Читать книгу The Migration of North American Birds (1935) - Frederick Charles Lincoln - Страница 2

INTRODUCTION

THE MYSTERY OF MIGRATION

HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS

ADVANTAGES OF MIGRATION

THEORIES OF THE CAUSES OF MIGRATION

WHEN BIRDS MIGRATE

MOVEMENTS OF SPECIES AND GROUPS

NOCTURNAL AND DIURNAL MIGRATION

HOW BIRDS MIGRATE

SPEED OF FLIGHT AND SPEED OF MIGRATION

ALTITUDES AT WHICH BIRDS TRAVEL

ORIENTATION

SEGREGATION DURING MIGRATION

WHERE BIRDS MIGRATE

DISTANCES OF MIGRATION VARY

SHORT AND UNDETERMINED MIGRATIONS

VARIABLE MIGRATIONS WITHIN SPECIES

FALL FLIGHTS NOT FAR SOUTH OF BREEDING RANGES

LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATIONS

ROUTES OF MIGRATION

WIDE AND NARROW MIGRATION LANES

ATLANTIC OCEANIC ROUTE

ATLANTIC COAST ROUTE AND TRIBUTARIES

MACKENZIE VALLEY-GREAT LAKES-MISSISSIPPI VALLEY ROUTE AND TRIBUTARIES

PACIFIC COAST ROUTE

PACIFIC OCEANIC ROUTE

ARCTIC ROUTES

EVOLUTION OF MIGRATION ROUTES

VERTICAL MIGRATION

VAGRANT MIGRATION

PERILS OF MIGRATION

STORMS

AERIAL OBSTRUCTIONS

EXHAUSTION

INFLUENCE OF THE WEATHER ON MIGRATION

PROBLEMS OF MIGRATION

BANDING STUDIES

MOVEMENTS OF RESIDENTS

MIGRATION OF THE WHITE-THROATED SPARROW

MIGRATION OF THE YELLOW-BILLED LOON

CONCLUSIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX