Americans in Paris: Life and Death under Nazi Occupation 1940–44

Americans in Paris: Life and Death under Nazi Occupation 1940–44
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An elegantly written and highly informative account of a group of Americans living in Paris when the city fell to the Nazis in June 1940.When the German army occupied Paris in the early hours of 14 June 1940, a large American community awaited them. Although the US Ambassador had advised those without vital business to leave when war broke out in 1939, almost five thousand remained. Many had professional and family ties to Paris, and most had a peculiarly American love for the city that was rooted in the bravery of the thousands of Frenchmen who volunteered to help win American independence after 1776. As citizens of a neutral nation, they believed they had little to fear. They were wrong. For four hard years, from the summer of 1940 until US troops occupied Paris in August 1944, Americans were intimately caught up in the city's fate.Those who stayed behind were an eccentric, original and disparate group. Charles Bedaux, a Frenchborn, naturalized American millionaire, had played host to the Duke of Windsor's wedding in 1937 and went on throwing lavish parties for European royalty and high-ranking Nazi officials. Countess Clara Longworth de Chambrun, who accepted the legitimacy of the Vichy regime, dealt with anyone, including the Nazis, to keep her beloved American Library of Paris open. Sylvia Beach attempted to run her famous English-language bookshop, Shakespeare & Company, whilst providing help to her Jewish friends and her colleagues in the Resistance. Dr Sumner Jackson, wartime chief surgeon of the American Hospital in Paris, risked his life aiding Allied soldiers to escape to Britain and resisting the occupier from the first day.Charles Glass has written an exciting, fast-paced and elegant account of the moral contradictions faced by Americans in Paris during France's most dangerous years. His discovery of letters, diaries, war documents and police files reveals as never before how American expatriates were trapped in a web of intrigue, collaboration and courage. This is an unforgettable tale of treachery by some, cowardice by others and unparalleled bravery by a few.

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Charles Glass. Americans in Paris: Life and Death under Nazi Occupation 1940–44

Americans in Paris

Copyright

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

The American Mayor of Paris

The Bookseller

The Countess from Ohio

All Blood Runs Red

Le Millionnaire américain

The Yankee Doctor

Bookshop Row

Americans at Vichy

Back to Paris

In Love with Love

A French Prisoner with the Americans

American Grandees

Polly’s Paris

Rugged Individualists

Germany’s Confidential American Agent

The Coldest Winter

Time to Go?

New Perils in Paris

Utopia in Les Landes

To Resist, to Collaborate or to Endure

Enemy Aliens

First Round-up

The Vichy Web

The Second Round-up

‘Inturned’

Uniting Africa

Americans Go to War

Murphy Forgets a Friend

Alone at Vittel

The Bedaux Dossier

Murphy versus Bedaux

Sylvia’s War

German Agents?

A Hospital at War

The Adolescent Spy

Clara under Suspicion

Calumnies

The Trial of Citizen Bedaux

The Underground Railway

Conspiracies

Springtime in Paris

The Maquis to Arms!

Résistants Unmasked

Via Dolorosa

Schwarze Kapelle

Slaves of the Reich

One Family Now

The Paris Front

Tout Mourir

Liberating the Rooftops

Libération, not Liberation

EPILOGUE

ENDNOTES. PART ONE: 14 JUNE 1940. Chapter One: The American Mayor of Paris

Chapter Two: The Bookseller

Chapter Three: The Countess from Ohio

Chapter Four: All Blood Runs Red

Chapter Five: Le Millionnaire américain

Chapter Six: The Yankee Doctor

PART TWO: 1940. Chapter Seven: Bookshop Row

Chapter Eight: Americans at Vichy

Chapter Nine: Back to Paris

Chapter Ten: In Love with Love

Chapter Eleven: A French Prisoner with the Americans

Chapter Twelve: American Grandees

Chapter Thirteen: Polly’s Paris

Chapter Fourteen: Rugged Individualists

Chapter Fifteen: Germany’s Confidential American Agent

PART THREE: 1941. Chapter Sixteen: The Coldest Winter

Chapter Seventeen: Time to Go?

Chapter Eighteen: New Perils in Paris

Chapter Nineteen: Utopia in Les Landes

Chapter Twenty: To Resist, to Collaborate or to Endure

Chapter Twenty-one: Enemy Aliens

PART FOUR: 1942. Chapter Twenty-two: First Round-up

Chapter Twenty-three: The Vichy Web

Chapter Twenty-four: The Second Round-up

Chapter Twenty-five: ‘Inturned’

Chapter Twenty-six: Uniting Africa

Chapter Twenty-seven: Americans Go to War

Chapter Twenty-eight: Murphy Forgets a Friend

Chapter Twenty-nine: Alone at Vittel

Chapter Thirty: The Bedaux Dossier

PART FIVE: 1943. Chapter Thirty-one: Murphy versus Bedaux

Chapter Thirty-two: Sylvia’s War

Chapter Thirty-three: German Agents?

Chapter Thirty-four: A Hospital at War

Chapter Thirty-five: The Adolescent Spy

Chapter Thirty-six: Clara under Suspicion

Chapter Thirty-seven: Calumnies

PART SIX: 1944. Chapter Thirty-eight: The Trial of Citizen Bedaux

Chapter Thirty-nine: The Underground Railway

Chapter Forty: Conspiracies

Chapter Forty-one: Springtime in Paris

Chapter Forty-two: The Maquis to Arms!

Chapter Forty-three: Résistants Unmasked

Chapter Forty-four: Via Dolorosa

Chapter Forty-five: Schwarze Kapelle

Chapter Forty-six: Slaves of the Reich

Chapter Forty-seven: One Family Now

Chapter Forty-eight: The Paris Front

Chapter Forty-nine: Tout Mourir

PART SEVEN: 24–26 AUGUST 1944. Chapter Fifty: Liberating the Rooftops

Chapter Fifty-one: Libération, not Liberation

Epilogue

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

By the same author

About the Publisher

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CHARLES GLASS

born 11 October, 1920, died 2 February, 2008.

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25 ‘Inturned’

26 Uniting Africa

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