissatisfied with life and those with whom she worked. She was the one who eventually inherited the property next to the Kennedy’s at Hyannis Port and which she found was mortgaged and had to sell to pay her father’s debts. About once every two or three years we still exchange an email message to tell each other that we are still alive. She complains, I brag, a regular hee-haw. She helped me through some of the intricacies of family genealogy although like me she remains uncertain who begat whom and did what.

My father had a brother who also became a pharmacist, and owned a small drug store in Philadelphia He, his wife, and two daughters lived in an apartment behind it. Sometime in my later teens, when I had a car, I began visiting when I discovered that the elder of the daughters, Mimi, had a strong interest in literature and knew about the so-called New Critics who were then the champions and explicators of modern literature and its cultural bye ways including the attractions of Roman Catholicism in contrast to the Marxism that had attracted the previous generation.

Mimi had attended Michigan University where she studied with Austin Warren famous for collaborating with Rene Wellek on Theory of Literature and as author of a book on the poet Richard Crashaw and the Baroque sensibility. She also studied at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, one of centers at that time of the New Critics. She and her friends, who taught at such places as Swarthmore and Beaver colleges, had evenings with rosé wine, gouda cheese and crackers, and talked about books, politics and foreign films. Finishing their doctoral dissertations seemed a high hurdle, and they spoke admiringly of the then famous poet critic Peter Viereck who when told that he needed a Ph.d to gain tenure at Mount Holyoke College added footnotes to one of his already published books. To me this was a glimpse of civilization, although perhaps a bit effete.

Such impressions were misleading. Mimi had told me about stealing books at college, about having friends who were communists, and first mentioned to me Kenneth Burke and Stanley Edgar Hyman’s The Armed Vision. I think she had had lovers although she was not physically attractive. I doubt that she ever thought of herself as a literary critic in contrast to someone for whom the critical debates of the period were part of culture and she married someone who she knew would never make a name for himself as a writer, intellectual or as a teacher at a major university. It was a marriage that puzzled me but she knew what she was choosing. She was rational and self-limiting and I think my innocence and energy amused her. I also seemed to have money and had such material goods as my own new automobile, which was beyond her means. She once said I was given financial freedom so my mother could run the pharmacy and her life without looking after me.

Mimi became well-known almost by accident. Having moved to Trenton, New Jersey, where her husband was teaching at a local teacher’s college, she was casually employed by The Educational Testing Service, which thought it should have some females on its staff, an up and coming idea, and before long was in charge of its English literature tests, and then moved further up in the hierarchy of what became an influential international testing organization.

On my occasional returns to the USA after teaching abroad I would visit her, be impressed by her largish collection of pre-Columbian art, follow the progress of the daughter that she and her husband adopted and raised. The direction my life was taking also amused her. I was one of those writing about the new national literatures of the British Commonwealth; Mimi remarked that she thought I was still a scholar of Seventeenth Century British Commonwealth literature. That was better than those who asked if “Commonwealth Literature” referred to the Pennsylvania or Massachusetts Commonwealth.

I also learned that her younger sister, Claire, whom I had wrongly dismissed after her marriage to a high school physical education instructor as someone who telephoned mother about cake recipes, was actually a mathematical genius who gave advanced courses sponsored by the government to other young scientific geniuses who needed mathematical stimulation between high school and college.

Al, the father of Mimi and Claire, seemed to me quietly unambitious, but his wife, Bella, was sharp, clever, and looked down on the family that my father had married into as socially beneath her. Jews from Vienna were highly assimilated German speakers unlike the Yiddish speakers of most of Eastern Europe. My mother’s cooking, when she cooked, was to me uneatable; I would sneak out for a hamburger at a nearby diner. I enjoyed the few meals I had at Mimi’s made by her mother. Something as simple as a Greek salad, the dressing made with mint, oregano, olive oil and lemon juice was a discovery. I once used Mimi’s influence when I was a professor in New Zealand and my marriage was troubled: my daughter decided to apply to American universities for the coming year but it was late for her to apply for the tests that she needed. I telephoned Mimi and an exception was made for Nicole who soon escaped to Bryn Mawr College. I know little of Mimi’s later years. I several times telephoned and was told by her husband Milton that she was suffering from Lyme disease.

