Читать книгу History of Toronto and County of York, Ontario - Graeme Mercer Adam - Страница 5

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AMES ACHESON was born in the County of Leitrim, Ireland, in 1810, being the sixth in a family of ten children. His parents were Thomas Acheson and Elizabeth Clark. In 1822 the family came to Canada and located on a cleared farm of two hundred and fifty acres near Brockville, where the mother died, aged ninety-four; in 1841 the father returned to Ireland, where he died at the age of eighty-six. James Acheson spent his early life on the farm, and was educated in the common schools. In 1827 he went to Brockville to learn the trade of a tanner with Isaac Beacher; he spent four years there. In 1831 he came to Toronto and began work with the late Jesse Ketchum. In 1839 he started business for himself, east of the Don, in a tannery owned by one John Smith; but in two years he gave it up and went to Ireland for his health, where he remained eighteen months. On his return he built a tannery on Yonge Street and ran it for three years, at the end of which Mr. Ketchum gave him his business. He carried that on for three years, and then removed to Charles Small’s farm on the Kingston Road, where he built a tannery, which was soon afterwards burned down. He then occupied a tannery which was built on the present site of the Union Station. When that property was sold to the Grand Trunk Railway he went to Acton, where he built a tannery in partnership with Alexander McGlashan. On the latter’s death, at the expiration of five years, Mr. Acheson retired and removed to Toronto, where he now lives at 40 Maitland Street. In politics he is a Reformer. In 1845 he married Mary, daughter of John Hamilton, by whom he had one child, now dead.

William Case Adams, dentist, was born in the Methodist parsonage at Lundy’s Lane, near Niagara, on the 18th October, 1823, and is the third son of the Rev. Ezra Adams, U. E. Loyalist and Methodist minister, whose first circuit, in 1814, extended from Rama, on Lake Simcoe, down Yonge Street to York, and west to St. Catharines and Newark (now Niagara), thence to Queenston and on to Long Point, taking six weeks for the trip. Owing to the lack of postal communication, Mr. Adams carried letters for such as wished, this being the only way then of conveying news to friends at a distance. The early education of Dr. Adams was chiefly by his mother, who was a school teacher previous to her marriage. After spending some time studying he went to Victoria College, Cobourg, and from thence to Highblue, Missouri, where he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Berryman. He returned to Canada and finally turned his attention to dentistry, studying about a year with Dr. Harris and a year with a Dr. Jones, when he settled in Toronto, on King Street, in 1854. In 1870 he was elected one of the teachers in the Dental College and Infirmary, which position he held until 1873. Dr. Adams is possessed of considerable mechanical skill, and has invented an appliance for removing roots and decayed stumps of teeth. With this instrument stumps and roots can be removed from the mouth with ease when all other known methods have failed. He was admitted a member of the American Dental Convention at Saratoga, which society changed its name from the American National Dental Convention in order to admit him and others from Canada. He is also a member of the Masonic body and Royal Arcanum, and is a member of the Methodist Church.

William Adamson, wharfinger, was born in Heden, Yorkshire, England, in 1822, being the second son in a family of six children. In the following year his father, Joseph Adamson, who was a doctor, came to Canada with his family, and located in the township of Toronto, where he continued the practice of his profession until his death in 1852. He purchased four hundred acres of land in that township; those farms are now in the possession of his sons James and Alfred, and his daughter, Mrs. Shyman. During the Rebellion Dr. Adamson served as a surgeon in the First Battalion of Incorporated Militia, under his brother, the Hon. Peter Adamson, who was colonel of the regiment. The Hon. Peter J. Adamson, R.J.S., was a member of the Legislative Council of Upper Canada until the Union in 1841; he came to Canada in 1821. Before he came out he had served for many years in the British army; he entered at the age of fifteen and rose to the rank of Major in the 71st Highlanders and Lieutenant-General in the Portuguese service. In 1853 the subject of this sketch was married to Rachael, eldest daughter of Wm. Rutherford, by whom he had five sons and two daughters living. He served during the Rebellion in the First Battalion of Incorporated Militia as lieutenant under his uncle. It was in 1854 that he began business as a wharfinger. In religion Mr. Adamson is a member of the Church of England; in politics he is a Conservative. From 1864 to the present time he has represented St. David’s and St. Thomas’ Wards in the City Council.

Major D. H. Allan is a native of Perth County, Ontario. His father, the late Rev. Daniel Allan, of Goderich, was one of the pioneer Presbyterian clergyman of Western Ontario. After several years of missionary service, he was for about forty years pastor of the North Easthope Presbyterian congregation. On retiring, which he did some nine years ago, he took up his residence in Goderich, which he died on the 10th of December last, at the advanced age of seventy-nine years. His son, the subject of our present sketch, has been a resident of this city since 1866, and for two years studied law in the office of Paterson, Harrison & Paterson. For some reason or another he gave up the idea of following the legal profession and engaged in business as real estate agent, in which line he has been more than ordinarily successful. Major Allan joined the Queen’s Own Rifles as a private at the time of the Fenian Raids of 1855, and has kept up his connection with the regiment ever since; his soldierly and earnest attention given to all matters that would add to the reputation of the corps, receiving due reward in promotion as rapid as it is was deserved. He now holds a first-class Military School certificate and is Senior Major of his regiment

Jerome Alley, 519 Sherbourne Street, was born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1810. He came to Canada in 1830, and taking an official position under Government served the State in various departments until 1874, when he retired. Mr. Alley has six children living, three sons and three daughters, viz., Henry R., Education Department; John A. M., accountant, Federal Bank: Alfred R., insurance agent, Chicago; Celia; Emma; and Kate, wife of Allan Harvey, Bank of British North America, London, England.

James Armstrong was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, 1813, and came to Canada in 1832. During the voyage he had a terrible experience of the dreaded disease cholera, which broke out on the vessel, and out of three hundred passengers thirty-one were committed to the deep. He was a farmer in Ireland and for some short time followed that occupation here, afterwards conducting a saw-mill in Bear Creek, which he continued some years. During the Rebellion of ’37 our subject was in 101 Company, commanded by Major Gurnett, and was on guard during the execution of Lount and Matthews. After this affair was over Mr. Armstrong settled in Toronto. In 1840 he married Ann Durnan, whose father had charge of the lighthouse until 1854. Mr. Armstrong retired from business about six years ago, selling his farm for some property. He has two sons in Toronto. He is a member of the Conservative Party, and in religion belongs to the Presbyterian Church.

Thomas Armstrong is a native of Fermanagh, Ireland, being the only son of John Armstrong, merchant, who came to Toronto about 1825, and died in 1848. He was a member of the first Council of this city on receiving its charter of incorporation, and represented the Ward of St. Andrew’s until the time of his death; the Ward showing its appreciation of his success and honouring his memory by electing his son as successor. Mr. Thomas Armstrong in 1880 was appointed to a position in the Custom House.

G. W. Badgerow, M.P.P., is a native of this county, born near Markham. His father, a native of the State of New York, came to Canada in 1810. Our subject received his professional education in this city, in the same building as his office is now located (Ontario Hall). He was called to the bar in 1871, and has since practised his profession in this city. He is Past Grand Master of the United Workmen. He was elected a member of the Provincial Parliament in 1879 and re-elected in 1883. He is a member of the law firm of Badgerow & Galbraith.

Allen Baines, M.D., CM., L.R.C.P., London, England, is a native of Toronto, being the youngest son of the late Thomas Baines, one of the pioneers of the brewing interest in this city, who was born in Shropshire, England, and came to Canada in 1826, and for a number of years was Crown Land Agent. He died in Toronto in 1866, at the age of sixty-seven. Dr. Allen Baines was educated at Mr. Barron’s school, Cobourg, and at the Upper Canada College, Toronto. He graduated M.B. in 1878 at Toronto University, and M.D., CM. in 1878 at Trinity College, Toronto. He studied at St. Thomas Hospital, London, England, and while there acquired, in 1879, L.R.C.P., London. He returned to this city and commenced practice in 1882. He is at present physician in attendance at the Home for Incurables, Toronto Dispensary, and Infants’ Home.

Dr. James Buchanan Baldwin is the son of William Augustus, second son of Dr. William Warren Baldwin. William Augustus Baldwin was twice married; his first wife was Isabel Clarke Buchanan, daughter of James Buchanan, British Consul, New York, by whom he had the following children: Phœbe, now Mrs. Lefroy, living in Toronto; James Buchanan, living in Toronto; W. Augustus, M.D.; Robert Russel; Æmilias, living in Muskoka; Isabel E., married to her third cousin, William Ross Baldwin, agent for the Duke of Devonshire, and now living in Ireland. His first wife died in 1850. By his second wife—Margaret Fry McLeod, daughter of Captain McLeod, Drynoch, Isle of Skye, of the 93rd Highlanders—he had the following children: Jane McLeod, now Mrs. Martin Graham, living in Rome, New York; Bessie, now living in the old homestead; Anna Maria Martin, who died 1883; Lawrence, living in the old home; Margaret, Norman, Charles and John. Dr. James Buchanan Baldwin was born in Toronto, July 14th, 1839. In 1872 he married the second daughter of Hon. J. C. Morrison of the Court of Appeal.

John Spread Baldwin, second son of Robert Baldwin, was married in 1822, to Ann, daughter of Major-General Shaw, and widow of Dr. Scott of the Royal Navy, by whom he had the following children: Harriet E., dead; John, dead; Edmund, dead; Louisa Isabella, dead; John Maurice; Frederick A., dead; and Arthur Henry. Edmund Baldwin was born in Toronto in 1826, and married Miss Grasett, by whom he had two children, Dr. E. St. George Baldwin, 51 Baldwin Street, and Rev. Henry Grasett.

The Hon. Robert Baldwin was born in Toronto, May 12th, 1804, at the old home on the corner of Front and Frederick Streets, and died December 9th, 1858. He had the following children: Maria, died 1865; William Willcocks Baldwin, Osgoode Hall; Augusta B., wife of the Hon. John Ross; Robert, 22 Carleton Street. William Willcocks Baldwin was born May 20th, 1830. Up till 1864 he was farming, but since that year he has held the position of Distributor of Law Stamps at Osgoode Hall.

Robert Baldwin, deceased, came with his family from the County of Cork, Ireland (where the Baldwins, of Norman descent, had lived for generations), in 1799, and settled on a farm in the Township of Clark. He had the following children: William Warren; Eliza, afterwards Mrs. John Morgan; Alice Anna Maria; John Spread, father of the late Canon Baldwin, of the present Bishop of Huron and of the Rev. A. H. Baldwin, of All Saints’ Church; Mary Warren. All his other surviving children also came to Canada between 1817 and 1819: Captain Augustus Baldwin (afterwards Admiral Baldwin); Captain Henry Baldwin; and Mrs. Sullivan, the mother of the late Judge Sullivan. William Warren Baldwin was born in the County of Cork, Ireland, in 1771, and graduated with the degree of M.D. at Edinburgh, Scotland. After coming to Canada he began to practise his profession and subsequently adopted that of law; and it often happened that while attending to a case in one of the law courts he would be called away to attend to the case of a sick person. In 1803 he married Phœbe Margaret, daughter of William Willcocks. At his death in January, 1844, he left two sons, the Hon. Robert Baldwin and William A. Baldwin.

Jerrold Ball, M.D., is a native of York County, having been born on his father’s old farm, where he lived until he was fifteen years of age. He attended the Public Schools and Grammar School in this city, matriculating in Toronto University in 1870, and graduating as M.B. four years later. He began the practice of medicine in 1875, which he has since continued with success. In 1881 he married Miss Emily Moore, of Toronto.

J. Balmer, Superintendent of the Necropolis, was born in County Down, Ireland, on the 8th March, 1819. He joined Her Majesty’s 38th Regiment of Foot in November, 1839. The Regiment until 1848 was stationed at Gibraltar, Ionian Islands, and Jamaica, when it was sent to Canada, and was stationed at Halifax for two years, then returned to England. Mr. Balmer remained in Canada, and joined the Royal Canadian Rifles. He was stationed at St. Johns, near Montreal. In 1856, when the Hudson Bay Company applied to the British Government for troops to protect their interests, which were threatened by the Indians, Mr. Balmer was one of the hundred men who were sent by the Government, and who arrived at York Factory on the shores of Hudson Bay in August, 1857. After remaining at York Factory for two weeks, they went to Fort Garry where they remained four years. In 1861 he returned to St. Johns, and completed his time, receiving his discharge with Sergeant’s pension in January, 1865. In 1870 he came to Toronto, and in the following year became superintendent of the Necropolis, which position he still holds. In 1851 Mr. Balmer was married at St. Johns to a daughter of Robert Carey, of Sligo, Ireland. He has three sons, two of whom are Methodist ministers. The elder, Robert Henry, is stationed at St. William’s (1884), and the other, William John, is an Undergraduate of Victoria University, Cobourg. His third son, George Francis, is a student in Upper Canada College, preparing for the University. His eldest daughter married Rev. J. B. Avison, who was pastor of the Don Mills Church (Methodist). He died in 1882. Mrs. Avison was again married to Rev. James Liddy, Methodist minister, in September, 1884. His second daughter Lina is married to G. T. Pendrith, machinist, of Toronto.

