Читать книгу History of Human Society - Frank W. Blackmar - Страница 18

I. Method of the Kind of Implements Used.

1. Paleolithic, or Old Stone, Age.

2. Neolithic, or New Stone, Age.

3. Incidental use of copper, tin, and other metals.

4. The making of pottery.

5. The age of bronze.

6. The iron age.

II. Method by Art Development.

1. Primitive drawings in caves and engraving on ivory and

wood.

2. The use of color in decoration of objects, especially in

decoration of the body.

3. Beginnings of sculpture and carving figures, animals,

gods, and men.

4. Pictorial representations--the pictograph.

5. Representative art in landscapes.

6. Perspective drawing.

7. Idealistic art.

8. Industrial arts.

III. Method of Economic Stages.

1. The Nomadic Stage.

2. The Hunter-Fisher Stage.

3. The Pastoral Period.

4. The Agricultural Period.

5. The Commercial Period.

6. The Period of Industrial Organization.

IV. Progress Estimated by the Food Supply.

1. Natural subsistence Period.

2. Fish and shell fish.

3. Cultivation of native grains.

4. Meat and milk.

5. Farinaceous foods by systematic agriculture.

V. Method of Social Order.

1. Solitary state of man (hypothetical).

2. The human horde.

3. Small groups for purposes of association.

4. The secret society.

5. The religious cult.

6. Closely integrated groups for defense.

7. Amalgamated or federated groups.

8. The Race.

VI. The Family Development.

1. State of promiscuity (hypothetical).

2. Polyandry.

3. Polygamy.

4. Patriarchal family with polygamy.

5. The Monogamic family.

VII. Progress Measured by Political Organization.

1. The organized horde about religious ideas.

2. The completed family organization.

a. Family. b. Gens. c. The Phratry. d. Patriarchal family. e. Tribe. 3. The Ethnic state. 4. State formed by conflict and amalgamation. 5. International relations. 6. The World State (Idealistic). VIII. Religious Development. 1. Belief in spiritual beings. 2. Recognition of the spirit of man and other spirits. 3. Animism. 4. Anthropomorphic religion. 5. Spiritual concept of religion. 6. Ethnical religions. 7. Forms of religious worship and religious practice. IX. Moral Evolution. 1. Race morality (gang morality). 2. Sympathy for fellow beings. 3. Sympathy through blood relationship. 4. Patriotism: love of race and country. 5. World Ethics. X. Progress Through Intellectual Development. 1. Sensation and reflex action. 2. Instinct and emotion. 3. Impulse and adaptability. 4. Reflective thought. 5. Invention and discovery. 6. Rational direction of human life. 7. Philosophy. 8. Science. XI. Progress Through Savagery and Barbarism. 1. Lower status of savagery. 2. Middle status of savagery. 3. Upper status of savagery. 4. Lower status of barbarism. 5. Middle status of barbarism. 6. Upper status of barbarism. 7. Civilization (?).