Читать книгу Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists - Franco Taroni - Страница 3

1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Genotypic relative frequencies for locusLDLR amongst Caucasians in ...Table 1.2 Refractive index measurements.Table 1.3 Presence and absence of diffuse vascular injuries (DVI) and diffuse...Table 1.4 Genotype probabilities, assuming Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, for a ...

2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Two‐by‐two contingency table for frequencies for the tabulation of ...Table 2.2 Two‐by‐two contingency table for probabilities for the tabulation o...Table 2.3 Two‐by‐two contingency table for artificial frequencies for the tab...Table 2.4 Hypothetical results for deaths amongst a population.Table 2.5 Frequency of fingerprint characteristics by gender and handedness e...Table 2.6 Effect on prior odds in favour of relative to of evidence with...Table 2.7 Value of the evidence for each genotype, given genotypic relative f...Table 2.8 Qualitative scale for reporting the valueV of the support of the ev...Table 2.9 Verbal scale of support for a null hypothesis NH proposed by Jeffr...Table 2.10 Verbal scale of support for a likelihood ratio proposed by Nordga...Table 2.11 The values of the logarithm of the posterior odds in favour of an ...Table 2.12 Probability of at least one match, given a relative frequency of ...Table 2.13 Evidence occurs with .Table 2.14 The probability, , of at least one match with the evidence, which ...Table 2.15 The ‘ ’ loss function, for .Table 2.16 Loss function for the Bayesian decision network shown in Figure 2....

3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Probabilities for various characteristics of the couple observed in...Table 3.2 Allelic frequencies for TPOX locus for Swiss and NZ Caucasians and ...Table 3.3 Allelic frequencies for TH01 locus for Swiss and NZ Caucasians and ...Table 3.4 Significance probabilities for refractive index of glass for mea...Table 3.5 Variation in the likelihood ratio , as given by (3.7), with sample ...

4 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Probability that the proportion of drugs in a large consignment is ...Table 4.2 The sample size required to be % certain that the proportion of uni...Table 4.3 Probabilities all inspected units contain drugs for in a populat...Table 4.4 Definitions of nodes used in the Bayesian network shown in Figure 4...Table 4.5 Definitions of nodes used in the Bayesian networks shown in Figure ...Table 4.6 Estimates of quantities of drugs, in a consignment of units, acc...Table 4.7 Estimates of quantities of drugs, in a consignment of units, acc...Table 4.8 Sensitivity of the optimal decision on the alcohol level (g/kg) to ...Table 4.9 Definitions of the nodes used in the influence diagram shown in Fig...

5 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Examples of the hierarchy of propositionsTable 5.2 Frequencies of Ruritanians and those of genotype for a given locus...Table 5.3 Potential findings following the analysis of hair combingsTable 5.4 Events and probabilities relating to findings under and Table 5.5 Likelihood ratios for the outcomes from Table 5.4 with , , ; ,

6 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Gene (relative) frequencies for New Zealand in the ABO system.Table 6.2 Gene (relative) frequencies for Chinese in New Zealand in the ABO s...Table 6.3 Probability evidence inState v. Klindt (altered for illustrative pu...Table 6.4 Effects of population structure as represented by on the likelihoo...Table 6.5 Conditional genotype probability for the crime stain genotype ( ),...Table 6.6 Effects of family relatedness on conditional genotype probabilities...Table 6.7 Posterior odds that a PoI is the source of a crime scene stain that...Table 6.8 Distribution of blood groups of innocently acquired bloodstains on ...Table 6.9 Allelic configuration of three individuals, a child, a mother, and ...Table 6.10 Posterior probabilities of paternity for various prior probabiliti...Table 6.11 Likelihood of paternity.

7 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Results obtained following the analyses of, respectively, the compo...Table 7.2 Refractive indices of glass fragments for Johnston, recovered, and ...Table 7.3 Summary statistics for concentration of dye CI 14 720 in illicit pi...Table 7.4 Likelihood ratio values for varying values of and .Table 7.5 Distributional parameters for glass problems.Table 7.6 Transfer probabilities for glass problems.Table 7.7 Some values for the likelihood ratio for the single fragment case....Table 7.8 Value of (7.17) as a function of and for .Table 7.9 Medullary widths in microns of 220 cat hairs (Source: Based on Peab...Table 7.10 Value of the evidence for the medullary width of cat hairs for var...Table 7.11 Refractive index of fragments of float glass from buildings.Table 7.12 Coincidence probability and value of the evidence for the refracti...Table 7.13 Numbers of banknotes contaminated.Table 7.14 The value of evidence in comparing two binomial proportions for di...

8 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Probabilities of strong misleading evidence and weak evidence fo...Table 8.2 Eleven illustrative pairs of posterior probabilities and labels ...Table 8.3 Eleven sets of posterior probabilities and labels if is true a...

9 1Table A.1 Probabilities for the number of sixes, , in rolls of four fair six‐...Table A.2 Intermediate calculations for the variance of the number of sixes, Table A.3 Five measurements of medullary widths in microns of cat hairs.Table A.4 Values of cumulative distribution function and its complement fo...Table A.5 Probabilities for absolute values from the standard Normal distribu...Table A.6 Percentage points for the ‐distribution for given values of sampl...