There were some very successful genes on my father’s side of the family, although my father seemed not to have inherited them. He started a pharmacy in Trenton after marrying my mother, and supposedly was cheated out of everything by his partner. He had a small pharmacy in Gloucester, New Jersey, to me the end of the world. I think that he had no competition at first; then a large chain opened a bigger drug store. I would be embarrassed when my father and mother, when going out after work, stopped to compare prices of items in the competitor’s windows.

My mother and her family were different from my father. She and her sisters and brothers were physically attractive, energetic, unbookish, not well educated. The men were athletic. I have the impression that they were impoverished and at some point they anglicized their name Goldberg to Gilbert. My mother’s father was from Manchester, England. Grey eyed, cheerful, amusing, he would walk daily across the Delaware River Bridge from Camden to Philadelphia where he sold fruit and vegetables from a pushcart. I hardly ever saw him and heard that my grandmother never forgave him for leaving her to travel around the world as a sailor for a decade. Typical of the confused family history inherited by many Americans I have heard two conflicting accounts for his leaving his wife for a decade. In one version he was one of the Wobblies, heroic, militant, Socialist radicals, and was threatened by strikebreakers that if they saw him again he would be killed. In the other version he was one of the strikebreakers whom the Wobblies threatened to kill. From what I remember of my grandmother I would have been happy for either excuse to get out of town.

She was from someplace on the German Polish border and spoke only Yiddish. She found America disagreeable; as she grew older she seldom left her old fashioned wooden house in a poorer section of Camden. When she wanted something she would telephone her daughters and threaten to throw herself down the stairs if they did not come immediately to help her. My mother was a sucker for such intimidation and took care of her mother during the final decades of my grandmother’s life, an expectation she had about herself and other mothers left on their own in old age. Her two sisters were more hardhearted. I have no idea of what my grandmother was like when younger and I so disliked her that until now the question never came up. On the basis of no actual information I assume my grandmother and grandfather, both immigrants, were brought together by some rabbi, family friend, or marriage broker. My mother spoke with her mother in broken Yiddish and would sometimes use Yiddish expressions when speaking with my father. This was part of their Jewish background of which I wanted no part. Years later when I was having difficulties learning German my mother would insist it was an easy language.

My mother was an attractive grey-eyed woman who had about six years of schooling in Camden followed by a short course in nursing. I understand that she had a crush on some other man but was made to marry my father by her mother who saw him as potentially more successful. I do not know how much of this is true or for that matter how much of anything about my parents is true as they seldom spoke in front of me about their history.

My mother must have married in her late teens and had me about six years later. I know that she felt anxiety around non-Jews and thought that she should have observed Jewish traditions. Her few friends were mostly Jews, and she seemed uncomfortable when I started dating non-Jews. She told me that at the first argument I would be called a “damn Jew”. (It has never happened.) If she ever met someone Jewish whom I was seeing she would praise her as a potential daughter-in-law, for which she had a curiously old fashioned term, someone you would “be proud to bring home”. Yet when I did marry Adele, from a very religious Methodist family, Lillian took to her immediately, unlike Adele’s family who did everything it could to break up the marriage including disinheriting Adele. Lillian justified my marriage by saying that everyone born in America was a “Christian”. Try to unpack that.

She once surprisingly claimed my father had said gentiles were for bedding not marrying. Surprising because my mother was extremely puritanical about sex, spoke of it as a disease, and the main source of my information about her came from a family friend who sarcastically said that poor Joe, my father, had to give her a fur coat to take her to bed. She had no fur coats, desired them badly, (often saying that when I grew up and became wealthy I would buy her a white mink coat).

