Читать книгу The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh - Flinders Petrie - Страница 7
CONTENTS.
Оглавление9 Details of lineal instruments
10 Details of angular instruments
CHAP. III.—METHODS OF MEASUREMENT.
14 Casing, &c, of Great Pyramid
15 Second Pyramid, casing, &c.
CHAP. VI.—OUTSIDE OF GREAT PYRAMID.
20 Relation of sockets to casing
22 Levels and positions of sockets
30 Trial passages
31 Connection of inside and outside
32 Original position of entrance
33 Mouths of air-channels
34 Blocks above entrance
CHAP VII.—INSIDE OF GREAT PYRAMID.
36 Entrance passage, azimuth and angle
37 Subterranean chamber, &c.
38 Ascending passage, length
39 Ascending passage, azimuth and angle
40 Passage to Queen’s Chamber
41 Queen’s Chamber, plan
42 Queen’s Chamber, height
43 Queen’s Chamber, niche
44 Queen’s Chamber, channels
45 Gallery, length and angles
46 Gallery, roof and walls
47 Antechamber and passages
48 Antechamber dimensions
49 Antechamber details of walls
50 Antechamber granite leaf
51 King’s Chamber, wall
52 King’s Chamber, plan
53 King’s Chamber, roof
54 King’s Chamber, floor
55 King’s Chamber, working
56 King’s Chamber, channels
57 Coffer, character
58 Coffer, position
59 Coffer, offsets to surfaces
60 Coffer, calipering
61 Coffer, volumes
62 Chambers of construction
63 Chambers of construction details
64 Summary of interior positions
CHAP. VIII.—OUTSIDE OF SECOND PYRAMID.
66 Length of sides of casing
67 Angle of Pyramid, and height
68 Courses of the Pyramid
69 Pavement
70 Levelled site
71 Peribolus walls
72 Barracks of workmen
CHAP. IX.—INSIDE OF SECOND PYRAMID.
74 Horizontal passage
75 Great chamber
76 Coffer, character
77 Coffer, dimensions
78 Lower chamber, and passage
CHAP. X.—OUTSIDE OF THIRD PYRAMID.
80 Length of the sides
81 Angle and height of Pyramid
82 Courses
83 Peribolus walls and temple
CHAP. XI.—INSIDE OF THIRD PYRAMID.
85 First chamber
86 Second chamber
87 Granite chamber
88 Loculus chamber
89 Original entrance passage
CHAP. XII.—LESSER PYRAMIDS OF GIZEH.
91 Middle small Pyramid
CHAP. XIII.—POSITIONS AND ORIENTATION OF THE PYRAMIDS.
92 Relative positions of Pyramids
93 Orientation of large Pyramids
94 Change of earth’s axis
CHAP. XIV.—THE GRANITE TEMPLE, &C.
96 Description of Temple
97 Workmanship of Temple
98 Original appearance of Temple
99 Date of Temple
100 Constructions near Great Pyramid
101 Basalt and diorite casings
102 Diorite at Gizeh
104 Campbell’s tomb
CHAP. XVI.—NOTES ON OTHER PYRAMIDS.
105 Abu Roash, Pyramid of Men......ra
106 Sakkara, Pyramid of Pepi
107 Dahshur, Great Pyramid
108 Dahshur, South Pyramid
109 Dahshur, South Pyramid door
110 Mastaba-Pyramids, Sakkara & Medum
112 Men......ra of Abu Roash
113 Khufu and Khnumu-Khufu
114 Ratatef
115 Khafra
116 Menkaura, and the Third Pyramid
117 Brick Pyramids
118 Petukhanu’s tablet of Khufu
119 Destruction of buildings
120 Accuracy of Greek historians
CHAP. XVIII.—ARCHITECTURAL IDEAS OF THE PYRAMID BUILDERS.
122 The Accretion Theory of building
123 Application of it to the large Pyramids
124 Inapplicability of the theory
125 Plugging of the Pyramid passages
126 Doors of the Pyramids
127 Relative workmanship of Pyramids
128 Use of Plaster
CHAP. XIX.—MECHANICAL METHODS OF THE PYRAMID BUILDERS.
129 Nature of tools employed on hard stone
130 Examples of sawing
131 Examples of tubular drilling
132 Examples of turning
133 Rate of working
134 Tools not actually found
135 References on other details
CHAP. XX.—VALUES OF THE CUBIT AND DIGIT.
136 The cubit in the Great Pyramid
137 The cubit in other buildings
138 Divisions of lists in the tombs
139 Decimal division of cubit
140 Values of the digit
141 Comparison with previous results
CHAP. XXI.—THEORIES COMPARED WITH FACTS.
142 The comparisons based on the facts
143 The Great Pyramid base
144 The Great Pyramid height
145 The Great Pyramid angle
146 The Great Pyramid courses
147 Rock trenches by Great Pyramid
148 Positions of the chambers
149 Lengths of the passages
150 Dimensions of the passages
151 Angles of the passages
152 Subterranean Chamber
153 Queen’s Chamber
154 Antechamber
155 King’s Chamber
156 Coffer
157 Synopsis of Great Pyramid theories
158 The Tombic theory
159 Second Pyramid, outside
160 Second Pyramid, inside
161 Second Pyramid, coffer
162 Third Pyramid
163 Comparison of previous surveys
CHAP. XXII.—HISTORY OF THE GREAT PYRAMID, AND ITS DESIGN.
165 Source of the stone
166 Organization of the labour
167 Preparation of the site
168 Planning of the courses
169 Raising the stones
170 Tools and chips
171 Deterioration of the work
172 Plans altered
173 Closing of the Pyramid
174 A second coffer
175 Violation of the Pyramid
176 Inscriptions on the Pyramid
177 Destruction of the Pyramid
178 Summary of probable theories
I.—ON THE ARRANGEMENT OF A TRIANGULATION.
179 Nature of survey of short distances
180 Distribution of the observations
181 Order of observations
II.—THE REJECTION OF DISCORDANT OBSERVATIONS.
182 Continual and occasional errors
183 Discrimination of occasional errors
184 Weighting observations by their divergence
185 Application of the law of distribution
186 Practical elimination of occasional errors
187 Probable error, a factor, not a term
188 Plus and minus errors always possible
189 Secondary probable errors
190 Applicability of approximate formulæ
191 Testing the normal distribution
III.—GRAPHIC REDUCTION OF TRIANGULATION.
192 The need of a graphic method
193 Old and new methods of graphic reduction
194 The practice of graphic reduction
195 Delineation of the traces
196 Accuracy in the present survey
197 Applicability of graphic reduction