William Barchard, retired, was born in Ross, Yorkshire, England, in 1810. He was the fourth child of his father’s family. His parents were Peter and Ross (Turner) Barchard. In 1829 he married Sarah Calvert, born August 21st, 1810. He and his wife came to Canada in 1833, and on Saturday, August 11th, landed at Toronto; the steamer “William IV.” was burned to the water’s edge that night. He first located on a farm in Vaughan Township, about three miles from Stone Hollow, where he worked for fourteen months for Aaron Barker, who was married to his wife’s sister, and who paid him at the rate of $100 a year. He then went to work for a Dutchman named Baker, who was in the saw-mill business. In 1858 he began business for himself on the lot he now occupies, the whole extent of his capital at that time being $700. With this sum he purchased a lot of lumber, and making it into boxes sold them to the city merchants; on this he realized such a profit as to form a foundation for what is now a prosperous business. Mr. Barchard is a Reformer, and a member of the Methodist Church. By his marriage he had twelve children, of whom seven are now living. His eldest son, John Barchard, was living in Cincinnati at the breaking out of the American Civil War. He enlisted in the cavalry, and reached the rank of Captain, but was never heard of after the Battle of Gettysburg. Another son, George Edward, a brakeman, was killed at Nipissing by falling from a car. There are now two sons at home, William D. Henry, and Isaac James.

John Barron was born in Cumberland, England, in 1827. In 1832 his parents, John and Ann (Robson) Barron, came to Canada with their family, consisting of one son and four daughters. The family settled in Little York, and for ten years occupied a house in George Street, between Queen and Duchess Streets, which is still standing. About 1842 the father, who had been a farmer in England, took up fifty acres of land outside the city, on the east side of Yonge Street, where he lived until his death in 1862, aged sixty-nine years; his wife died in 1872. John Barron, our subject, was educated in Toronto, and until he was twenty-five years of age worked with his father on the farm. In the spring of 1852 he came to the city and began the business in the Market Square, remaining there for twenty-five years, when he removed to his present stand, 149 King Street East. Mr. Barron married Hannah Bond Herron, whose father was born in Toronto in 1807; she was the grand-niece of Captain Bond, who received large grants of land from the Crown. Mr. Barron has two sons and two daughters living in Toronto, John and William, Mary and Minnie. He is a member of the Methodist Church.

Charles R. Bell, real estate and insurance agent, was born in Milton, Cumberland, England, in 1820, being the only child of George and Mary (Ruddick) Bell. In 1835, when nearly sixteen years of age, he enlisted in the Cumberland Regiment, which, when formed, was known as the “Cumberland Sharpshooters.” In 1837 our subject, being an acting corporal, joined the regiment which was then stationed at Halifax. After spending some time in cities in the Maritime Provinces, he came to Toronto in the winter of 1837-38 and was made a staff-sergeant, and was afterwards stationed at Amherstburg for two years. On its return to England in 1840 Mr. Bell procured his discharge, and became a clerk in the office of Gamble & Boulton, on the recommendation of the late Lord Airey, remaining there ten years. In 1850 he became manager of Milton’s mill on the Humber, and in 1860 went to Pennsylvania, where he remained for two years engaged in railroad construction. On his return to Toronto he became book-keeper at Hurd & Leigh’s, where he was until 1865, when he became connected with the firm of Hewlett & Bell. He has been engaged in his present business since 1878; and represents two insurance companies, the Royal and the Liverpool. In 1842 he married a daughter of James Kennedy, by whom he had five sons and one daughter. One son is dead.

Charles T. Bell was born in Toronto in 1842, and is the son of Thomas and Catharine (Kendrick) Bell. His father was born in Little York, January 1st, 1803; his grandfather, Thomas Bell, senior, settling here before 1800, and taking part in the war of 1812-14. His father was a Justice of the Peace, and lived for some time in Newmarket. Our subject is connected with the mail department of the postal service between Toronto and Hamilton. His wife is a daughter of David Ross, of Queen Street West.

Robert Bell, M.P.P., was born in Toronto, and is the eldest son of John Bell, builder and contractor, who came to Canada from County Fermanagh, Ireland, in 1823; married, in 1827, Annie Anderson, and died in 1855. In 1853 Robert married Matilda, seventh daughter of Joseph Clegg, C.E., of County Monaghan, Ireland. In 1860 he was elected councilman for the Ward of St. Andrew’s, and served in that capacity until 1867, when he became an alderman until 1873. In 1872 he was elected to the Board of Water Commissioners, and in 1874 was made chairman of that body until its extinction in 1877. In 1875 he was first elected to represent West Toronto in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, and was re-elected in 1879.

Thomas Berney, caretaker of the Riverdale Park, is a native of the North of Ireland (Strabane), and came to Canada in 1850. He was variously engaged up to 1854, after which he kept an hotel on Yonge Street for about ten years. In 1880 he accepted the position as head caretaker of this beautiful park.

Thomas Best was born near Darlington, in the County of Durham, England, in 1821. He came to Canada in 1843, and engaged in the hotel business in Toronto. He was connected with the Bay Horse Hotel from 1844 to 1872, and has been living retired since the latter date at 33 Murray Street. Mr. Best was married in 1849 to Elizabeth Tindale; the issue of the marriage was five children. We may add that Mr. Best is one of the oldest living hotel proprietors in the city.

Dr. Norman Bethune is the son of the late Angus Bethune, who was born in 1793, at Carleton Island, in the River St. Lawrence, opposite Kingston; his grandfather, the Rev. John Bethune, of Williamstown, Glengarry, was chaplain to H. M. 84th Regiment, which was then stationed on that island. The Rev. John Bethune had the following sons: Angus Norman, who settled in Montreal, and was a merchant and Queen’s auctioneer; John, who became Dean of the Church of England Cathedral at Montreal; James, who lived at Cobourg; Alexander Neil, who became Bishop of Toronto; and Donald a well-known steamboat proprietor. Angus Bethune was engaged in the North-West and Hudson Bay Company’s service for fifty years. He came to Toronto in 1840, and at his death left five sons, Norman being the second. His wife was a daughter of Roderick Mackenzie. Dr. Norman Bethune was born at Moose Factory, Hudson’s Bay. He came to Toronto in 1840, was educated at Upper Canada College, and in 1843 began his medical studies. He graduated in the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1850, and in the following year began his practice in Toronto, which he has since continued with the exception of nine years in which he practised in Edinburgh. Dr. Bethune was for many years connected with the Medical School attached to Trinity College, in the organization of which he was largely interested.

Joseph Bickerstaff was born in the County of Armagh, Ireland, in 1832, and came to Canada in 1851. He located in Toronto, and began business as a grocer, which he continued for twenty years. In 1881 he received an appointment in the Custom House, and has charge of the Queen’s Warehouse. He is a member of the Orange Society, and the Church of England. He is a Conservative in politics. Mr. Bickerstaff married Elizabeth Moore, of the city; her father was Captain of a Company during the Rebellion of 1837.

John Bishop, retired, was born in Islington, near London, England. December 16th, 1799. His parents were John and Sarah Bishop. His father was a butcher, and previous to his arrival in Canada conducted a large business in London. He arrived in New York in 1816, from thence he removed to Toronto, and erected a small cottage in which the family lived for a short time, afterwards removing to a house on the west side of Market Square, which he built along with others in 1819. He followed his own trade successfully for a number of years, retiring from active participation in the business in 1833, being succeeded by his son William. In 1829 he built Bishop Buildings on Adelaide Street, a large row of brick houses, which are still standing. He died December 25th, 1845, aged seventy-five years, leaving a family of five children, of whom John was the second. William, the third son, succeeded to the father’s business, continued the same until 1852, when he retired. Mr. Bishop was a member of the old fire company in 1826. In politics he is a Reformer. In 1831 he married Jane Julia Rubergall, who died in 1841; his second wife was Christiana Ferrier, second daughter of the late R. C. Ferrier, baker.

Francis Blackstone, professor of music, was born in Chelsea, Brompton, England, in 1844, son of George Blackstone. His mother was a daughter of John Sartoris, who painted the celebrated racehorse Eclipse. He came to Toronto in 1871, where he has since lived, following the profession of music teacher.

John Netterville Blake, President of the Lake Simcoe Junction Railway, and for several years President of the Toronto Brewing and Malting Company, was born in Toronto in 1846. His father, the Rev. D. E. Blake, was born in Wicklow, Ireland, in 1806, and came to Canada in 1832. He was appointed by the Governor-General Rector of Adelaide, and settled in that Township; subsequently he became Rector of Thornhill, County of York, where he resided for many years. The subject of this sketch began to study law in 1863, and was called to the bar in 1869. In 1873 he originated the Lake Simcoe Junction Railway, and in 1880 became President of the Toronto Brewing and Malting Company. He is largely interested in the malting business. He is a Conservative, and a member of the York Pioneers.

Joseph Bloor, deceased, was born in Staffordshire, England, in 1789, where he acquired his education and spent the earlier portion of his life. He married Sarah Lees of the same place, and in 1819 came to Canada and settled in the County of York with his family. He located in Toronto, where he kept an hotel on King Street, and a few years later purchased a tract of land in Yorkville, east of Yonge, and opened out the great thoroughfare in the north of the city which bears his name. He divided his land into lots and erected many private buildings, and also engaged in the brewing business for a period of twenty years. He held a magistrate’s commission; in politics was strongly Conservative; and though in early life a member of the English Church, he subsequently identified himself with the Methodist Church, of which he proved a useful and earnest supporter, and contributed largely to the erection of the Bloor Street place of worship belonging to that body. After his death an appropriate slab was placed within the church to his memory by the congregation. Mr. Bloor was a member of the old Fire Brigade of York, and also of the St. George’s Society. At his death he left two daughters, Sarah and Eliza, the latter married M. W. Browne, of Hamilton.

John Bond was born in Devonshire, England, in 1810, and came to Canada with his father when quite a child. His father was a sergeant-major in the British Army and served in the war of 1812-14, having fought at Lundy’s Lane, Chippewa, Fort Erie and Queenston Heights. He received his discharge at Kingston in 1817, and engaged afterwards in contracts for the Government. He died in this city on July 4th, 1853. His son, whose name appears at the head of this sketch, passed his early life in Kingston, removing from thence to this city in 1834; and having previously learned his trade of cabinet-maker, commenced business at 154 King Street East, which he conducted for thirty years, afterwards retiring. Mr. Bond served with credit during the Rebellion of ’37, and was sergeant in the corps commanded by Colonel Thomas. We ought not to omit to mention that his father had charge of the cannon at the skirmish of Montgomery’s tavern. Mr. Bond is a devoted adherent of the Roman Catholic faith, and in politics has thrown in his lot with the Reform Party. He married, in 1833, Catharine Gorman.

George Bostwick. The grandparents of our subject, John and Mary (Lardner) Bostwick, were of English origin, having emigrated from England to the United States previous to the American Revolution. They took up their residence upon the present site of the city of Baltimore. The grandmother was a niece of the Rev. Dionysius Lardner, LL.D., F.R.S. (Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh). Baltimore was the birthplace of a numerous progeny of descendants, of which Lardner, the father of our subject (so named in honour of the illustrious divine) was born in 1774; his early life was passed in that city until 1808, when he came to Niagara, where he married Sarah Bradshaw, and came to York two years later. He was a participant in the battle of York during the War of 1812, and was also a prisoner at its capitulation. After peace was declared he drew three hundred and fifty acres of land in the London district, although he never cleared or improved it. In 1810 he purchased one and one-fourth acres upon the south-east corner of King and Yonge Streets, for which he paid three hundred and fifty dollars, which he retained until his death. Upon this property he erected suitable buildings and embarked in the manufacture of carriages, in which business he was engaged for many years. In politics he was a Baldwin Reformer, and sat in the old Council of York with Wm. Lyon Mackenzie, when the city was first incorporated. His death occurred in 1834, at which time he left a family of seven children—three sons and four daughters. George, our subject, was the second eldest, born at York, on the 22nd March, 1811. He received his early education at the primitive schools of that day, and early acquired of his father the trade of carriage making. Upon the death of the latter he succeeded him in business, which he conducted for several years. In 1836 Mr. Bostwick took up his residence on the west side of Yonge Street, on the northern portion of what was then the city limits, and was elected a member of the Council Board in the Village of Yorkville. In 1850 he was commissioned magistrate by the late Hon. Robert Baldwin, in which capacity he has ever since acted. During the crisis of ’37 he firmly adhered to the principles of responsible government as advocated by the Reform party, and has since lived to see those blessings shared in by those who were then his strongest political enemies. In 1840 Mr. Bostwick married a daughter of Robert Ferrier, from Aberdeenshire, Scotland, by whom he had one son and four daughters. His son, George F. Bostwick, represents the extensive manufacturing firm of Goldie & McCulloch, safe manufacturers, of Galt, Ont., whose office and warerooms are at No. 50 Church Street, Toronto. The second daughter married John S. Mayfair, of the old-established wholesale dry-goods house of Bryce, McMurrich & Co., Yonge Street; third, Mrs. J. H. Macdonald; fourth, Mrs. David Denne, of Montreal; fifth, Jessie, resides at home. Lardner, brother of our subject, was born at York, June 20th, 1815; educated at Thomas Appleton’s district school at the old market place on King Street; 1837, was a student with Dr. Morrison; 1842, he married Eliza Kennedy; one year later moved to Chicago, where he was three years engaged in the dry-goods business; then settled at Minneapolis, where he studied law and was admitted to the Bar, and subsequently elected Judge of the Surrogate Court.

JAS. B. BOUSTEAD.