She had a boyfriend for many years, after my father’s death, whom she hoped to marry until he married someone else. He was tall, well built, played tennis, had a trim old fashioned moustache, and a legal practice which was housed in the Camden offices of Myers Baker, the husband of my aunt Florence. He had an instant tour of Europe and returned saying Oxford and Cambridge are over-rated as the buildings were so old. I cannot believe he was satisfied romancing my mother without results although I have the impression that that is what she would have preferred. There were other men romancing her who also decided to marry elsewhere and she would indicate that despite the money spent on expensive restaurants and trips, these were just friends. She was always well dressed, lady-like, and appeared to make friends easily, but kept turning down offers of employment or marriage that would have taken her away from the world she knew. I also suspect that while she wanted to be desired by men and liked their company she felt one marriage was enough. She was probably afraid of sexual demands, but possibly also afraid of losing her freedom.

She was sensitive about her limitations and tried to hide them. Her lack of educational qualifications troubled her. During the 1960s when there was much talk about university degrees based on life experience, my mother found this perhaps the only part of that period’s liberating ideas with which she agreed. She had to employ trained pharmacists to work in the drugstore after my father’s death, and I think resented that. In a pinch she would illegally fill prescriptions on her own and was fined by the state pharmaceutical body. It was not something she ever told me about and I did not want to know, as her insecurities were troubling, embarrassing, almost insane. If she received a general mailing from the Red Cross or some other body seeking money she would fantasize that General Eisenhower or whoever signed the appeal was writing directly to her personally. Such declarations were depressing and when my mother visited Europe my friends would say “poor you”, but while I was unhappy seeing her I knew I was badly indebted to her. I had inherited her sense of order and cleanliness. I do not like chairs out of place, I cannot leave dishes in the sink overnight, I have seldom been drunk. Although I enjoy sex and feel driven by it, I have been told by women that I am puritanical. Offered a drunken fling I will back out. I am more likely to need seducing than to seduce. Even that I had become a good dancer was because in my teens she was willing to pay for me to take Arthur Murray dancing lessons and also wanted me, and later Adele, to be well dressed. I would have become a less presentable and less sociable creature without her influence.

She wanted me to study pharmacy like my father at Temple University and manage the drug store, for which after his death she had taken a bank loan and remodeled. I had no intention of taking on her or his life and wanted to get to Paris or New York as soon as I could. She paid for my four years at Columbia College, paid for my years as a doctoral student at Leeds University in England and for a time supported my marriage. Wanting to be free from her I broke the financial connection after my first university appointment. How can one speak of disliking someone who gave me an Oldsmobile when I was still in high school, who arranged a wedding party when I married Adele in St Louis (a marriage which her parents tried to prevent and then hoped to break up), and gave us financial support until I earned my doctorate and had my first job, someone who gave us money to furnish our first apartment?

Yet, in truth, I disliked her, at times hated her, as I felt she was always ignoring, or more likely was ignorant of, what I was accomplishing and was continually trying to make me come back into her small world of her Jewish friends, her neighbors, people I had gone to high school with and long forgotten, and of course family relations. Whereas others had moved on, bought apartments in Florida, divorced, remarried, travelled, Lillian stayed in the same area all her life, saw the same or similar people, and depended on a narrowing circle of family. There were her two sisters, a brother, maybe two pharmacists who were friends of my father. She would end with her younger brother’s daughter taking care of her, a destructive relationship for both.

My mother unchallenged came to believe her own fantasies. Fainting in a supermarket and becoming wheel chaired she blamed her fall on a banana skin in one version and in another version on a soapy floor. The supermarket had offered to pay for her hospital and other expenses but when sued in court had no trouble showing that she had a history of falls and conditions likely to provoke falls. She never accepted that she was wrong.

My cousin, Uncle Henry’s daughter, who took care for her never worked a day in her life, came increasing to live in her own imagined world, and rather than being saved from sex and drugs became a bitter aging adolescent who having run through her parents and my mother’s money, and having a series of automobile accidents, kept telephoning relatives asking them to fund her life. My wife, Adele, who is unusually sympathetic to the troubles of others said after a series of such telephone calls that once my cousin got through our door I would never get her out.

