Читать книгу The Dangerous Book for Boys - Conn Iggulden - Страница 23

FISHERMAN ARE NOT PATIENT. Anticipation and concentration can make fishing an exhausting sport. It is a mainly solitary occupation. You hardly ever see people fishing in groups, laughing and chatting with each other, or drinking alcohol and singing. Fishermen can spend the day in silence. Even if you never catch anything, lazy afternoons spent fishing in the summer can be relaxing, rewarding – and addictive.

A simple starter kit – a rod, bait, a float, a lead weight and a hook – can be put together for about £30. As a legal requirement, you’ll also need to purchase a rod licence, available at any post office. You have the choice of a day, week or annual licence costing up to around £25 – though a salmon and sea trout licence is more than double that. Note that you do not need a licence if you are under twelve. Twelve to sixteen-year-olds can buy a ‘junior’ version which is cheaper than adult ones.

The local fishing shop will have the equipment and also be able to tell you if there are free fishing grounds nearby. Most towns have a stretch where no extra fees are required. The largest is in London between London Bridge and Staines. Richard I gave it to the citizens of London and it has remained free ever since.

Otherwise, any canal or good-sized freshwater river will do. You may be asked to pay a small extra fee for a day’s permit. If expensive fish like trout or salmon are involved, you will almost certainly be asked to show your rod licence and be required to get the owner’s permission. Technically, fishing cannot be poaching as fish are ferae naturae – wild animals. However, if you don’t obtain permission, you can be prosecuted for trespass and fishing without a licence. A water bailiff also has the right to confiscate your equipment but, again, not the fish you have caught.

The classic fishing method is with a float. Maggots from bluebottle or greenbottle flies are spiked on a hook suspended from a float that bobs on the surface. Push the hook through the blunt end of the maggot, taking care not to burst it, as it dies faster. It tends to be necessary to place a couple of ball lead weights on the line to keep the float upright. Ask in the fishing shop if you’re not sure how.

Cast carefully as a hook catching in your eyebrow is a deeply unpleasant experience. Watch out for overhead cables or tree branches. Your spool will have two settings – one for casting and one for retrieving the hook. Allow it to run loose and cast the hook and float upstream and allow the hook to come downstream towards you in the current. The first moment when that float dips is an experience to be treasured. Otherwise, wind back in slowly and try it again, replacing your maggots when they no longer move. If it’s a nice day, find a place to sit and enjoy the peace that lasts until someone comes along and says, ‘Any luck?’

The second classic method is known as ‘ledgering’. It involves a heavier lead weight that keeps the hook on the bottom. Fish taking the bait feel no resistance. This works well with carp.

It should be clear that the method depends on the fish. Pike and perch tend to attack injured or dying fish. As a result, they can be caught using a ‘spinner’, a device that resembles a wounded fish as it moves through the water. Many anglers use complex lures that mimic insects on the surface. For a beginner, though, you’d hope to catch one of the following:

Roach (Rutilus rutilus). The ideal beginner’s fish. Roach feed in all conditions, at all levels, in summer and winter. Found in lakes, ponds, rivers and canals in England, Scotland, parts of Wales and Ireland. They are not large – a pound roach would be a reasonable catch.

Tench (Tinca tinca). A member of the carp family. Golden brown to olive green in colour, more likely to take the bait in warm weather. Usually found in deeper water – ponds, weirs and lakes. They can range in weight from a couple of pounds up to six or seven, though it would have to be deep water such as a gravel-pit lake for them to grow as large as that.

Chub (Leuciscus cephalus). Found in rivers fast and slow, under overhanging banks, rafts of waterweed and any other shelter. Omnivorous, chub will take almost any bait. They are common at around 5 lb in weight.

There is also a good chance of you picking up ‘small fry’ – fish no larger than a thumb that are used either as live bait for pike and perch, or thrown back. In the UK, these are:

Gudgeon. A small bottom feeder, found everywhere.

Stickleback. An even smaller fish with harmless spines. Often caught in nets by very small children.

Minnows. The tiny fish whose name has actually come to mean ‘small and insignificant’.

There are too many other types to include here – the rivers and lakes teem with them.

‘Game fishing’ is a specific reference to the salmon family: salmon, trout, char and grayling. ‘Coarse’ fish have five fins – ventral, anal, dorsal, pectoral and caudal. Members of the salmon family all have one extra fin close to the tail – known as the adipose fin. Salmon are born from eggs laid in rivers and swim to the sea, where they live for one to three years. After that, they return by instinct to the river where they were born to breed, in what is known as the ‘spawning season’. They are caught as they travel upstream, with a lure containing a hook.

Catching a fish can be exciting – the real skill is not in hooking one but in bringing it in without breaking the line or losing the fish. As a final note, try reading the classic fishing tale by Ernest Hemingway – The Old Man and the Sea. Happy fishing.