James B. Boustead is the only son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Bell) Boustead, and was born at Carlisle, Cumberland, England, in 1833. His father was educated for an Episcopal clergyman, but after completing his education, he emigrated to the County of York, Upper Canada, and settled at Newtonbrook in the year 1832, where he died in January following, leaving a son and daughter, of whom our subject was the youngest. After completing his education, at the age of twenty-one he entered the well-known dry-goods house of John Macdonald, remaining one year, then for the five years following he had charge of a large milling business at Hillsburg. In 1857 he returned to Toronto, and engaged in the wholesale provision trade until 1874, when he became connected with the fire and life insurance business, which he has conducted until the present time. He now represents the “Citizens,” and “Union Scottish” Companies, and is also an issuer of marriage licenses, and a magistrate for the County of York. Mr. Boustead was elected to a seat in the City Council Board as early as 1865, first representing St. David’s and later St. James’ Wards; he filled the position for sixteen years, being one of the most active members of that honourable body. During the long period he sat in the Council he filled the position of chairman of some of its most important committees, notably the Fire, Water, and Gas Committees, and is entitled to the credit of reorganizing the Fire Department, and establishing the Fire Alarm system; he also obtained for the city, through his earnest exertions, the charter under which our present water-works were built, and which resulted in obtaining pure water from the lake. Mr. Boustead has taken a great interest in our educational institutions, having been a member of the School Board for some years. When the “Queen’s Own” was organized he was one of its first members, and he received his commission of Lieutenant; he was present and took part with his regiment at Ridgeway; he retired in 1867 with the rank of Captain. Mr. Boustead has also been actively engaged in church work, having been Superintendent of the Methodist Sabbath school in Yorkville from 1866 to 1876, and of the Metropolitan Methodist Sabbath School from 1878 to the present time. His life has been an active and busy one, and he has left his mark upon the city which he has made his home.

Samuel Bowman, retired, was born in the County Derry, Ireland, in 1812. His father was John Bowman, a farmer, and his mother a daughter of Joseph Thompson; they had seven children. The family came to Canada in 1832, landing at Quebec on June 4th. They remained at Quebec a few days and then went to Montreal, where, four days after they arrived, the father and one of the sons died. The family arrived at Toronto, August 9th, and took up their residence in a house on Yonge Street in which a man had died of cholera that morning, but fortunately none of them were infected. Samuel Bowman obtained work at teaming for a Mr. Clinkinbroomer, with whom he remained six months; then he became a porter in a store, helping a man named Ware, on the corner of King and Yonge Streets. In 1838 he commenced carting, and continued that until 1850, when he sold out and retired. During the Mackenzie Rebellion Mr. Bowman joined an independent company, and was present at the burning of Montgomery’s tavern. Mr. Bowman has only one brother living now; he resides at 142 Nelson Street.

William Briggs was born in Hull, Yorkshire, England, 1818, and came to Toronto in 1845. He is a builder and contractor, which business he conducted from the time of his arrival in the city until recently, when he retired from it, and is at present enjoying the ease and comfort he has deservedly earned. Mr. Briggs was the first settler on the fifteen acre lot where he resides (No. 9 Maitland Street). His wife was Mary Machin, a native of Selby, Yorkshire, England; she died in 1850.

John Bright. The Bright family are of English origin. John, the subject of this sketch is at the present time the eldest white male resident of Toronto. He was born at Three Rivers, Quebec, 1793, fourth son of Louis and Margaret (Brady) Bright, and came to York with his parents in 1802, being nine years of age. His father served seven years in the 42nd Regiment of His Majesty’s Infantry during the Revolutionary War, at the close of which he came to Canada, having but three weeks to serve, when he arrived on what is now called King Street. Here he rented a slab shanty situated between York and Bay Streets (of a coloured man by the name of Franklin), into which he moved his family and wrought for some time as a stone-mason, but subsequently settled down to farming and butchering. He died at the ripe age of ninety-nine years and ten months, leaving six sons and six daughters. John attended the first school held in the county, on the corner of King and George Streets, Mr. Elihu Pease being the first teacher; at the age of thirteen was burned out and learned the trade of shoemaker, of Mr. Wallace, serving six years, which business he afterwards conducted for over forty years. He married in 1808, Nancy, third daughter of William Knott, a Revolutionary soldier who came to Canada with the “Queen’s Rangers,” and afterwards settled upon King Street, just east of the Mail buildings. Mr. Bright participated in the War of 1812, was at the battles of York, Stony Creek, Queenston Heights and Lundy’s Lane. In the latter engagement he received three wounds—first, by a bullet on the top of his head, taking off a portion of the scalp; second, through the sleeve of the right arm; and third, a shot in the left side. He belonged to the Infantry Corps, and at the battle of Queenston Heights he saw General Brock fall from his little bay mare which he rode, it having been presented to him by Adjutant Fitzgerald, or “Crazy Fitzgerald” as he was sometimes called. He saw his body carried from the battle-field by orderlies into a barn near by; was present at his death and burial. “We cried like good fellows when he fell.” Mr. Bright was in the last charge made upon the army at Queenston Heights, and saw many of the Americans leap over the side of the mountain in their efforts to escape, while others stole away amid the clouds of smoke that enveloped the place. After serving his time Colonel Fitzgerald tried to induce the regiment to which he belonged to re-enlist for three years by offering every able-bodied man three guineas; but they, not having had a change of clothing for three months, declined and returned home; after which he served twenty-seven years as assistant messenger under his father, who was chief messenger of the old Legislative Council of Upper and Lower Canada, while the Government buildings were at Toronto, Kingston and Montreal. He was present at the latter place when the buildings were burned. He also served twenty-seven years as Crier of the General Sessions and County Court, which office he still holds. During the Rebellion of 1837 he was a volunteer, while his father was doing garrison duty at the Parliament House. He and his brother Louis shouldered their muskets and joined the loyal forces at Montgomery’s tavern. He retains his mental faculties in a wonderful degree, and nothing affords him greater pleasure than to have an old friend or neighbour call and recount bygone scenes of his early life.

James Bright, 71 King Street East, blacksmith, and brother of the above, is the youngest son of the same family, was born in York in 1807, corner of Princess and Duke Streets. When fifteen years of age he learned the trade of blacksmith with his brother Louis, whose shop then occupied the north-east corner of King and York Streets, where the Shakespeare Hotel now stands. They wrought together for five years. In 1832 he married Amelia, daughter of Isaac Columbus, who was employed in the Garrison, being edge-tool maker and silversmith. He made a sword for General Brock, which he carried on the day of his death. Soon after Mr. Bright’s marriage he moved east of the Don and took up his residence at 71 King Street East, where he established himself in business as a blacksmith, and where he has ever since resided. Having seven sons and two daughters, the former having succeeded him in business.

John Bright, builder, was born in Toronto in 1842, his father being James Bright. He learned the trade of a carpenter before he was of age and worked at that until 1872, when he opened a grocery, flour and feed store on King Street East. In 1875 he gave up store-keeping and returned to his trade. In 1870 he married Emiline Louisa, daughter of Emerson Coatsworth, City Commissioner. He is a Conservative and a member of the English Church.

Thomas Bright, youngest son of John Bright, was born at Toronto 1837, was seven years engaged in the grocery trade, subsequently succeeded his father as Sheriff’s Officer and Crier of the Court of General Sessions, which office he has held for the past twenty-two years, and which has been filled by some member of the family since the establishment of the first Court in York. Mr. Bright has been twice married, first to Mary, daughter of Robert Hodgson, by whom he had four children, second to Ellen Brady. In politics he has been a strong Conservative, and a member of the Orange Society, and Church of England.

William Brodie, L.D.S., was born in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and was the son of George Brodie, a farmer in that district, who came to Canada in 1835, and settled on a farm in Whitchurch, where he died in 1882, at the advanced age of ninety years. During his residence in Whitchurch he took a lively interest in municipal affairs, and was for some time a member of the County Council. He was for a number of years an elder of the Presbyterian Church. He married Jane Milne, of Banff, only daughter of John Milne of that town, a vessel owner, who was lost at sea; she died in 1865 at Whitchurch. Mr. Brodie, the subject of this sketch, received his early education at Whitchurch, subsequently teaching school there for three years. He afterwards studied his profession, which he practised in Markham for two years, removing to Toronto in 1865. He has from its commencement been connected with the Toronto Natural History Society, and to his energy the institution may be almost said to owe its existence. He married Miss Jane Anna McPherson, eldest daughter of Alexander McPherson, farmer, of Scotch birth, who, as a contractor, had assisted in the construction of the Lachine Canal. He died at Whitby. Mr. Brodie’s residence is 325 Parliament Street.

J. BUGG.

John Bugg, deceased, the eldest of a family of seven children, born to William and Elizabeth (Walker) Bugg, was born in Yorkshire, England, February 6th, 1807. His early life was spent upon his father’s farm. Before he reached his majority he learned the trade of carriage and house building. Upon the death of his father he, being the eldest son, inherited all the property. After paying all claims upon the estate, he embarked for Canada, and arrived at Little York on June 19th, in the spring of 1831. It being Sunday, he immediately wended his way to church, and there found an old acquaintance in the resident pastor, who introduced him to Mr. Cawthra, then employed in the erection of the Ontario Parliament buildings, with whom he secured employment. After remaining in York one year he returned to England and brought the family back with him. After the completion of the Government work he began building for himself, and subsequently embarked in the lumbering and building business on a large scale, his yard being at the corner of Teraulay and Albert Streets. He also dealt largely in real estate, and purchased the McCauley estate, and opened Gerrard and Walton Streets. In 1837, during the Rebellion, the loyal forces were quartered at his residence, as at those of many others who were strong Reformers and advocated Responsible Government. Our subject took an active part in municipal matters, and was elected to a seat in the Council Board for St. Patrick’s Ward, when that Ward included the district at present covered by St. John’s, St. Stephen’s and St. Patrick’s. When St. Patrick’s Ward was subsequently divided he sat as alderman for St. John’s Ward, his term of service being thirteen years, and on every occasion but one he was returned at the head of the poll. As an alderman he united a progressive spirit with a careful regard to economy, a watchfulness over the city’s interests, and a firm adherence to his principles. As an instance of his firmness of character, it may be mentioned that for several years he formed one of a minority, composed of four aldermen, who strenuously opposed a number of measures which they considered detrimental to the city’s interests. In religion he was a Primitive Methodist, and was elected a life member of the Conference of that body. Soon after Confederation he was commissioned a Magistrate, in which capacity he acted many years. His wife was a daughter of the late John Purkiss, of Toronto. The fiftieth anniversary of their wedded life was celebrated on the 30th October, 1883. At his death he left three sons and two daughters: William, Charles, Joseph, Elizabeth and Sarah, now Mrs. Robert Jaffray.

James Bugg, farmer, and brother of the above, was fourteen years and six months old when he landed in York in 1833. He worked about one year for Mr. Northcott; the following spring he went to Thornhill and worked on a farm for about ten years; then was engaged as manager on a farm in Markham Township. In 1844 he married Rebecca, second daughter of Robert Mason, by whom he has three daughters. In 1850 he was chosen councillor for Markham Township, and in 1870 he received a Magistrate’s commission, but did not qualify until ten years later. In politics he is a Reformer, in religion a member of the Primitive Methodist Church. As a result of many years of honest toil, he has a beautiful farm in the Township of King, where he at present resides, and is one of the most substantial citizens in his municipality.

Alexander Burns was born in Enniskillen, County Fermanagh, Ireland, in 1837, and came to Canada in 1853. Previous to coming out he was for a short time in the grocery business, and on his arrival in Toronto continued the same business with his brother in a store at St. Lawrence Market. In 1869 he commenced a soda-water business on the corner of Young and Buchanan Streets, that part of the city being then all bush, which extended without a single break along the front of Yonge and College Avenue to Hayter Street. The trade conducted by Mr. Burns was one of the largest of its kind in the city, and proved very successful. He retired from business in 1881, since which time he has been living a quiet and retired life on the fruits of his former industry. In 1868 he married Miss Martha McDonald, by whom he has a family of three sons and three daughters.

David Burns, deceased, was born in the County Derry, Ireland, in 1803. He came to Canada in 1823, and engaged in the leather business at Little York, which proved so successful that he retired about twenty years before his death, which occurred in 1872. At the time of his death he owned a considerable quantity of real estate. He left surviving him a wife and three sons. The eldest, David Burns, is a civil engineer; the second, Robert, is studying medicine; and the youngest, Stephen, is engaged in the study of the law.

Horatio C. Burritt, M.D., C.M., was born at Smith’s Falls, Ontario, in September, 1840. He is the eldest son of Dr. Walter H. Burritt, who was born at Burritt’s Rapids, Ontario, in 1809; being the youngest son of Colonel Daniel Burritt and grandson of Daniel Burritt, one of the original United Empire Loyalists, who emigrated to Canada immediately after the American Revolution, and settled on the Rideau River, where the Village of Burritt’s Rapids now stands. The subject of our sketch was educated at Smith’s Falls Grammar School, Bishop’s College, Lennoxville, and McGill College, Montreal, from which latter institution he received the degree of M.D., C.M., in May, 1863. He spent some months, after graduating in Lincoln Hospital, Washington, D.C, as acting assistant surgeon during the American Civil War. Shortly after returning to Canada he settled in Morrisburgh, Ontario; in 1868 he removed to Peterborough, where he had a very extensive and lucrative practice for fourteen years; when he began to feel that if the incessant hard work, with the exposure, etc., were continued much longer it would seriously impair his health. To avoid such a calamity he disposed of his practice to Dr. Halliday, of Grafton, and removed to Toronto. On his departure from Peterborough he was presented with a most complimentary address and a magnificent epergne, by many of his staunch friends. In 1880 he was elected by the medical men of Newcastle and Trent Electoral Division, as their representative for five years in the Ontario Medical Council. During his two years’ residence in this city, he has acquired a successful and extensive practice. Dr. Burritt married in 1864, Maria Harriet, fourth daughter of James G. Rogers, Esq., of Grafton, Ontario.

