Читать книгу Meet the German Shepherd - Dog Fancy Magazine - Страница 5

One of the world’s most recognizable purebred dogs, the German Shepherd Dog defies description. The American Kennel Club classifies the breed in its Herding Group, but herding sheep and goats only represents one aspect of this multi-faceted working dog. Images of the heroic and noble German Shepherd, assisting soldiers in wartime or working side-by-side with rescue workers after the September 11^th attacks on New York City’s World Trade Center and the Pentagon are seared in the minds of Americans today, just as recollections of Rin Tin Tin and Strongheart on movie screens moved earlier generations.

Dogs at Work

The GSD’s intelligence and willingness to cooperate with humans make the breed versatile working dogs. They excel in the following jobs: guarding people and property; police and military service, including scent work such as bomb and drug detection; guiding the blind; search and rescue; and guarding and herding livestock.

What’s not to love about the GSD, as the breed is commonly called? Is there a more courageous breed? The German Shepherd remains a fearless protector, a loyal and devoted pet, a trainable and intelligent competition dog, and one of the most versatile four-legged animals on the planet.

Since the breed’s rise to prominence in the early 1900s, when canine Hollywood star Strongheart reigned on the silver screen, the German Shepherd has excelled in every imaginable area of canine duty: herding dog, military working dog, protection dog, law-enforcement K9, drug and bomb detector, guide and assistance dog, hearing dog, and, of course, search-and-rescue dog. In fact, when the American Kennel Club launched its DOGNY program to commemorate the hero dogs of September 11^th, the German Shepherd was used as the statue model for the poignant artwork.

THE RIGHT DOG FOR YOU?

The temperament of this professional working dog doesn’t automatically translate to “ideal family dog” in most people’s minds. For all of the outstanding qualities that make the GSD a brilliant working and service dog, smitten potential owners must understand that this is an excessively bright animal who takes his job very seriously. Make no mistake: the German Shepherd Dog needs a job! An unemployed GSD is a miserable companion. Left alone without something to do in the home or backyard, the GSD can become destructive, overly vocal, and generally unhappy. A lot of dog in terms of strength, intellect, and drive, the German Shepherd should never be left to his own creative devices. This family-oriented canine wants to be a part of his human pack, and he will thrive and become the ideal family dog he was meant to be when given plenty of exercise and human contact.

For all of the breed’s intelligence, the German Shepherd cannot teach himself. This remarkable working canine does not instinctively know right from wrong, and without proper training and guidance, he does not know what is acceptable behavior. He still requires training and firm yet gentle and consistent handling by a master who is able to command the dog’s respect. Confident breeds like the GSD require a strong leader, or they will intuitively sense any weakness and assume a dominant role, which is clearly undesirable when dealing with a breed as powerful as this.

A family with children will undoubtedly be well protected by a German Shepherd. The breed’s innate maternal instincts apply to the family’s children, and GSDs take their child-care duties as seriously as any other task assigned to them. When properly trained and socialized with children, the GSD is remarkably gentle and tolerant of children of all ages.

Before adding a German Shepherd to your family, you must consider all of the dog’s needs—exercise, space, companionship, occupation, training, and so forth—and make a commitment to providing for each of these needs. GSDs are handsome, friendly, and smart—qualities that make them appealing to many dog lovers who are not suited for this large, active, intelligent dog. Only responsible owners who are willing to provide for all of the GSD’s needs should consider this breed. If you and your family meet those conditions, the German Shepherd will reward you with love and devotion.

Friendly and highly trainable, German Shepherds love to be where the action is with their owners.

COAT CARE

Dogs shed; it’s just a matter of how much. The good news is that the German Shepherd’s thick double coat only sheds a lot for about two weeks twice a year. The bad news is that the coat sheds a little every day of the other forty-eight weeks. Brushing becomes a necessary part of daily life.

The German Shepherd typically enjoys the attention he gets during grooming, and owners simply have to set aside five minutes a day to give their dogs a once-over. Likewise, ideal GSD owners must be less fussy about a ball of fuzz tumbling down the hallway or some stray hairs on your blouse or jeans. Just accept that you’ll never have it 100 percent cleaned up.

