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Different storage systems will have different levels of access controls. Cloud Storage, for example, can have access controls at the bucket and the object level. If someone has access to a file in Cloud Storage, they will have access to all the data in that file. If some users have access only to a subset of a dataset, then the data could be stored in a relational database and a view could be created that includes only the data that the user is allowed to access.

Encrypting data at rest is an important requirement for many use cases; fortunately, all Google Cloud storage services encrypt data at rest.

When choosing a storage technology, the ability to control access to data is a key consideration.