Ephraim Butt, third son of Samuel Butt, weaver, was born in Stonehouse, Gloucester, England, on the 8th of March, 1822. His father, with his family, came to Canada and settled in Toronto, in the year 1832. He has been a resident of Toronto for fifty-two years. In 1844 he married Sarah, youngest daughter of James Davey, of Hull, England, by whom he had sixteen children. Of these only four survive, viz.: the eldest, Samuel James; Mary (now Mrs. J. H. H. Mottram, Detroit, U. S.); George (of Toronto); and the youngest, Henry John Wilkinson (of Detroit, U. S.). For forty years he has successfully carried on the general business of waggon-making, and for a number of years past of blacksmithing. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ephraim Butt have been devout members of the Wesleyan Methodist denomination since 1842, and since the year 1854 the former has been a class-leader. He is a brother of James Butt, whose first wife, now deceased, was a sister of Mrs. Ephraim Butt.

James Butt, retired, was born in Gloucestershire, England, in 1815. His parents were Samuel and Anne (Smith) Butt. His mother’s brother Charles was killed at the battle of Trafalgar, where he fought under Lord Nelson. His father came to Little York (now Toronto) in 1832, with his wife and seven children, of whom five are living and two are dead; he was a gardener by occupation, and worked for Dr. Widmer until his death in 1843. James Butt first worked for Mrs. Major Small, and then spent three years in learning the blacksmith trade with James Bright, who lived east of the Don. At the time of the Rebellion he was working for Louis Bright, who had a blacksmith shop in Toronto, where they did some work for the Government. In 1839 he commenced business for himself on Shuter Street, and continued it until 1867, when he retired. In 1840 he married Mary, daughter of James Davey, of Yorkshire, England, by whom he had five children; three are dead, and two—Charles E., living in Plainfield, New Jersey, and Richard II., living in Toronto—still survive. His first wife died in 1870, and he afterwards married Jane, daughter of John Purkiss, of Toronto. He has been connected with the Methodist Church since 1835.

Hon. Chief Justice M. C. Cameron, Toronto. Matthew Crooks Cameron, son of John McAlpin Cameron, was born at Dundas, Ontario, on the 2nd day of October, 1822. His father was a descendant of the Camerons of Fassifern, Scotland, and emigrated from Inverness-shire to Upper Canada, in 1819, settling at Dundas, where he engaged in the mercantile business; subsequently discharged the duties of Deputy-Postmaster under Thomas Allen Stayner, then the Imperial Postmaster-General for Canada, at Hamilton, and also Deputy-Clerk of the Crown for the then Gore District. Later he was student-at-law with Sir Allan MacNab, with whom he remained until he was appointed to the first permanent clerkship of committees in the Parliament of Upper Canada, from which office he went to the Canada Company’s office in Toronto, where he held an important position for many years. Coming to this part of the country as he did, when it was yet undeveloped, sparsely settled, and engaging in active life, Mr. Cameron became well and widely known. He died in Toronto in November, 1866, aged seventy-nine years. The name of our subject’s mother was Nancy Foy, a native of Northumberland, England. The education of Matthew Crooks Cameron was obtained first at a school at Hamilton, under a Mr. Randall, and afterwards the District School in Toronto, which he attended for a short time. In 1838 he entered Upper Canada College, where he studied until 1840, when in consequence of an accident when out shooting by which he lost a leg, he had to retire. Two years later he entered the office of Messrs. Gamble & Boulton, of Toronto, as student-at-law, where he remained until Hilary Term, 1849, when he was called to the bar of the Province of Ontario (then Upper Canada). He engaged in Toronto in the practice of his profession, first with Mr. Boulton, his former master. This firm continued until the law partnership of Messrs. Cayley & Cameron was formed, the senior member being the Hon. William Cayley, an English barrister, and at one time Inspector-General of the Province. In 1859 Dr. McMichael entered, the firm then becoming Messrs. Cayley, Cameron & McMichael. Later Mr. Cayley retired, and Mr. E. Fitzgerald became a partner in the business, and his name added to the name and style of the firm, remaining so for several years. On the retirement of Mr. Fitzgerald, Mr. Alfred Hoskin became a partner, and it remained Cameron, McMichael & Hoskin until the senior member’s elevation to the Bench in November, 1878. His appointment was the recognition of true merit and legal ability. As a lawyer he was eminent in every department of his profession, but particularly excelled before a jury; possessing an excellent power of analyzing and arranging facts, combined with an impressive manner of speaking, he delivered his arguments with a logical force and clearness rarely surpassed. The same qualities of mind may also be said to render his rulings and decisions on the Bench equally clear and explicit. He was created a Queen’s Counsel in 1863, and elected a Bencher of the Law Society of Ontario in 1871. The first public office held by Chief Justice Cameron was that of a Commissioner, with Colonel Coffin, appointed by the Government in 1852, to enquire into the causes of accidents, which had been of frequent occurrence, on the Great Western Railway. From 1859, when he represented St. James’s Ward in the City Council, he figured prominently in public life. In 1861, and again a few years later, at the solicitation of many citizens, he contested the Mayoralty unsuccessfully. In 1861 he entered the arena of political life, and sat for North Ontario, in the Canada Assembly, from the general election of that year until the general election of 1863, when he was defeated. But in July, 1864, he was re-elected for the same seat, which he continued to hold until Confederation, when he was again unsuccessful. At the general Provincial election in 1867 he was returned to the Ontario Parliament from East Toronto, and re-elected in 1871 and 1875. He was a member of the Executive Council in Ontario in the Sandfield-Macdonald Administration, from July 20, 1867, until the resignation of the Ministry, December 19, 1871, and with the exception of the last five months of this period, when he was Commissioner of Crown Lands, he held the offices of Provincial Secretary and Registrar. He was also leader, and a very able one, too, of the Opposition, from the general election in December, 1871, until appointed to the Judgeship in the Queen’s Bench, in November, 1878, which position he held until appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in 1884. While in politics Judge Cameron was a formidable opponent of the Reform Party, and aided in forming the Liberal-Conservative Association of Toronto; became its first president, and held that office until his elevation to the Bench. He was also vice-president of the Liberal-Conservative Convention which was assembled in Toronto, September 23rd, 1874. He was one of the promoters and became a Director of the Dominion Telegraph Company, and also of the Confederation Life and the Isolated Risk and Insurance Companies, all of which proved successful enterprises, and have become permanent institutions. In religious views Chief Justice Cameron adheres to the Church of England, of which he is a member, and is also a member of the Caledonian and St. Andrew’s Societies. On December 1st, 1851, he was married in Toronto, to Miss Charlotte Ross, daughter of William Wedd, Esq., of English birth, who immediately prior to his death resided in Hamilton, Ontario. She died January 14th, 1868, leaving three sons and three daughters, who are all still living in Toronto. The eldest son is Dr. Irving Heward Cameron, a practising physician of this city.

Thomas Campton is a native of Leicestershire, England, where he was born February 23rd, 1813. When eighteen years of age he joined the 68th Regiment, British army, and by good conduct attained the rank of sergeant. During his years of service, he spent some time at Gibraltar and Jamaica; and from the latter station he removed with his regiment to Canada. While here he obtained his discharge from the army, and at once came to Toronto, where he established himself in the grocery business. This was in 1842, and three years later he removed to Collingwood, then a new settlement, where was born to him a son; the first white child there. In 1850 he returned to Toronto, where he engaged in the meat business, from which he retired in 1881, and has since lived in private life.

Frederick Chase Capréol. The name of this gentleman, one of the oldest residents of Toronto, connected as it is with the organization, and carrying out of the first railroad constructed in the Province, certainly deserves a prominent place in our pages. Mr. Capréol was born 10th June, 1803, and is the second son of Thomas Capréol, Esq., of Bishop Stortford, Hertfordshire, England. His pedigree on his father’s side is derived from the ancient and ennobled foreign family of the De Capréols, and on his mother’s side equally illustrious, as she was niece to the late Sir Richard Chase, and a relative by marriage of the late Marquis of Salisbury. Mr. Capréol first came to Canada in 1829 to assist in arranging the affairs of the old North-West Fur Company, and having fulfilled his part of the business returned to England in 1831. Two years afterwards he again came to Canada, and shortly after his arrival in New York, married a Miss Skyring, a lady who had been a fellow-passenger with him across the Atlantic. He proceeded to Toronto and determined to settle here, having purchased a large quantity of land at Port Credit. The result of this purchase was a long and tedious lawsuit, in which he was, however, successful. For some time he followed mercantile pursuits, but these he gave up when he conceived the idea of promoting the Northern Railway. It is a well-known fact that to Mr. Capréol the Northern Railway owes its existence, as it was he who projected it, and promoted the design, almost unaided, and at his own expense forwarded the preliminary arrangements. No one can fully estimate the benefits which the services of this gentleman in this respect conferred on Toronto and the country north of it. After the completion of the railway Mr. Capréol proceeded to Europe with his family and travelled on the continent, and whilst in London had the gratification of being presented with a handsome service of plate, given to him on behalf of the citizens of Toronto as a mark of their confidence, esteem and gratitude for the services which he had rendered to their city. Mr. Capréol was also the founder of the first Water and Gas Works in the city, and was once a member of the City Council. Mr. Capréol’s name is also associated with a noble piece of gallantry, which reflects not a little credit on his public spirit. In the month of July, 1843, a gentleman of the name of Thomas Kinnear, residing at Richmond Hill, a much esteemed citizen, together with his housekeeper, were brutally and barbarously murdered during the same day by two of his servants, who after the cold-blooded deed escaped to the United States. The city authorities would not take any action in the matter, and Mr. Capréol, hearing of the whereabouts of the murderers, chartered a steamboat, at twelve o’clock on Sunday night, and at a considerable sacrifice of time and money proceeded to Lewiston, where he succeeded in capturing the fugitives, and brought them to Toronto. They were tried, found guilty, one of them suffered the extreme penalty of the law, and the other, Grace Marks, was sentenced to the Penitentiary for life. A full account of this tragedy will be found in Chapter IV., page 32, of the History of the County of York, embodied in this work. Mr. Capréol on his return from the continent obtained a charter incorporating the Huron and Ontario Ship Canal Company, having for its object the building of a canal between Lakes Huron and Ontario to connect and improve Canada’s great water highway. His indomitable energy and pluck in endeavouring to secure the completion of this great work is well known to most of our citizens. Mr. Capréol has brought up a large family, three sons and eight daughters. His eldest son, J. Lonsdale Capréol, is Clerk, of the Executive Council of Ontario. His second son, Frederick Chase, is in the Department of the Interior, Ottawa. His third son, Alfred Reginald, is in the Imperial Bank. Of his daughters, only one is married, she is the wife of F. O. Cross, Esq., Manager of the Canadian Bank of Commerce at Woodstock.

Rev. John Carrroll, D.D., was born on Saltkill Island, Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick, on August 8th, 1809, being one of twin sons. He is the son of Joseph and Mary (Ridout) Carroll. In 1809 the family left New Brunswick, and after residing at Maford, Ten Mile Creek, Fairchild’s Creek and Grand River, settled in York at the close of the War of 1812. Their first habitation was a share of Artilleryman Elder’s hut on the west shore of the bay, an edifice which fully eighty years ago tumbled into the water. They next occupied a house at the corner of Duke and George Streets. As Joseph Carroll was a saddler and harness maker by trade he subsequently removed to the corner of Duchess and George Streets, where he opened the regimental harness shop of the 10th Regiment. John Carroll acquired an education at various York primary schools, and received a classical training at a higher school. He then commenced teaching, from which occupation he was called by the authorities of the Methodist Church to become a circuit preacher. He ultimately entered the regular ministry at the Conference of 1829, and continued his duties until 1870, when he was superannuated. During an active ministerial career of forty-two years, Dr. Carroll has been stationed at the leading cities and towns in the Province, among those being London, Hamilton, Ottawa, St. Catharines, Belleville, Prescott and Cobourg. While at the latter place he taught for a year at Victoria College, and attended classes in Greek, Hebrew and Philosophy. For twenty-five years he had charge of districts over some of which he travelled. In 1874 he received the degree of D.D. from the North Carolina State University. Since his superannuation Dr. Carroll has spent his time writing books, chiefly of a religious character. Among them are “Case and His Contemporaries, a History of Methodism in Canada,” “Life of Father Carson,” “Methodist Baptism,” “Exposition Expounded, Defended and Supplemented.” He died at his residence in Toronto after a brief illness, December 13th, 1884, and was buried at St. Catharines.