In terms of the actual length, the GSD’s coat is medium long, with a longer, thicker coat on the dog’s neck and a longer coat on the dog’s legs. Brushing keeps the dog’s coat looking healthy and clean. Ideally, the hair on the body lies close and is straight and harsh, though some shepherds have slightly wavy or wiry coats, too. A show dog’s coat should never be soft, silky, wooly, or curly.

Did You Know?

The American Kennel Club began offering the modern Best in Show award in 1924. The first German Shepherd Dog to win a Best in Show was Ch. Etzel v.d. Ettersburg, who won the award on March 26, 1924.

Thinking about getting a German Shepherd Dog? Make sure you have enough time and energy to dedicate to this active and fun-loving breed.

The GSD’s thick double coat insulates the dog from heat and cold, enabling him to work in the most inclement weather. The outer hairs are water-resistant, and the thick underfur provides insulation in cold weather. Burrs and other clinging seeds brush right out of the coat. Coat color varies from black and tan to sable and gray sable. Solid white is not permitted on show dogs.

EMPLOYING THE GSD

Do you own a hobby farm? Have you wondered what it would be like to look out your kitchen window upon a small flock of Merino sheep? If so, then you have the ideal sheep herder in your German Shepherd. Most people first think of the GSD as a police dog rather than a farm dog, when in fact the breed excels at both and certainly knew ewes and rams long before it recognized criminals and victims.

The rural renaissance is alive and well across the United States, and hobby farms are sprouting up everywhere. The return to nature and instinct has swept up dog lovers, too, and natural foods and remedies for dogs have become more popular than ever. Likewise, the AKC has been offering instinct tests for various breeds for many years. Herding dogs like the GSD can participate in herding tests and trials, simulated events that put the dog’s innate herding skills to work.

Always the Bridesmaid

In 1925, the German Shepherd Dog reached the position of number-one dog in the United States—and remained at the top for three years—unseating the popular Boston Terrier that had been the number-one breed of the 1910s. Number-one status was never achieved again, though the breed was number six in the 1950s and remained in the top four breeds every decade since then. From 1963 through 1972, the GSD was number two but never came close to dethroning the Poodle from the number one position. Currently, the GSD is once again at the number two position, behind the Labrador Retriever, who has held the top spot for more than twenty years.

HERD MENTALITY

How exactly does a herding dog herd? When most people hear the term “sheep-herding dog,” they visualize a shepherd sending out his dog to round up the flock and bring it to a location he designates. Historically, this is not the type of herding that the German Shepherd performed.

There are three basic styles of GSD herding; each evolved based on the local circumstances that sheep farmers faced.

1. Driving is the most common herding type. Seen in sheepdog trials, it requires the dog to push stock through gates, pens, and chutes. In this style of herding, the shepherd does not lead the flock, and the dog works on commands.

2. In Mustering, the dog fetches stock from long distances and brings them back to the shepherd.

3. Tending is the herding technique that the GSD was originally meant to do, which involves managing large flocks grazing and moving in open settings. The dog acts as a living fence. Large European manors did not build actual fences until the nineteenth century, thus herding dogs were used to oversee the pastures, which were adjacent to other areas such as woodlands, grain fields, vegetable gardens, and vineyards. The sheep were only allowed to graze on fallow fields (those that had been allowed to grow to stubble and grass), usually about 10 acres large and outlined with furrows. The shepherd led the sheep from the edges of the plots, and the dogs kept them on the path. They may have had to pass miles of growing crops on the way to pasture. Once the flock was settled on a fallow field, the dogs patrolled the land to keep them there.

Familiar Faces

Some truly famous German Shepherds have graced our big screens over the years. When Hollywood dog trainer Larry Trimble and his friend, writer Jane Murfin, heard the about the GSD war dogs, they decided the breed was perfect for film work. In 1920, they searched Germany and chose a three-year-old, 125-pound, police-dog-trained male named Etzel von Oringer. Renamed Strongheart, this GSD starred in several silent movies, including such classics as Jack London’s Call of the Wild (1921) and White Fang (1925). Strongheart was the first canine movie star.