About that Oldsmobile. The size, make, and vintage of your car were significant for several decades and for all I know might still be in some social circles. I have since usually had friends where an unassertive smaller car is a sign of good taste, just as at present the educated and sensitive ride bicycles, a skill I never picked up when young. Not only was my mother conscious of the social status of flashy expensive cars, she had moved up to a Cadillac, and assumed that young women would be impressed if I had my own Oldsmobile, She was part of her time in her views. If you telephoned a woman you did not or hardly knew for a date, you would be asked whether you had a car, the brand, the age. It was no doubt a substitute for inquiring about other less public matters. I know that a taste for fancy automobiles continues. I have friends in New Orleans who originally came from small towns in Mississippi and who wear gold jewelry, gamble at casinos, do not read books, and are proud of their cars that they often change. We remain friends and enjoy each other’s company although outside New Orleans with its jazz clubs, restaurants, and amusing bohemian characters we would find little in common. As I sometimes have difficulty explaining to people what I do for a living I mumbled to one that I knew and had written about two Nobel laureates in literature. She looked delighted and said I was the first person she knew who had won two Nobel prizes. An Oldsmobile would not have led to such confusion. Among the ecologically minded do you demand more or less fancy bicycles of your partners?

I can see that my problems with my mother started shortly after my father died and she began to renew herself. I mentioned the bank loan that allowed her to remodel the pharmacy and placed emphasis on selling cosmetics rather than filling prescriptions. She bought a new, younger, fashionable wardrobe, dyed her long graying hair a bright blondish red that she continued to have over the decades until her death and which she insisted was her natural hair color. I immediately smelt a rat when told that I was now her young man expected to escort her to gatherings. I did not need to read Freud to feel sexually threatened. One of my confused memories of childhood was of her kissing my penis (for which she had an affectionate Yiddish term). (Another memory is of being with my mother and her two sisters in a changing room on the beach in Atlantic City where I was conscious of their uncovered breasts, no doubt the start of my wanting to be surrounded by attractive women, a characteristic that others have noticed.) There was often sexual tension. If I closed the door of my bedroom at night she wanted it left open, no doubt suspecting me of masturbation. More likely I was trying to listen to a late night radio show from New York that I followed and which allowed me to feel I was part of a larger world of singers, actors, and other stars.

I did not want to be my mother’s young man; I wanted to be left alone to my own interests including girls my own age. I was at that time discovering literature and jazz music and learning about intellectual topics and I wanted to keep as far away from my mother and her world as possible. Our tastes were opposites. If I wanted a jazz record she would claim it was “sad” and instead buy me something I hated. We rapidly grew apart except for the financial connection.

Yet it was not like this earlier. When I was learning to read and count it was she who taught me rather than my father. I remember her helping me read an illustrated children’s version of Gulliver’s Travels. How was this possible? Where did she find the book? She could not have any notion of the author Jonathan Swift. She also taught me to count. When I went to kindergarten I was upset when the teacher told the class that 900 was followed by ten hundred. I knew she was lying. It should be a thousand. This was the start of my distrust of the academy, and its attempt to reach the less able, and I was, what? Six years old? I already felt a rebel. I had told my mother that I did not believe in God when she said that God would not like something I had done. And I remember in first grade staring out the window and thinking how many more years am I expected to sit through this? Not a good start for someone who would become a university professor.

Lillian had two attractive sisters and three brothers. The sisters were achievers, the men were not. Her elder sister, Florence, was a tall blonde who somehow, I have not the least idea how, became part of the Republican Party establishment in New Jersey. She had lived the life of the jazz age during the depression, knew famous people, attended polo matches, and travelled to Paris and bought clothes there while others were selling apples on the street corners of America. Could her husband Myers somehow have opened the world to her? I doubt it as he always seemed a small figure with an obscure legal practice; I think he was in Real Estate. I see on Google that by 1936 Florence was already an alternate delegate to the Republican National Convention. She was several other times a delegate or alternate. I never discussed politics with her but thought that she was on the liberal Eastern Rockefeller wing of the Party. I cannot imagine her approving of the new moneyed trash that came into, and took over, the Party from the West and South. That was not her taste.