Robert Carroll, of Carroll & Dunspaugh. His father was born in the north of Ireland, where he acquired the building business with his father, who was a Government contractor for many years. He continued with him until he emigrated to Canada in the year 1831, and followed the same line of business in the City of Toronto until his death in the year 1868. His wife, Mary McCallen, was born in the same place. She was the daughter of a farmer, who was of Scotch descent, who now lives on Ontario Street, aged seventy-seven years. On leaving the Old Country they had one daughter, who died on the voyage out. While in York he had three sons, James, Matthew and Robert. James died in Lockport, N. Y., to which place his parents moved from Canada, they lived there for six years, during which time three daughters were born, Mary Jane, Anne and Alvarina, the latter died in Buffalo, whither her parents had moved, after ten months trial of Pittsburgh, and where they resided over two years. They returned to Toronto in 1845, and made it their home for life, where another son was born, James W. (1845), who married Sarah Morrison, sister of James Morrison, brassfounder, Adelaide Street West. He went to Winnipeg, where he now resides with his wife and one son, having lost three daughters in Toronto. Matthew married in Toronto and made his home in New York, U. S., and died there in 1869, leaving a wife, son, and one daughter, who now resides in Toronto. Mary Jane married J. Segsworth, wholesale jeweller and importer, Wellington Street East, near Yonge, son of John Segsworth, an old pioneer who emigrated from Yorkshire, England, to Little York in the year 1831, and who carried on a successful business as waggon-maker on Richmond Street West, from which he retired on a competency, and died in the old homestead in 1871. Mary Jane is now the mother of eleven children, ten of whom are now living with her and her husband at 137 Church Street. Anne was married to Mr. D. J. Bradley, from Yorkshire, England, engaged in the dry-goods line; she had seven children, four of whom are now alive, one son and three daughters. Robert, the subject of this sketch, was educated at the old Model School, which stood on a site of the residence of the present Lieutenant-Governor. He learned the building business with the firm of Metcalf, Wilson & Forbes, during which time they had the contract for St. James’ Cathedral, Trinity College, Normal School, and the old Post Office, on the west side of Toronto Street. After his apprenticeship he commenced business as builder and contractor. He married Catharine Jamieson on 15th December, 1864, daughter of Wm. Jamieson, lumber merchant, one of the old pioneers from Ayrshire, Scotland, who arrived in Little York in 1831 and died in 1875, by whom he had six daughters. Three are now alive: the eldest, Catharine Marion, Hamilton; second, Mary Louise; the youngest, Elma Burns. Their mother died April 18th, 1883. He continued in the same business until he formed a partnership in the year 1868 with his brother-in-law, W. M. Jamieson, in builders’ supplies. The latter was a prominent Mason and York Pioneer, having come to Canada with his father when seven years old. He continued this business until the death of W. M. Jamieson in 1877, after which time W. F. Dunspaugh took his place (1879) in which he, W. F., continued until he effected another partnership with Francy, on the Ohio River, U. S., for the manufacturing of sewer pipes, which firm is known as the Great Western Fire Clay Company, Toronto, Jefferson County, Ohio, U. S. His father, W. H. Dunspaugh, took his place in the old firm 1882, which now stands Carroll & Dunspaugh, dealers in and importers of sewer pipe and general builders’ supplies, 66 Adelaide Street West.

John Joseph Cassidy, M.D., was born in Toronto, of Irish parents, in 1843. He received his early education at a private school, and also at a school taught by the Christian Brothers. At the age of eleven years he was sent to St. Michael’s College, Toronto, where he remained six years, afterwards spending three years at Ste. Anne de la Pocatiere, Province of Quebec. In 1864 he matriculated in medicine in Toronto University, graduating as M.B. in 1868, and as M.D. in 1869. At the examination for M.B. he carried off the Star gold medal for Anatomy. He began the practice of medicine in this city in 1868, and has now accumulated a large and prosperous patronage. In 1868 he was appointed physician to the House of Providence, Toronto, and he remained the sole medical attendant of that institution for seven years. In 1869 he was appointed a member of the visiting staff of the Toronto General Hospital, a position which he maintained until 1884, when he was transferred to the consulting staff. He is a member of the Provincial Board of Health of Ontario, being the committee on “the heating and ventilation of buildings,” and a member of the committee on “publication.” Dr. Cassidy married, in 1878, Miss A. A. Messner, of Formosa, Bruce County, Ont. He is a Catholic.

The Cawthra Family.—In the beginning of the present century Joseph Cawthra came from England to America and settled on a grant of land still in the possession of his descendants near Port Credit, where, among the Indians, the name “Etobekous” was given him and his family, from the number of elder trees on the shore; Etobicoke being the Indian name for elder tree. Mr. Cawthra’s enterprise soon brought him to Toronto, then called York, where he opened the first wholesale business established there, and where for many years he was a prominent citizen, and died at an advanced age in 1842. His widow survived him and died at the age of eighty-six, in Toronto, in 1847. Their second son, John Cawthra, served his country in the War of 1812; he was with General Brock at the capture of Detroit, and at Queenston. He settled at Newmarket, and represented the County of Simcoe in the Parliament of Upper Canada as its first member, on its separation from the County of York. He died at Newmarket in 1851, leaving three sons and one daughter. William Cawthra, the youngest son of Joseph Cawthra, was for many years a well-known citizen of Toronto. After his education, first in the early school of Archdeacon Stuart, and afterwards at Montreal, he remained with his father in business in Toronto, and though he took an active and prominent part in the stirring political events of those early days, he never entered Parliament, although often solicited by his party and friends to do so. He married Sarah Ellen, daughter of the late J. Crowther, who survives him. He died at Toronto in 1880, in the seventy-ninth year of his age.

James Chamberlin, hotel-keeper, Toronto, was born in this city in 1847. His father, Erial Chamberlin, was born in Albany in 1793, and at the close of the War of 1812 removed to Canada and located on land about fourteen miles out of Yonge Street, where he lived until his death. His mother was Mary Fulton, who was born in Richmond Hill. Her father was Colonel James Fulton, who fought in the War of 1812 and who died of cholera at Little York. While the custodian of some valuable despatches he was taken prisoner at Niagara by some Americans, but managed to get away from them; he was followed to an hotel which was surrounded all night by a guard, and in the morning was again taken prisoner, but again effected his escape. Mr. Chamberlin’s maternal grandmother was a Munshaw, the first family to settle upon a farm on Yonge Street. The Munshaws came to Little York from Pennsylvania in an ox-cart by way of Hamilton. Mr. Chamberlin has been in the hotel business for about four years and is married to a daughter of William Funston, of this city. His brother Charles, a builder, lives at 450 Parliament Street. When the Munshaw family landed in Little York, one log building used for a custom-house was all the signs of civilization to be seen.

Colonel William Chewett was born in London, England, 21st December, 1752. In early life he was educated with a view of entering the East India Company’s service, and at the age of eighteen years passed his examination and received an appointment as engineer and hydrographer, with orders to sail for the East. Unfortunately he was attacked with small-pox shortly before the departure of the vessel to which he was appointed, and was left in England. On his recovery he decided upon going to America, and sailed for Quebec in 1771... He very soon received full employment from the Government in surveying, making charts and maps of the rivers and country in the neighbourhood. When the American Revolutionary War, which broke out in 1775, extended to Lake Champlain and the vicinity of Quebec, Mr. Chewett served in the Quebec Militia, and in the course of the siege, when off duty, assisted in the engineers’ department. After the defeat of the Americans he was appointed acting pay-master of works to the Engineers’, Quartermaster’s and Naval Departments for the Ports of St. John, Isle aux Noix, and their dependencies on Lake Champlain, in which office he remained until 1785. In 1786 he took charge of the District of Lunenburg, formerly called the Eastern District of Upper Canada, and now comprising the easternmost counties of Ontario, and there surveyed land and located the disbanded troops and loyalists. It was while there engaged that he met and afterwards married, in 1791, a Scottish lady (Isabella) the daughter of Major Archibald Macdonnell, of the Long Sault, whose family left Scotland on account of their active and rebellious support of the cause of the Pretender. In 1792 he was employed, under Governor Simcoe at Kingston, in reconstructing the map of the Province by dividing it into new Districts and Counties, previous to its being separated into Upper and Lower Canada. In 1796 he accompanied Governor Simcoe to Newark (Niagara) which was the temporary seat of Government till removed to Toronto, where he was employed in surveying and preparing buildings for its reception. He also about this time (1779) commenced the erection of a house for his own use, which he afterwards occupied until his death, and which is still standing (1885) somewhat modified by an additional storey. In 1802, upon the retirement of Mr. Surveyor-General Smith, he was appointed Deputy Surveyor-General, conjointly with Mr. Ridout, who afterwards received the appointment of Surveyor-General. During the American War of 1812-14 he was in command of the 3rd Regiment of York Militia and in the battle of York, 27th April, 1813, he was, in the absence of Major General Sheaffe, in command of the forces; and when the townspeople capitulated to the greatly superior numbers of the Americans, he, with Major Allen, arranged the terms for the surrender of the town. In the engagement, while riding with Captain Loring, of the 104th Regiment, he was severely injured by the explosion of the powder magazine which caused so great a loss of life among the American troops. After the war he continued to serve the Government until 1832, when he was allowed to retire on full pay after a service in numerous departments for upwards of fifty-eight years. Colonel Chewett died in Toronto on 19th September, 1849, at the advanced age of ninety-seven years.

James Grant Chewett, eldest son of Colonel Chewett, was born 9th November, 1793, at Cornwall. In early life he was educated at the then historical school, in that town, kept by the late Bishop Strachan; he afterwards was engaged in the surveys which his father superintended, and for thirty years he was employed by the Government in what was then known as the Surveyor-General’s Department. He ultimately became Deputy Surveyor-General of the Upper Province, and retired with a pension when the seat of Government was removed to Kingston. During the War of 1812 he served in his father’s regiment, and actively assisted in blowing up the powder magazine. In 1826 Mr. Chewett married, at Toronto, Martha Smith, second daughter of Richard Robison, who was of Scottish descent and born in L’Assomption, 1780, and afterwards settled at Napanee, where he formed a business partnership with Mr. Cartwright. In 1832 Mr. Chewett commenced on his property, at the corner of King and York Streets, a block of buildings, afterwards known by his name, one of which formed in those days a large and commodious hotel, kept by a Mr. Keating under the name of the British Coffee House. In 1835, as one of the City Fathers and Chairman of the Finance Committee, he arranged the system of one and two dollar debentures redeemable in one year with interest, and which then passed current in Canada as money. The few still outstanding are greatly prized by the curious. After Mr. Chewett’s retirement from public life he took an active part in the management of the Bank of Upper Canada, of which he was many years the Vice-President. From that establishment he passed to the Presidency of the Bank of Toronto when that institution was organized, and remained in office until his death, which occurred suddenly on 7th December, 1862. Mr. Chewett’s kindliness of disposition and gentlemanly manners made him a universal favourite. He was thoroughly acquainted with the country in which he was born and brought up, and to the close of his life took an active and intelligent interest in everything which transpired. Mr. Chewett left issue two sons and a daughter; the eldest, Dr. William C. Chewett, was born in Toronto, 16th August, 1828, was educated at the Upper Canada College, and afterwards took the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the University of Toronto in 1851, the first regular student of that institution upon whom the degree had been conferred. Dr. Chewett never practised his profession, but turned his attention to other pursuits. He married, in 1857, Maria Susan, second daughter of Henry Ranney, Esq., an English gentleman now deceased, who settled many years ago in Ohio. Dr. Chewett, with his family, now owns the entire stock of the Rossin House Hotel Company; the land on which the hotel stands being in the family since the original grant from the Crown.

George Cheyne is a native of Tyrone, Ireland, and came to Canada in 1830. On his arrival he bought one hundred acres of land in the County of Peel, and at once proceeded to farm it, having in early life been brought up to that occupation. He remained here about thirty years, and after spending ten years in Orangeville he came to Toronto, where he has since resided. He married in 1831 Miss Walker, daughter of Robert Walker, of Toronto Township, by whom he had a family of six sons and three daughters; three sons and three daughters are living. Mr. Cheyne is a Conservative in politics, and in religion belongs to the Canada Methodist Church.

Alexander Chisholm, deceased, was born at Cromarty, on the Highlands of Scotland. He came to Canada with his parents; his father settled at Kingston, and served during the War of 1812, and subsequently died at Owen Sound. Alexander settled at York in 1848, where he was married, by the late Dean Grasett, to a daughter of Lawrence Burns. He soon afterwards engaged in the grocery and dry-goods trade, for several years. He was also manager for Isaac Gilmore and R. A. Hoskins, but owing to failing health he retired from business. He was a member of Holy Trinity Church for many years; at his death he left a family of one son and three daughters: Catharine, married Philip Dwyer, of Troy, N.Y.; Alicia, married William Keiting, of Portsmouth, England. The third daughter married Walter Page, a grocer, of Yorkville.

John C. Clapp, M.D., M.C.P.S.O., was born in New York, U. S., and is the son of James A. Clapp, a mechanic and farmer, who resided in Seneca County, N.Y, Mr. Clapp, sen’r, was a native of Connecticut, and descended from a family whose ancestry is traceable as far back as the eleventh century. In the year 1017, one Osgod Clapp, a Danish noble, settled in England, and was attached to the Court of Canute. For services rendered in the council and war he became possessed of certain lands at Salcombe, in Devonshire, which are still in the hands of the family, and on which at the present time still stands, an old ancestral pile. In 1830 Ebenezer Clapp, lineal descendant of Osgod Clapp, settled in Massachusetts, U. S., and was for many years a printer of the Hampshire (Mass.), Gazette, and was the progenitor of his race on this side of the Atlantic. The subject of our sketch studied his profession at Cincinnati, Ohio, and afterwards engaged in practice in Western New York. He came to Toronto in 1861, and since his advent has obtained a good share of patronage.

Thomas Clark, son of William Clark, of Wilton, near Pickering, Yorkshire, England, was born in 1808, where he lived till the death of his father in 1829; his mother having died some months before. The following year he emigrated to Canada, and after living in what was then known as Little York about two years, he leased and lived on a farm in West York, where some two years later he married Eleanor, daughter of Francis and Mary Linton, natives of Alliston, near Pickering, England. In 1842 he bought and farmed lot 15, 2nd concession, East York; his wife died in February, 1844, leaving three sons and four daughters. In 1847 he married Nancy, daughter of James and Mary Miller, of East York, by whom he had two sons and four daughters. He continued to reside on his farm till 1884, when he sold out and retired, and now lives at his residence, 93 Bleeker Street, Toronto.

John A. Clindinning, boat-builder, was born in Kingston, Ont., in 1826, being the fifth in a family of six children. He was educated and brought up in Toronto, having come here with his parents in 1830. In 1849 he commenced keeping an hotel on what is now the Island, but what was then only a peninsular; he continued the hotel business, as well as boat-building, across the bay until the great storm of 1860, in which the waters of the lake washed completely over the peninsular. He then removed to the city, where he has been ever since. He has obtained the reputation of building some of the finest pleasure boats ever floated on Toronto Bay.

