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1. For further discussion of these features see among others: Mike Featherstone, ed., Global Culture, Nationalism, Globalization and Modernity (London: Sage, 1990); David Harvey, The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change (Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell, 1989); Fredric Jameson, Postmodernism, Or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism (Durham: Duke University Press, 1991); Jean-François Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1979).

2. Andrew Ross, “Introduction,” in Universal Abandon? The Politics of Postmodernism, ed. Andrew Ross (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1988), xi.

3. Andrew Parker, Mary Russo, Doris Sommer, and Patricia Yaeger, eds., Nationalisms and Sexualities (New York: Routledge, 1992), 13–14.

4. Ibid., 2.

5. Ibid., 5.

6. For additional speculation about the possibilities and the difficulties of dialogues between feminists in the East and in the West, see Nanette Funk and Magda Mueller, eds., Gender Politics and Post-Communism, Reflections from Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union (New York: Routledge, 1993). See especially Funk’s “Introduction: Women and Post-Communism,” 1–14 and “Feminism East and West,” 318–30. See also her “Feminism and Post-Communism,” in Hypatia 8, no. 4 (Fall 1993): 85–88 and other essays in the “Special Cluster on Eastern European Feminism.”

7. Rey Chow, Women and Chinese Modernity: The Politics of Reading Between West and East (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1991), 163.

8. For farther speculation on the importance of combining feminisms developed in the West and East, see Zillah Eisenstein’s “Eastern European Male Democracies: A Problem of Unequal Equality,” in Funk and Mueller, Gender Politics, 303–17.

9. bell hooks, “Postmodern Blackness,” in Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics (Boston: South End Press, 1990), 27.

10. Anne McClintock, “No Longer in a Future Heaven: Women and Nationalism in South Africa,” Transition 51 (1991): 122.

11. Lipovskaia, cited in Funk’s “Feminism and Post-Communism,” 86. Hana Havelkova, “‘Patriarchy’ in Czech Society,” Hypatia 8, no. 4 (Fall 1993): 95.

12. Cited in Jane T. Costlow, Stephanie Sandler, and Judith Vowles, Sexuality and the Body in Russian Culture (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993), 30.

13. Igor Kon, “Sexuality and Culture,” in Igor Kon and James Riordan, eds., Sex and Russian Society (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993), 28.

14. Kon, in Kon and Riordan, Sex and Russian Society, 28.