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Contents

Acknowledgments

Series Editor’s Preface

Introduction

1 Historical Overview

The 1960s

The 1970s

The 1980s

The 1990s

2000 and Beyond

2 Defining Basic Writing and Basic Writers

Early Definitions

Basic Writing as a Fix-It Station

Basic Writing as a Back Formation of First-Year Composition

A Sense of Mission and Purpose

Adjustments and Revisions

Cognitivist Definitions

Contextual Definitions

Prescribing Without Defining

Initiation as a Goal

Problems with Initiation as a Goal

A Point of Crisis

The Vulnerability of Basic Writing

The Crisis as Reflected in the Journal of Basic Writing

Climate Change for Basic Writing

Responding to Calls to Eliminate Basic Writing

“Our Apartheid”

Context-Contingent Definitions

“Basic Writing at a Political Crossroads”

Capitulating on Definition

3 Practices and Pedagogies

Error

Teaching Complication 1: The Need for Complexity

Teaching Complication 2: The Need for Tolerance

Teaching Complication 3: The Need (Still) for Correctness

Teaching Complication 4: The Need for Process Analysis

Teaching Complication 5: The Need for Interpretation

Teaching Complication 6: The Need for Negotiation

Teaching Complication 7: The Need for (and Lack of) Consensus

Assessment

Teaching to the Test

Teacher Resistance to Institutionally Imposed Testing

State-Mandated Testing

Teaching

The Importance of Process

Cognitive Schemes and Their Limitations

A Grab Bag of Instructional Strategies

Facts, Artifacts and Counterfacts: A Redefined Teaching Project

The Politics of Identity

Literacy as a Social Practice

Experiments in Mainstreaming

The Fragmentation of the Teaching Enterprise

4 Research

Error

Insights from Linguistics

Error Analysis

Upholding the Standard

Changing Attitudes toward Error

Error Recognition

Assessment

Foundational Work in Mass Testing

Disillusionment with Holistic Assessment

Not How to Test, But Whether

Alternatives to Established Assessments

High Schools as Gatekeepers

Process

Writing Process(es)

Thinking Process(es)

Cognition or Discourse Conventions?

Academic Literacy

Attitudes and Identities

The Conflict Within, the Conflict Without

Case Studies of Conflict and Struggle

5 The Future of Basic Writing

Political Portents

Questioning the Value of Remediation

Real-World Repercussions

Basic Writing Under Siege from Within

Arguing for Abolition

The Great Unraveling

Basic Writing Revised

Public Policy and Basic Writing

Alternative Program Structures

Basic Writing for the Twenty-First Century

Anticipating the Need

Examining Costs and Benefits

Appendix: Basic Writing Resources

Bedford Bibliographies for Teachers of Writing

CompPile

Conference on Basic Writing

Basic Writing e-Journal

CBW Facebook Page

CBW-L

CBW SIG at CCCC

CBW Workshop on Basic Writing

National Survey of Basic Writing Programs

Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC)

Council of Writing Program Administrators (WPA)

International Writing Centers Association

Journal of Basic Writing (JBW)

Journal of Developmental Education

National Association for Developmental Education (NADE)

Teaching Basic Writing

Teaching Developmental Writing: Background Readings

The WAC Clearinghouse

Works Cited

Index

About the Authors

Basic Writing

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