Robert W. Clindinning, printer, was born in the North of Ireland in 1815. His father was David Clindinning, born in the County Monaghan, and a tailor by trade; his mother was a daughter of John Clark, farmer, of the same county. In 1819 his parents with their three children, Matilda, Robert and Emily, left Belfast, Ireland, and emigrated to Canada, where they settled at Gananoque, in Leeds County. Mr. David Clindinning, sen’r, worked at his trade for six years, at the end of which he removed to Kingston, Ont., where he kept an hotel at the Market Square, called the Hibernian Inn; while there his son John A. was born. In 1830 he removed to Little York, where he opened an hotel on Church Street, one door north of what is now the Public Library. He afterwards removed to Rochester, N.Y., and subsequently to Kiantone, N.Y., where he died, May 26th, 1856. His wife died in Toronto, January 30th, 1855. His third son, John A., was born in Kingston. Of his five children, the only living ones are Robert Wilson and John A. Robert W. Clindinning was educated at Kingston, and began to learn the trade of a printer on May 6th, 1831, in the office of the Courier, a Conservative paper, published by George Gurnett, who became Mayor of Toronto in 1837; he was six years there. When that paper was discontinued he worked in the office of the Palladium, a moderate Conservative journal, published by Charles Fothergill; he was a year on that paper. Next he worked for a year on the Star, published by J. F. Cootes, and then in the Upper Canada Gazette, the Government office. From 1840 until 1843 he worked on the Church, a weekly journal, published by Henry Rowsell, and edited by Bishop Bethune, who was then Archdeacon; the Church was removed to Cobourg in 1843. It was in 1843 that the late Hon. George Brown came to Toronto and unfurled the Banner; only three or four printers were employed on that paper, and those who first set type in the office were John McLean, foreman, James Lumsden and our subject. In the following year the Banner was merged into the Globe, which was published in an office comprising two rooms, on the corner of Yonge and King Streets. It was printed on a hand press. It was in the Banner that the article entitled “A Ministerial Crisis,” written by Mr. Peter Brown, Hon. George Brown’s father, and which favoured the Baldwin Government, appeared; the article changed the paper in a great measure. Mr. Clindinning worked on the Globe for three years, and then bought a printing office in New York, which he sold to Robert R. Smiley, the founder of the Hamilton Spectator. He spent another year on the Globe, after which he went on the British Colonist, a moderate Conservative journal, published by the late Hugh Scobie, on King Street. At Mr. Scobie’s death in 1853, the paper was sold to Mr. Samuel Thompson, who continued it until 1860; Sheppard & Morrison then took charge of it; it was Sheppard who wrote the celebrated article “Whither are we Drifting?” In 1860 the copyright was sold to the Leader, on which paper Mr. Clindinning worked from 1860 until 1878; since the latter year he has been working in Dudley & Burns’ book room. Mr. Clindinning has seen much that was exciting in the early days of Toronto. He witnessed the execution of a York farmer who roasted his child, and that of Julia Murdock, the servant girl who poisoned with arsenic her mistress, the wife of John Roddy, merchant; he also saw the execution of Lount and Matthews, for participating in the Mackenzie Rebellion. Mr. Clindinning has been a strong Reformer. One of his sisters, Matilda, died of the cholera in 1834.

Nicholas Clinkenbroomer, deceased, was of German origin, being the son of a wealthy gentleman. When a young man he had every advantage of a good education, and on reaching his majority he had acquired three languages, English, French and German. One evening when walking out in a sea-port town in his native country, he was taken by a press-gang with others, and hurried on board of an English ship of war and brought to Quebec, where he fought under Major-General Wolfe upon the Plains of Abraham, 1759; also participated in the battle of Bunker Hill, Boston, June 17th, 1795; and served at Saratoga under General Burgoyne, June 17th, 1777, where the British forces were made prisoners of war to Major-General Gates of the American army. After the close of the Revolution, he had the choice of being returned to his native country or of receiving a grant of land in Upper Canada. He accepted the latter, and drew one hundred acres near Dundas, Ontario. He first took up his residence at Newark (now Niagara), where he worked for William Jones, an army tailor. One year later he engaged with the North-Western Fur Company, as an Indian trader. In 1795 he settled in York, on the corner of what is now Adelaide and Jarvis Streets, and began business on the present site of the Post Office, being the first tailor in York. On January 4th, 1799, there not being an English Church clergyman within eighteen miles of the place, he was married by John Wilson, J.P., to Sarah White, the witnesses being John Clarke and Hugh McPhee. He died at York in 1807, leaving three sons, the eldest, Charles, born on Duchess Street in 1790. When a mere boy he was bound out as an apprentice to Jordan Post, the first silversmith and watch-maker of York. After serving his apprenticeship he began business for himself on the south side of King Street, near Church, which he continued until 1870. He married Hannah, daughter of John Anderson, of Eglinton, by whom he left eight children. In politics he was a strong Reformer, and subscribed for the first copy of the Leader issued in Toronto. The Globe was a welcome visitor at his residence until his death. Although repeatedly solicited to accept municipal honours, he declined. Many of the old families of York retain silverware and clocks made by his skilful hand, and although nearly a century old they show but little the effects of age. Charles Edward, 71 Major Street, eldest son of the above, was born in Toronto in 1841, and married Martha, daughter of John Campbell. Eliza, the fourth daughter, married John Alexander, a native of York, at whose residence, Baldwin Street, her father passed the remaining years of his life and died in 1881. Thomas, the youngest, married Sarah, daughter of John Wright, of Parkdale. Joseph Clinkenbroomer, deceased, the second son of Nicholas and Sarah Clinkenbroomer, was born at York in 1801. At the age of fourteen was bound out to James Ross, a tailor of York, with whom he served seven years. The price he received for making a suit of clothes was five dollars. He was twice married, first to Theresa, eldest daughter of Jonathan Hale; second to Ann Finck. He died May 24th, 1884, being the oldest native-born resident of York, except one. Three sons, and one daughter survive him. William Henry, the eldest, was born in Toronto, 1834. At the age of fourteen he went to the Township of Vaughan and learned the trade of carpenter and joiner; when twenty-two years of age he married Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Donald Gilchrist, from the Island of Islay. In 1867, during the Fenian Raids, he served six months on the frontier at Fort Erie, in the Volunteer Corps, and under Major George D. Denison. Since that date he has been engaged in contracting and building. In early life he acquired the trade of blacksmith and is at present located at 667 Queen Street West. In 1866 he married Ann, daughter of John Sweetman.

W. C. Cook was born in the parish of Houston, Norfolk, England, being the son of one Warrener Cook. Our subject came to Canada in 1818, and for one year followed boating on the Ottawa. He came to this city in 1830, and for some time was head wheelsman on a boat that traded between Kingston and Toronto and other ports. He next settled in Kingston, and opened a general store where he remained two years, subsequently returning to Toronto and purchasing some property on King Street. This was in 1830, and the price paid for sixty-six feet was $300. He also owned three vessels which traded on the lakes. Mr. Cook has been twice married, first to Maria, daughter of James Ellis, a woollen draper of Nottinghamshire, England. His second wife was Eliza Cramp, who was a native of Kent. He has one son and two daughters living. Mr. Cook is a Reformer in politics, and in religion a member of the Wesleyan Methodist Church. He is the eldest living ratepayer in St. David’s Ward, and has paid taxes since 1834.

Reuben Coons, real estate agent, was born in the Township of Matilda, County of Dundas, in 1825, being the third son of Jacob and Rebecca (Brady) Coons. Mr. Coons’ father and grandfather were U.E. Loyalists, who served all through the American War of 1812. On his father’s side his people came direct from Holland, his grandfather settled in the Township of Matilda, County of Dundas, with his four sons. His father was engaged in farming until 1829, when he removed with his family to Prescott, where he died in 1882, aged ninety-five years. His grandfather died on his farm in the Township of Matilda. Reuben Coons spent his school-days in Prescott, under the instruction of the Rev. Reuben Tupper, after which he began business as a clerk, with his uncle Samuel Brady, who was in partnership with Mr. Horton, M.P. He kept a general store in Prescott. He remained there four years, and then went to work for a man named Alfred Jones. In 1836 he went to Kingston with his brother Nicholas, who engaged in the dry-goods business; he was clerk for him eight years. In June, 1844, he came to Toronto with his brother, who opened a dry-goods store on King Street, opposite Toronto Street. After three years he served Romain Bros., as clerk, for one year. He then spent a year in Hamilton and Brantford, and afterwards returned to Toronto, where he has been ever since. He worked for Peter Patterson; after that he entered the employ of the Grand Trunk Railway Company, he was there twelve years, furnishing supplies to the railroad men. After that he went to William Burke, where he ran a planer four years, since which time he has acted in the capacity of a general agent, renting houses, etc. He is a member of the Queen Street Methodist Church, being a steward and treasurer of the poor fund of that church. In politics he is a Conservative. His first wife was Frances E., daughter of John Murchison; and his second wife Anne, daughter of James Watson. He has one daughter living.

William Corner, deceased, was born in Yamaska, Province of Quebec, Canada, in 1831. He was the third son of Charles Corner. In 1852 he became associated with the mechanical department of the Grand Trunk Railway as car foreman, which position he held until his death in 1884, being at that time the oldest employé on the road. In 1848 he married, in Montreal, a daughter of Robert Finley; he left five sons and five daughters. He belonged to the A.O.U.W., from which his family received $2,000; he also belonged to the Royal Arcanum, from which his family received $3,000. He joined the Freemasons twenty-five years previous to his death, and continued a member of that fraternity. His son, John J., lives over the Don.

George Gillespie Crawford, Doctor of Medicine, was born in 1809, on St. Joseph’s Island, where his father, Louis Crawford, a U. E. Loyalist in New York State, was in the employ of the Northern Land Company. His father afterwards went to England, where he died. His mother was Jessie Mitchell, daughter of Dr. Mitchell, of the 8th Regiment. Our subject being young when his father died, he was taken care of by his uncle’s partner, George Gillespie, who had him educated at Bothwell. He afterwards took a course at Edinburgh University. He then became an apprentice with Dr. Alexander Gillespie, with whom he served his time. In 1829 he came to Canada and went to Penetanguishene, where he succeeded his uncle, Dr. David Mitchell, as surgeon in the 8th King’s Own Regiment. In 1830 he settled permanently in Toronto, and began a business partnership with Newbigen & Co., as a sleeping partner. Dr. Crawford has been twice married; first, to Marion Maitland in 1855; his second wife was Elizabeth, widow of James Sams (one of the English Cricketing Eleven) and daughter of Sergeant Hurley, Her Majesty’s 81st Regiment. He has three daughters and two sons.

Colonel F. W. Cumberland, deceased, was born at London, England, September 10th, 1820. After receiving a liberal education he served several years apprenticeship as an architect, and later entered the service of the Great Western Railway Company, London, England. He subsequently filled a Government appointment in the Portsmouth dockyards, until 1848. One year later he came to Toronto, received the appointment of Engineer of the Home District, and had charge of the York Roads from 1849. For a period of ten years, he followed his profession of architect, during which time he designed St. James’ Cathedral, the old Post Office, and the Normal School. In 1852 Mr. W. G. Storm became a partner in his business, which continued for seven years, during which time they designed the University of Toronto, Osgoode Hall, and many other public and private buildings. During the great Exhibition held in London, England, he visited that city as one of the Canadian representatives of our Government. In 1859 he received the appointment of Chief Engineer of the Northern Railroad, the following year became Managing Director, which position he held until his death, 1881. Under his efficient management the road made great progress, and by many kind and generous acts, he greatly endeared himself to the officials and employés, and as a tribute to his memory, they erected, at Allendale, after his death, a bronze monument. In 1861 he organized a regiment of mechanics, called the 10th Royals, of which he received a commission as Colonel. During the Fenian Raid in 1866. he largely assisted the staff by superintending the transportation of the troops. In 1865, he received the appointment of Provincial Aide-de-Camp, from which he retired in 1868, receiving the thanks of Lord Dufferin. At the time of his death he was a member of the Masonic body, one of the Council of Trinity College, Vice-President of the Canadian Institute, and member of the St. George’s Society, of which he was President in 1855 and 1856. He was also President of the Mechanics’ Institute. In politics he was a Conservative, and represented the District of Algoma in the Ontario Legislature for three years, and for one year occupied a seat in the House of Commons, during which time he was considered a man of quick perception, good judgment and a fluent speaker. He ever retained his youthful spirit. At the time of his death he was President of the Toronto Cricket Club. His esteemed wife, Wilmot Bramley, by whom he left a family of five children, one son and four daughters, survived him at the age of sixty-three. Barlow Cumberland was born at Portsmouth, England, 1849; came to Toronto the same year, where he was educated at the Grammar School, and subsequently at Cheltenham College, England; afterwards took a degree of M. A., at Trinity College, Toronto, entered Osgoode Hall and studied law, under Osier & Moss, until 1871, since which time he has been General Passenger Agent for various railway and steamship lines. He has also held a captaincy of the 10th Royals since 1874, and was elected President of the St. George’s Society in 1883.

Patrick Cunningham (Old Fort) was born in Dublin, Ireland, 1842. He came to Canada at the time the Trent affair was likely to lead to war between Great Britain and the United States, with the 16th Foot, under the command of Colonel Peacock, and remained in Montreal about two years. In 1863 he came to Toronto and assisted in establishing the first military school in Canada. After handing it over to the 47th Regiment he did duty in several cities of Western Canada, and also at the Thorold Instructive Camp, all in connection with the service. In 1867 he gave up matters military, and entered the Railway Company’s service for three years, part of which time he acted as conductor. A knowledge of carpentering gave him the opportunity of exercising his talents in that direction for ten years, and even now he occasionally handles the tools of his trade. Mr. Cunningham has been a member of the Queen’s Own for eleven years, ten of which he has occupied the honourable position of Sergeant-Major.