I admired her and her selfish self-centeredness, although she could be absurd, as when at a family party she tragically lost the label of a Parisian dress in the toilet. She lived in Pennsauken, New Jersey, just outside Merchantville, an area now a poor ghetto, then ritzy. I was impressed by the size of her house (we lived above our pharmacy), by the fishpond in the garden and by the two stone lions on the steps. She was childless and I became her favorite nephew. When I was small she gave me a Pekingese dog, Mickey, which I loved. When it was run over by a car my parents bought me another but it was no replacement and I lost interest in dogs. Although I insisted that my parents get rid of the third dog, my mother claimed throughout her life that I loved dogs.

I do not know what she did in the Republican Party but Florence would offer me tickets to the Republican party convention in Philadelphia and their meetings in Camden with people like Adolphe Menjou, an older movie star who appeared absurd in his formal tails, stiff shirt, and dead white make up. Florence claimed Menjou was a model for how to dress. For a funeral? My mother complained that her sister would enter Christian churches but then my mother would love ham sandwiches although avoiding pork chops. I gather my Aunt Florence had enemies who said she kept her good looks through face-lifts. I doubt that they were right as there was no evidence of it. She had style. She always had a new Lincoln Continental that in appearance seemed to me to belong to the 1930s, with a raised trunk in back and a spare tire on the side. When she stopped driving she kept her last one garaged for many years as a collector’s piece.

She had influence. When I graduated Columbia and was waiting to go to England I received a puzzled telephone call from Princeton University Admissions saying that a Senator had recommended me for graduate work but they could find no record of my application. In Paris my wife and myself were invited to a July 4th party at the Embassy where I remember slyly letting someone’s baby sip our champagne. Florence had a stroke, was moved into my mother’s apartment and cared for by her until a long time later she died without recovering her speech or ability to walk, which a physical therapist claimed was the result of laziness. The money she willed to me was used to pay for her expenses which were later paid for by Rose, my mother’s younger sister. The property that I admired was illegally sold for a nominal cost by my mother, who assumed power of estate, to her brother Henry’s perpetually hopeless daughter who after waiting for years for some movie or musical star to discover her unexplored talents would be company for my mother in her old age. The classic Continental, now over 25 years old and in mint condition, my mother assumed was junk and sold as such.

If Florence had seemingly effortlessly risen above her origins and joined the political WASP establishment, the youngest sister, Rose, seemed to glorify in her working class roots. She was not petite bourgeois. While the owner of a million dollar meat packing plant she would face strikes by her workers by joining them and discussing their mutual problems. Her personality was stronger than any union. A short pretty dynamic woman with reddish blonde hair and a loud crude voice she dominated her surroundings and those who surrounded her. She had left school in 9th grade, married at 16 Harry Cook, a butcher. He was said to demand sex when on the job, and if she was not immediately available there were female employees who were. He made a fortune during the Second World War by selling meat on the black market.

Despite his crudeness I liked Harry who was easy to like. There were parties at his large house in West Philadelphia, then fashionable before the Jews and most other ethnic groups fled the city, and many other cities, especially Camden, before that period’s black invasion. (The Italians in South Philadelphia were the only whites who stayed.) He gave me my first tastes of various alcoholic drinks (my mother disapproved) and I remember us cooking steaks with onions, mustard and much black pepper. He had some notion that after my father’s death I should stay with them while going to a synagogue and recite Hebrew prayers, a foolish idea that was tried and soon dropped.

Rose and Harry had two sons, a few years apart. Buddy (Herbert), the younger, was two years older than me, and although he had inherited his father’s crudeness was attached to his and my mother. Albert, the older son, seemed more relaxed, knowledgeable, sociable. He would go on to study at the University of Pennsylvania, and I could discuss history and literature with him, unlike Buddy who acted as if culture was pretentious and to be jeered at. After his father’s death in 1950 Buddy worked with Rose to expand their meat business into one of the world’s largest pork processors. Buddy was head and Rose vice-president. They became millionaires by processing pork into Ham that they sold under the Bluebird Food label. Bluebird kept acquiring other processors and became the largest of its kind in the USA. When the company went public my mother was given several thousand shares (I wonder what became of them?). After Bluebird Food was sold to others, Rose, Buddy and friends seemed stymied and tried to start a similar company, the fate of which I know little. My mother would not eat pork. Rose loved pigs and loved to be given figurines of them for her collection. Rose also enjoyed an active social life and men. She bought an apartment in Fort Lauderdale and commuted to Philadelphia where she had another apartment on Rittenhouse Square. Her friends remained Jewish—I suppose many immigrant families stayed close to their ethnic communities, my generation may have been the first to move beyond—and she remained close to my mother who spoke of Rose as her younger sister.

Rose remarried, changed her name to Rose Cook Small, and after her second husband died had other men friends, but felt it would create too many legal problems if she remarried once more. My mother would be upset by Rose living with her lover, but Rose, then one of the higher paid woman executives in the USA, winner of a Horatio Alger award in 1977 and retired in 1980, was beyond such pettiness. She enjoyed dancing and when we stayed with her in Florida she gave us the keys to the apartment and said that she and her boyfriend would be out all night at a party. There was food in the fridge but in case we wanted to go out she gave us the name of a good place to dance.

Her men were the kind who gave head waiters big tips for the best tables and seemed to display their wealth, but Rose would save coupons from newspapers for discounted foods and was always alert for bargains. She had much commonsense. After meeting and listening to Henry’s articulate but flighty daughter, Rose observed that the young woman would talk herself into and out of a job at the same interview. I enjoyed Rose’s company the few times I saw her. We would talk about the raising of pork in Poland, why Italian fennel sausages would not be commercially successful in the USA, and even detective novels that she had started to read. I had the feeling that she thought Florence, her elder sister, was a snob, and regarded herself as an example how you could rise in America from an impoverished immigrant background to success without losing yourself to other social models.

She was Democratic in her politics and life. Like many Jewish families of that time her hired help at home were black—although as time passed they were more likely Haitian than African-American—and she would take an interest in their lives and sit down and eat with them. She was loyal. Friends of her sons often became central to managing Bluebird Food; they would remain so in her son Buddy’s businesses. She listed my mother as Bluebird staff so my mother would have medical coverage. Rose paid for the apartment my mother took to care for Florence after her stroke and she paid for Florence’s medical care. Later, I have the impression that she or Buddy paid for my mother’s care when ill. Although I admired her I seldom saw Rose as she aged but she had become the head of a large family of grandchildren and spent her final years suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. I realized how little I had known of her early life when to check my facts I looked her up on a Google search and learned that she had pawned her engagement and wedding rings to help Harry’s meat businesses to expand.

Buddy and I always seemed to be at war. He admired my mother, I admired his. In my early teens, after my father died, I would sometimes stay during the summer at an apartment Rose rented in Atlantic City for the use of her sons, their friends, and family. Buddy would mock the books I was reading or trying to read, and I felt he wanted to get at me. He had a reputation as a tough who could bang three heads together and whom it would be foolish to cross. His friends spoke of him as almost crazy when angered. One day, however, when a group of us were playing basketball Buddy and I got into a punch up. I don’t remember the cause but he kept shouting that I mistreated my mother. I survived bruised but wonderfully surrounded by the women who were part of the group, and became for a time the hero who had fought Buddy as an equal.

His friends were older and more experienced than me, Albert’s even older, and knew one another from Philadelphia. They shared cultural and social assumptions of which I was unaware. I felt an outsider until the fight on the basketball court, an incident lost in the fog of memory until about a year or two ago someone spoke to Buddy and he complained that he still had a scar from when, he claimed, I bit him on a finger during that fight. Did I really do that? Good for me.

That might have been the same summer when I once more found myself promoted from ugly duckling to swan as some of the group had heard me on a late night jazz record radio program. By my mid-teens I had become a serious jazz fan, had become a friend of the announcer on the one major Philadelphia jazz show, and as I was underage to go to jazz clubs I would accompany him unquestioned to late night places. I would first go to the station and talk with him on air about records before going to a night club with its visiting band followed by a jam session. I would not get home until morning. It did not happen often but to be heard on the radio by high school and college students gave me status.