Another GSD, rescued as a puppy from a bombed-out war dog kennel in Lorraine, France, soon out-did Strongheart. Corporal Lee Duncan managed to bring this pup (named Rin Tin Tin after a French toy) back to the United States and trained him as he had seen the war dogs trained. At a show in 1921, “Rinty” amazed the audience by broad-jumping 131/2 feet. Darrell Zanuck saw this and paid Duncan $350 to film Rinty with his new camera. Before his death in 1932, Rinty made 26 movies for Warner Brothers and became a huge star, receiving 10,000 fan letters a week. Rinty’s offspring have continued to act in movies and television. The Rin Tin Tin breeding program is now owned by Ms. Daphne Hereford, daughter of Ms. Jannettia Propps, who inherited the line from Duncan. To stay up to date with Rin Tin Tin, go to www.rintintin.com.

German Shepherds love being put to work, but they also enjoy a little down time and R&R with the people they love.

Because tending dogs do not work under direct command, they had to be quick-witted enough to adapt to changing circumstances and able to make independent decisions. The job required them to be assertive enough to keep determined sheep (strong animals heavier than the dogs) from getting into areas beyond the nonexistent fences. They needed enough self-confidence and control to physically force potential escapees back into the group by gripping only their wool. Above all, the tending job required courage to protect the sheep from humans and animal predators, like wolves and bears.

If you like lively, intelligent midsized dogs, the German Shepherd just might be the breed for you.

Join the Club

The parent club of a canine breed is considered the expert on everything related to that breed of dog. It’s responsible for safeguarding and promoting a particular dog breed. These national organizations are members of the American Kennel Club and are made up of knowledgeable breeders. Each parent club determines the breed standard, denoting the most desired traits of an ideal specimen of the breed, which the AKC then officially approves. The standard is used to guide breeding practices and competition judging. The parent club of the German Shepherd is the German Shepherd Dog Club of America. Learn more about the club at its website, www.gsdca.org.

WHAT A SPORT

Consistent with the breed’s historical role as a tending dog, the German Shepherd is a true team player and excels when working independently or by his master’s side. In fact, the GSD excels at his person’s side in most any dog sport. Whether he’s flying over a hurdle in an agility trial or executing a broad jump in an obedience trial, the well-trained GSD is a focused, professional athlete who thrives on pleasing his handler. Tracking is another sport at which German Shepherd Dogs have been excelling for many years. Relying on his nose and brain, the GSD is a natural tracker, and these skills have been applied to many of the breed’s professional disciplines, such as search and rescue, arson and drug detection, border control, police trailing, and many others.

CANINE CONSIDERATION

The rest of this book will dive into everything important you need to know to find and care for a German Shepherd. It’s a lifetime commitment, and not one to be taken lightly. So before you go looking for a breeder, make sure bringing a dog into your home is really what you want. Examine your home environment and lifestyle to make sure the lively and personable GSD is really the dog for you.

Then, once you’re certain that the German Shepherd Dog is your ideal breed, don’t just rush out and buy the first one you see. Take the time to study the breed. Do your research and know which GSD qualities to look for when meeting available litters; learn the best tactics for training and socialization; study what you can do to contribute to your pet’s health and happiness; and discover the vast array of activities you can do to bond with your active dog. Now, let’s get to it!

Having endeared himself to humans centuries ago for his devoted service in livestock fields, the GSD has won over recent generations in his civic services.

At a Glance …

German Shepherds have been one of the most popular dog breeds for the majority of the past century.

Devoted and highly trainable, GSDs make great service animals, as well as family pets.

GSDs thrive when given a “job” to do, whether it is guarding the family at home or apprehending criminals alongside a police officer.

German Shepherds have an instinctive herding mentality—a skill that has endeared them to humans throughout the world for hundreds of years.

The possibilities are endless when considering what activities to involve your German Shepherd Dog in to keep him healthy, active, and happy.