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An integrated circuit is a special component that contains an entire electronic circuit, complete with transistors, diodes, and other elements, all photographically etched onto a tiny piece of silicon. Integrated circuits are the building blocks of modern electronic devices such as computers and cellphones.

You learn how to work with some basic integrated circuits in Book 3. To get started, you’ll want to pick up a few each of at least two different types of integrated circuits: a 555 timer and an LM741 op-amp. These chips are shown in Figure 3-20.

FIGURE 3-20: Two popular integrated circuits: A 555 timer and an LM741 op-amp.