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The LAB (Lightness, A channel, and B channel) color mode is used by many high-end color professionals because of its wide color range. Using LAB, you can make adjustments to luminosity (lightness) without affecting color. In this mode, you can select and change an L (lightness or luminosity) channel without affecting the A channel (green and red) and the B channel (blue and yellow).

LAB mode is also good to use if you’re in a color-managed environment and want to easily move from one color system to another with no loss of color.

Some professionals prefer to sharpen images in LAB mode because they can select just the Lightness channel and choose Filter ⇒ Sharpen ⇒ Unsharp Mask to sharpen only the gray matter of the image, leaving the color noise-free.