Edward Dack, boot and shoemaker, 73 King Street West, was born in Stradbally, Queen’s County, Ireland, in 1834. His father, Matthew Dack, was a hardware merchant, and emigrated to Canada with his family in 1834. He began a boot and shoe business in Kingston, and afterwards engaged in that line in Toronto, in the place now occupied by his son. He died in 1842. Since then the business has been carried on by his son, who does a large trade. In 1850 Edward Dack married Jane Nixon, by whom he had four sons and three daughters. He has one son in business in Toronto (E. Dack & Son), and one in the United States. Mr. Dack does not take a very active part in politics; he votes for principle rather than party. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and in his seventy-first year still continues hale and hearty.

W. Darlington, deceased, is a native of Shropshire, England, where he was born in 1814. He came out to Canada in 1849, and engaged in business as felt and gravel roofer, which he continued to conduct until his death, April 18th, 1881. He was the first to introduce the felt and gravel roofing business in this country, and being a man of energy ability, and steady habits, he amassed considerable property. His wife’s maiden name was Frances Burton; she was from England also. Mr. Darlington was a member of the Toronto Hunt and Gun Clubs, and, being a splendid rider as well as a capital shot, added in no small degree to the reputation enjoyed by the respective clubs. He was a Reformer in politics, and a member for upwards of twenty years of the Richmond Street Methodist Church. At his death he left one son, named W. H. Darlington, who is engaged in job printing; he resides at 63½ Mutual Street.

John Davis is a native of Staffordshire, England, and came to Canada in 1880. Three years later he accepted his present position as caretaker of the Toronto Medical School.

Samuel H. Defries was born in Toronto, being the son of Robert Defries, a native of Devonport, County of Devon, England, who came to Little York, now Toronto, in 1829. The latter was for thirty-six years Postmaster in the Legislative Assembly, and after Confederation occupied the same position in the House of Commons, till his death in 1871. He died at his residence on Old Mill Road, and was buried by the York Pioneers, of which body he was a member. His wife was Susan, daughter of George K. Fealstead, from Tyrone, Ireland, by whom he had a family of six sons, viz.: Richard, Robert, George, Samuel, John and Mark; the last named was shot at Ridgeway, during the Fenian Raid of 1866, being at that time Corporal in No. 3 Company, Queen’s Own Rifles. The subject of this sketch, Samuel H., at the age of fourteen went on a whaling voyage in the ship Navigator, of Edgartown, Mass., U. S., which occupation he followed seven years, then returned to Toronto, and has since been in the employ of the Grand Trunk Railway Company. In 1859, be married Sophia, daughter of George Ernest, of Toronto, by whom he has one child, a daughter. The only other surviving member of the family of Robert Defries is Richard, the eldest son.

James Acland De La Hooke, surgeon, is a native of Plymouth, Devonshire, England. He was born in 1814, and studied his profession at the Hunterian Theatre of Anatomy, King’s College, London University, and St. George’s Hospital, of that city, and was granted his diploma by the Royal College of Surgeons, England, in the year 1837. Two years after this he came to Canada and settled in Weston, where he practised his profession for many years. In 1870 he came to Toronto, where he now resides, and still practises his profession. In 1872 he was appointed a coroner for Toronto and County of York. Dr. De La Hook was in 1842 gazetted Surgeon to the first Huron Regiment of Militia, and has been attached to various regiments in the Province. In 1879 be was promoted to the rank of Surgeon Major, and he at present occupies the position of Senior Surgeon Major in the Dominion. Dr. De La Hook has twice married, first to Miss Sarah England, who died at Weston in 1846. His second union was with Miss Maria Louisa Denison. He has three sons living, James Acland, E. Dillon A., and T. D. Auley.

Charles Leslie Denison, Dufferin Street, was born in york in 1841, his father being George Taylor Denison. He is the youngest child by his father’s third wife. He has been engaged in farming nearly all his life, and now owns property in Toronto. He has been a member of the York Township Council. In 1859 he was commissioned a Cornet in the Governor-General’s Body Guard and received a lieutenant’s commission in 1861, but is now on the retired list. In 1882 he married a daughter of the late E. C. Fisher.

E. P. Denison was born in Weston in 1835, his father being Thomas John Denison, a farmer. He spent his early life in Weston, farming and store-keeping. In 1878 he removed to Toronto. He is now, and has been for twelve years, connected with the Governor-General’s Body Guard, in which he holds the rank of Captain. In Nov., 1882, he married a daughter of Major John Paul, of Weston.

Captain James Dick is a native of Argyleshire, Scotland, and was born in 1826. At the age of sixteen he began life as a sailor before the mast in the merchant service. He came to Canada in 1838, and took up his residence in Toronto, and in 1839, in conjunction with his brother, Thomas Dick, commenced sailing on the lakes, an occupation which they successfully followed for many years. His connection with the different lines of steamers which operated in the early days was large and varied, and we ought not to omit to mention that Captain Dick, in company with several other influential celebrities, ran the first steamer on the north shore of Lake Superior. This was in 1858. The same combination has the “Mail” contract from Collingwood to Fort Garry, and we may incidentally notice that one letter and two newspapers occupied the bag on the first trip, in 1858.

James Isaac Dickey was born in Belfast, Ireland and came to Toronto in 1847. He sailed in company with his brother, the remainder of the family coming the year after. Both parents have died since their arrival. James was a machinist by trade, and for a year worked in this city for Mr. Spencer, whose establishment was on Yonge Street. He subsequently obtained a situation as Mechanical Superintendent at the Susquehanna Depot of the New York and Erie Railway. In 1852 he returned to Toronto and, in company with his brother and brother-in-law, purchased a lot on Beverley Street, on which they built and established the Soho Foundry and steam engine works. This business was conducted with success until 1876, when James and Nathaniel Dickey retired, leaving the business to Mr. Neil, their brother-in-law, who conducted it as Neil & Son. At Mr. Neil’s death, in 1879, the business was closed. Mr. Dickey took an active interest in the formation of the 10th Royals Regiment.

John Dill, painter, was born on Bay Street, Little York, in 1833. His father was Alexander Dill and came to Canada from the North of Ireland in 1827. In 1828 he married Jane, daughter of Robert McCormick, by whom he had the following children: Sarah, married James Hughes, Toronto; Margaret, married J. Ashfield, Toronto; William, lives in New Orleans, La.; Mary Ann, married Alfred Booth, Toronto; Robert, lives in Toronto; Jane, lives in Cleveland, O.; Elizabeth, a widow, lives in Toronto. Alexander Dill worked in George Ketchum’s tannery, corner of Yonge and Queen Streets, for twelve years; then he was employed in the Sheriff’s Office and in the Police Office, until his death in 1851. He served in the Rebellion of 1837-8. His father and mother came to Canada one year after he came out. John Dill was six years in the employ of A. R. Leonard, with whom he learned his trade. He afterwards started business for himself and has continued it ever since. In 1853 he was married to Sarah Ann, only daughter of William Hughes. In politics he is a strong Conservative, and takes an active part in political matters. He sat at the Council Board, during 1876-7-8, as a representative of St. Patrick’s Ward. In religion he is a Presbyterian. Mr. Dill was connected with the Masonic Society, with the Orange Body and with the Irish Protestant Benevolent Association.

John Dixon, carriage manufacturer, was born in Toronto, March 8th, 1837, and is the youngest of a family of five children, born to William and Elizabeth (Smith) Dixon, who came to Toronto from the State of New York in 1833. His father, who was a bricklayer by trade, was born in Lincolnshire, England; he was a Sergeant-Major during the Rebellion of 1837-8, and served in Toronto, Kingston, Malaga, Chippewa, and participated in the cutting loose of the Caroline. He died at the age of sixty-five years. Mr. Dixon’s mother is still living, at the advanced age of ninety-one years. Of the five children three sons are living, two daughters being dead. Mr. Dixon learned his trade in Toronto, and now gives employment to about forty-five men. In 1862 he married Ellen, eldest daughter of William Hampson, who came from England and settled in Toronto some years ago. He was a builder and built Upper Canada College.

JAMES DOBSON.

James Dobson, postmaster, Yorkville, is the eldest son of Matthew and Ann Park Dobson, his birthplace being Mohill, County of Leitrim, Ireland. He was born in 1810 and is now in his seventy-fifth year. His ancestry is traceable to the persecuted Huguenots who took refuge in England in the seventeenth century. His father served in the Leitrim Militia, and was Quartermaster-Sergeant for nearly twenty years, receiving his discharge and a pension at the close of the French war. He came to Canada, and died here in his eighty-eighth year. When seventeen years of age, the subject of this memoir was bound an apprentice to Francis Irwin, Esq., architect and builder, of Carrick-on-Shannon, for seven years, and on completing his term came to Canada. This was in 1834. He did not reach Toronto until some time in the following year, having spent the winter in the older Province. He worked with the late George H. White, of Yorkville, for a season, afterwards removing to New York, where he remained till within a short time previous to the Rebellion of 1837 breaking out. On his return he settled in Yorkville, purchasing a house and lot a little south of the site of the Town Hall, and worked there at his trade. The Rebellion having commenced, he took up arms and joined a company of volunteers, under the captaincy of Walter McKenzie, Esq., with John Hillyard Cameron, Esq., as Lieutenant. Mr. Dobson, like others of his countrymen, took up arms in defence of law and order, but when the affair was over and the passions and prejudices of the moment had subsided, he was compelled to admit in a great part, that something in the cause of the Rebels was not unmixed with justice. Our subject carried on the building trade until his marriage, in 1840, to Sarah Ann, daughter of the late Captain Moore, of the Township of York, a veteran of 1812, who fought under General Brock, and was wounded at the Battle of Queenston Heights. The issue of the marriage was a family of eight children, two of whom died at an early age; three sons and three daughters are yet living: William Egerton, James Haines and Charles Albert; Sarah, Anne Eliza and Edith. During the early portion of Mr. Dobson’s residence in Yorkville the population was small but steadily increasing, and several brick manufactories were accumulating in the neighbourhood. The moral and religious welfare of this rising community was, however, not all that could be desired, there being no schools and only a small frame church, built by the Primitive Methodists, but afterwards sold to the Wesleyan Methodists. Mr. Dobson gave up his house for religious services and Sabbath school while a church was being built, and also took a deep and active interest in getting a school and temperance hall established. We may add that the present school-house and grounds are not inferior to any in the Province. In the year 1852, when Yorkville became incorporated, Mr. Dobson was one of the chief instruments in bringing about this desirable accomplishment, going into the matter with an energy and interest that could not fail to secure its object. At the first election the chosen were John Sleigh, butcher; John Severn, brewer; James Wallis, blacksmith; Thomas Atkinson, brickmaker, and James Dobson, builder, the latter being chosen first reeve of the new municipality. He remained a member of the Council seven years, and filled the chair on two occasions. Mr. Dobson retired from the building business in 1851, having got together a considerable amount of landed property. He opened a general store and was at this time appointed postmaster of Yorkville. In the year 1863 he was made a J.P. for the County of York; in 1868, Commissioner of Affidavits in B.R.; in 1870 he was appointed agent for marriage licenses, all of which positions he at present holds. He is an office-bearer and trustee of the Bloor Street Methodist Church, Toronto. In concluding our necessarily condensed record of Mr. Dobson’s life and labours, we should say that both in public and private life he is recognized by all as a man of strict integrity and unblemished reputation. In connection with his public duties he is courteous, considerate and obliging, while in private life his hand is ever ready to relieve the needy, or he will give wholesome advice to those in misfortune. In politics Mr. Dobson’s opinions are decidedly favourable to the Liberal cause, his ideas having undergone a complete change after the Rebellion of 1837. One other great motive in his life has been to promote the temperance cause, and it has ever been his consuming desire to see Prohibition the law throughout the land.

John William Drummond, deceased, was born in Little York, September 2nd, 1817. His parents were John and Mary (Lloyd) Drummond, who came to Canada from Chester, England, in 1811. His mother died when he was an infant. After the death of his wife, John Drummond placed his children in the care of friends and relatives, and embarked upon a whaling expedition, from which he never returned. John William Drummond, was apprenticed to Jacques & Hay, furniture manufacturers, and at the age of twenty-one went to New York, where he remained two years. In 1840 he returned to Toronto, and began the manufacture of furniture in partnership with his brother-in-law, John Haigh, who was succeeded on his death, in 1848, by James Thompson; in 1850 Mr. Thompson returned to Montreal, and then business was discontinued. Mr. Drummond then engaged in the lumbering business, Yonge Street, until July, 1868, when his stock being destroyed by fire, he decided to retire. On April 22nd, 1847, he married Hester Ann, second daughter of John Doel, by whom he had five daughters. Mr. Drummond was elected to represent St. James’ Ward in the City Council in 1865, but resigned the honour at the end of a few months on account of ill-health. In 1877 he was commissioned a Justice of the Peace. For many years he was one of the Board of Directors of the House of Industry. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Church up to his death, which occurred September 9th, 1881.

J. W. DRUMMOND.

Joseph Duggan is a native of this city, and a York Pioneer, having been born in 1832, and was a son of Thomas Duggan, a native of Ireland, who came to Canada in 1827, and died in Toronto in 1854. Mr. Joseph Duggan in 1851 commenced business at the corner of King and Princess Streets. In 1872 he bought a farm on Kingston Road, on which he erected an hotel. This he carried on for two years, afterwards renting it, and built the beautiful homestead where he now resides, known as Woodbine Park. He subsequently built the hotel on the race track, called the Woodbine Park Club-house, which he occupied for four years; he then retired to the homestead, which he has again rented, and is now living at 539 Church Street, Toronto.