While Buddy went on to head Bluebird Food and other companies and was, I think, on the board of several banks, and his children increased and multiplied and became parents themselves; his older brother Albert had become a gynecologist, had an affair with his nurse, was divorced by his wife whom had dated since school days and whose family were friends of the Cooks, a divorce which cost Rose much money and the scandal risked Albert being debarred from practice. He moved from Philadelphia to New Jersey, near Trenton, married an orthodox Jewish woman who insisted that she be called “Doctor” because of her Ph.d. and had a brilliant child who was not encouraged to read children’s books. When I visited him he had become a practicing orthodox Jew, or at least a well off American version of one. He wore a kippah and he and his wife had two ovens, two dish washers, two of everything, because it was forbidden to mix this with that. His life as an orthodox American-Jew gynecologist was supported by his mother’s and brother’s decades of processing pork into ham. He had many forbidden swine to atone for.

Albert still remained relaxed, good natured, full of advice and I was glad to be given a book by his wife about mid-life crisis as this was such a period in my life and I had never heard the term before and did not understand why I was unhappy and quarrelsome. Albert was over-weight and had been to a Duke University program for those who had heart problems. I was sorry to learn some years later that he died of a heart attack.

Lillian, Rose and Florence had three brothers. Al, was an athlete who married, moved to Allentown Pennsylvania, and died young. I think he played baseball professionally. I do not remember the story and I doubt that there is anyone still living who can fill in the picture. Harry married a non-Jew, became a butcher, travelled in a butcher’s truck and lived in a poor section of Camden. I think my mother looked down on him for his marriage. I disliked him the few times I saw him because of his crude speech and his expressions of dislike for “niggers”. As I was a jazz fan we quarreled when we met, which thankfully was only when he dropped by our pharmacy and that was seldom. He had a son and daughter whom I occasionally met when I transferred from Gloucester to Camden High School and whom I would sometimes run into at a restaurant when I returned to New Jersey to see my mother. I think they became accountants. I knew little about them but we were friendly towards each other and my mother regarded them as model children who remained near home close to their parents.

Henry, the other brother, the youngest of the six, grey eyed, good looking, played basketball when younger, always appeared relaxed, had a quiet sense of humor, and a narrow moustache, was sought by women, and was evasive. I have the impression he lived with his mother when he was in the area. In Atlantic City when he sometimes stayed in the apartment Rose rented for the summer, we knew to say that he was not there when women telephoned for him, which they often did. He worked in the betting stalls at horse racing tracks which he followed around the country, in his car, as the season shifted to Florida, New York, California, wherever. He would work in New Jersey at Cherry Hill, Atlantic City and Monmouth. He was always in contact with his sisters Lillian and Rose, part of the immediate family. In my teens I thought him cool and enjoyed listening to him until one time he began telling me about a young woman whom he was interested in and with whom he got no place. I never told him that she was someone whom I had gone to school with in Camden and who I thought was interested in me but whom I regarded as not having enough good looks to make up for her lack of brains and cultural knowledge. One day I had driven her home and felt offended by the vulgar mirrored halls and walls of the family’s apartment. She was impressed that I was going to Columbia, but I ignored suggestions that we meet more often. Could Henry really have been attracted to her?

He seemed the perpetual bachelor, someone without a home who drifted here and there. When he did marry it was to a hairdresser who already had children by her first marriage. I at first thought she had a nice hard experienced cynical tone, but soon discovered that she was a middle class wannabe without taste of her own. If her neighbors had tat she felt she also must have tat. She seemed to have been destined for suburban life. Poor Henry, how could he have made such a mistake? Especially as after he was injured she mocked his manhood. He became house-ridden and depressed after a fire broke out at a race track and he was badly affected by smoke inhalation. He spent the remainder of his years a semi-cripple stuck in a stuffed soft chair listening to a snappish wife and a pampered daughter who blamed him for all her own failures.

As my mother felt she owed Henry—there may have been a loan of money at some time—the daughter became my replacement in her life. The loan might have been one of those stories that my mother invented to justify what she wanted. Besides thinking she could save Henry’s daughter from the vices of the world, she also wanted someone to care for and comfort her as she had her mother and as she had taken care of Florence after her stroke. It was the fate I was always fleeing.

So unlike McCarthy’s Italians we had only taken two generations to progress from impoverished immigrants to assimilated Americans and being spoiled, rebellious and resentful children. Progress or early decadence?