William Duncan, deceased, was born in the County Donegal, Ireland, in 1780, and in 1825, came to Canada and located on lot 25, concession 3, East York, where he took up four hundred acres of uncleared land, half being in York, and half in Markham Townships. This he improved and cultivated and resided upon until his death, which occurred in 1865. He married Mary Fletcher, of Dublin, who died in 1813, leaving six children. He married again, Mrs. Lackie being his second wife, and by whom he had three children. The only living representative of the family by the first marriage is William Duncan, born in 1812. He lived upon the old homestead till 1867, when he retired from farming and removed to the city, where he still resides. He married in 1852, Margaret McGuire, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, who died in 1858.

Jonathan Dunn, deceased, was born at Bridlington, Yorkshire, England, in 1798, being the youngest son in a family of five children; his parents died when he was quite young. At the age of twenty-five he, in company with his brother, arrived in York, and began business at St. Lawrence Market as a butcher. When St. Patrick’s Market was completed he removed to the latter place, where he continued the same business until a few years previous to his death, which occurred in 1864. During the Rebellion of 1837 he held a contract under the Government to furnish the supplies to the garrison. In 1843 he was elected to represent St. Patrick’s Ward in the City Council, which office he held until 1863, when he retired from the deliberations of the council board. When eighteen years of age, he was stricken with a severe illness caused by over exertion; he then embraced religion, and ever after maintained his Christian character. When the Queen Street Methodist Church was built, he was one of the board of trustees, and was a very active member until his death. As a member of the church he was ever true to her interests. A distinguishing feature of his life was his integrity in public or in private. As a man of business he fully maintained his character; his word was unquestioned; his honesty gained for him the esteem and respect of all, and at his death as an expression of sympathy and the respect in which he was held, many places of business in the city were closed. Mr. Dunn was twice married. His first wife was Anna Pickenny; she died soon after his arrival in New York, leaving three children, one son and two daughters; John Dunn, the eldest; Mrs. John Lee, Rochester, N.Y; Mrs. James Wallis, dead. His second marriage was to Jane, eldest daughter of John Wallis, who formerly kept the old Red Lion Hotel on Colborne Street; by her he had five sons and four daughters, as follows: Mary Jane, wife of William Wharin, 47 King Street West; William, dead; James R., City Weigh-master; Mrs. W. L. Wilkinson; S. C. Dunn, farmer, in East York; Wallis, a farmer in Toronto Township; Jonathan, living in Detroit; Rosa, wife of W. C. Stratton, Inland Revenue Department; Lillie M., wife of John Ritchie, 91 King Street West. James R. Dunn, third son of the above, was born in Toronto in 1839, at the old home on the Denison property, north side of Queen Street; received his early education in Toronto. He succeeded his father in business. In 1864 when Mr. Jonathan Dunn, sen’r, retired from the Council, he was chosen Alderman to represent St. Patrick’s Ward, which office he held during 1864, 1865 and 1866. In 1874-’75 he represented St. Andrew’s Ward, at the expiration of which time he received the appointment of City Weigh-master, which office he now holds. He served as a volunteer in Colonel George T. Denison’s Cavalry for three years. On December 15th, 1860, he married Frances, youngest daughter of Adam Rolph, of London, England. Our subject has been a Freemason for many years, and was Worthy Master of Occident Lodge, 346, in 1883. He has been a member of the Odd-fellows for twenty years, and is also a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen.

Charles Durand, barrister. His ancestors were originally of French extraction. In about 1690 the Durands were among the Huguenots who settled in England and were made citizens by patent in Queen Anne’s reign. His great-grandfather was Charles Durand; the name Charles having been in the family for generations. His grandfather, Charles Durand, was an officer in the British army, and was stationed on the Welsh border where his son, the late Captain James Durand, the father of our subject, was born in 1776. His father came to Canada about the year 1800, and commenced business as a merchant in Montreal, where he remained several years. He then opened a store, and bought a large farm at Long Point, near Simcoe, Norfolk. In 1805 he bought and removed to a two-hundred acre farm which he had purchased in the then Village, now City, of Hamilton. His first wife, an English lady, was killed in 1805, while descending the then dangerous mountain pass at Hamilton; by her he had four children, viz.: Maria, born 1798, and still living near Hamilton; James, Harriet and George, three of whom were born in England. In 1807 he married his second wife, a daughter of Hugh Morrison, a Revolutionary soldier, who fought under Washington, by whom he had five children, as follows:— Henry, born in 1808; Charles, born in 1811; Ferdinand, born in 1813; Alonzo, born in 1814; Ellen, born in 1816; all of whom are dead, excepting Charles. During the War of 1812-’14 his father commanded a very large flank company of militia, and took an active part in the Battle of Queenston Heights, where General Brock was killed. In 1815 he removed to a point on the Bay of Quinté, and two years later returned to a farm near Hamilton. From 1814 to 1822, he was a member of the Upper Canada Legislature. In 1820 he bought a large farm, seven miles from Brantford, and remained there until near the time of his death in 1833. He was Registrar of the Counties of Halton and Wentworth for about twenty years. His second wife died in 1828. Charles Durand, the subject of this sketch, was born in 1811, in Hamilton, and received his early education at Hamilton and Dundas. In 1829 he was articled to the late Robert Berrie, a Scotch barrister, at Hamilton, and in February, 1835, was admitted to practise as an attorney, and in February, 1836, was admitted as a barrister. He practised his profession in Hamilton until the end of 1837. After the troubles of 1837, he went to Buffalo, and thence to Chicago, practising his profession in the latter city from 1839 until 1844, when he returned to Toronto, where he has ever since resided. In April, 1837, he married Sarah, a daughter of Lardner Bostwick, one of the pioneer settlers of Toronto, and one of its first aldermen. She at her death, in 1855, left six daughters, four of whom are married. In 1858 he married Mary Ann Bradshaw, a daughter of the late James Bradshaw, of Hamilton, belonging to a large and numerous family of U. E. Loyalists of the Niagara District, by whom he had six children, two sons and four daughters, four of whom are living; two daughters being dead. The subject of this sketch has been a practising lawyer for over fifty years, and is still engaged in the practice of the law at his advanced age. He has also been a contributor to the political and literary periodicals in Canada since the year 1832, and owned and edited a paper of his own from 1851 to 1854, extensively circulated and devoted to temperance principles, literature and general news.

John Eagle, retired, was born in the suburbs of London, England, in 1820, and at the age of twenty-three came to Canada. He first settled in Brant County, taking up 200 acres of land, on which he lived and laboured nine years. At the end of this period it was taken from him by the Government, who desired it for the Indian Reserve, he receiving no compensation, after having devoted some of the best years of his life to its cultivation. In 1853 be came to Weston and rented a small hotel, where he did business for some years. He afterwards bought the place, and erected near the site his large and commodious hotel, called the Eagle House, where he lived until 1884, retiring then from business and removing to this city. During his stay in Brant County Mr. Eagle underwent all the hardships and dangers incident to pioneer life, being frequently a mark for the Indian bullets, the latter looking upon the settlers as interlopers. Mr. Eagle for several years did an extensive business in Weston as brickmaker, farmer and hotel proprietor, besides taking great interest in the construction of macadamized roads leading into the city. Mr. Eagle has been twice married.

James Edgar, M.D., was born in Wentworth County in 1824; he entered the ministry of the late Primitive Methodist Church in 1846, and continued in service until 1880, when failing health compelled him to retire. He is now engaged in medical practice in this city.

Humphrey Elliott was born in the North of Ireland in 1831, where he remained until 1839, being the second son of Thomas Elliott, deceased, who first located at Ottawa on his arrival in Canada, where he stopped a short time, coming to Kingston and Toronto in 1840. The subject of this sketch learned the moulder’s trade, which he worked at until 1855, when he engaged in boarding-house keeping. He located on the corner of Richmond and Victoria Streets, where he continued up to 1876. He afterwards retired and purchased some property on Wellesley Street, where he erected two brick houses. He now owns Nos. 88, 90 and 92. In 1854 he married Miss Mary McArthur.

John W. Elliott is a lineal descendant of John Elliott, who composed one of that now historical body, the “Pilgrim Fathers.” He was born in Leicester, Mass., September 7th, 1822, and in early life learned the dentistry profession, which he followed for many years in different cities before his arrival in Canada. He established himself in Toronto in 1858, where he has since remained, having gathered together a large practice.

Thomas William Elliott, coal, wood, flour and feed merchant, was born in the Township of York in 1840. His father was Edward Elliott, who came to Canada in 1834 from England, and took up land in the Township of York, where he died at the age of sixty-seven years. His mother, Susannah Smith, was a daughter of William Smith, who fought under General Brock, and was killed at the Battle of Queenston Heights. Thomas W. Elliott came to Toronto in 1867, and engaged in the coal, wood and feed business, to which he still adheres. In 1868 he was married to Ellen, fourth daughter of John Grey, a Scotchman, one of the oldest settlers in York County. In politics he is a Reformer; in religion belongs to the Methodist Church. Mr. Elliott is connected with the City Council; he was elected alderman for St. Matthew’s Ward last year, and re-elected in 1885.

John Ellis, No. 1 Wood Lane, Yorkville, was born in Yorkshire, England, at a place called White Cross, on the 28th of March, 1810. Mr. Ellis was brought up on a farm. In 1831 he came to Canada with his wife, Rachael Johnson Ellis, When he first came to Toronto he went to work for the Hon. Wm. Allen; afterwards rented a farm in York Township, where he was nine years engaged at farming, after which he returned to Yorkville, purchased property and built eight houses. In 1872 he retired. He is a Conservative and a member of the English Church. When he came to Yorkville the old Red Lion Hotel was the only building in the village.

John Ellis, deceased, was born in Norwich, England, in 1795, and was an engraver by trade. In 1828 he married Rhoda, daughter of George Charles Bunting, by whom he had four children; two of them died in England. In 1836 he came to Canada, and, locating in Toronto, took up his residence on King Street, near Simcoe Street. He was engaged in business until 1868. In politics he was a Conservative, and in religion a member of the Church of England, He took a great interest in music, especially classical. At his death he left two children, a son and a daughter.

Remelius Elmsley is of English extraction, his grandfather, John Elmsley, having emigrated from Yorkshire in the year 1795. He received his education in England, and was intended for the bar. His legal knowledge, combined with administrative talents of a high order, secured for him the position of Chief Justice of Upper Canada, which he filled for about five years. He was in the Upper House of the Legislature, and occupied the post of Speaker. He died in Montreal in 1805. He left a family of one son and two daughters. Our subject’s father was born in 1801, and at the age of seventeen joined the Royal Navy, in which he served for a number of years, retiring in 1827 on half-pay. He took up his residence in Canada about this time, and after a useful life died in 1863. Mr. R. Elmsley is the youngest son of the family.

H. A. Engelhardt, Superintendent Mount Pleasant Cemetery, was born in Milhauson, Prussia, in 1832. His father was Major Christopher Engelhardt; his mother’s name was Damme; he was the only son. He received his education in the University College, Berlin, where he studied those subjects which would fit him for his profession of a civil engineer. He completed his studies when nineteen years of age. According to custom he spent two years in the sharp-shooters’ guard, located in Berlin, and one year as volunteer; he served in Schleswig-Holstein. In 1851 he came to America and located at Baltimore, where he became a landscape gardener; he spent a year assisting in the laying out of Central Park, New York. He lived in North Carolina and Virginia until 1870, when he came to Canada, where he has since been engaged in laying out public grounds and cemeteries, including Government works; subsequently designing most of the recent cemeteries and public parks of Ontario.

John Farr, deceased, was born in Hertfordshire, England, 1782, and settled in York, U. C, about the year 1815. He was by occupation a brewer, and was the pioneer of that business in this city, which he carried on for a number of years. His career was marked by that success which never fails to attend perseverance, integrity and straightforwardness of purpose, and in all business affairs he was highly respected. His death occurred in 1874, in the ninety-second year of his age. He married, in 1821, Mary Bishop, a native of London, England, who died in 1882.

James Farrell, retired, was born in the County of Derry in 1808. His parents were James and Margaret (Atkinson) Farrell; his mother died in Ireland. In 1831 he came to Canada, without a trade and without money; but nothing daunted he got a horse and cart and went as carter, which he continued for fifteen years. He afterwards set up a grocery store in Queen Street West. Then he kept the General Brock Hotel. About twenty-five years ago he retired from business. Mr. Farrell served for two years in the cavalry. For four years he represented St. John’s Ward in the City Council. He has two daughters, but no sons; one daughter is married to Charles Shields, of this city; and the other is married to Dr. Ross, of Thunder Bay.

Arthur E. Fisher, music professor, was born in England in 1848, and came to Canada in 1879, locating first in Montreal, where he was engaged as organist of St. George’s Church nearly three years. He studied in Paris under the principal violinist of the Conservatoire of Music, and at Trinity College, London, under Henry Holmes. Mr. Fisher devotes himself chiefly to voice tuition and the theory of music (harmony and counterpoint), and has lately sent up a number of lady pupils to the examination at the University of Trinity College for the degree of music, the first instance of the kind in Canada. He is also the originator of the St. Cecilia Madrigal Society.

Edward Fisher, organist and professor of music, 12 Wilton Crescent, was born in the United States and came to Canada in 1875. He first located in Ottawa, where he had charge of the musical department of the Ottawa Ladies’ College. He studied the organ under Eugene Thayer, composition with Julius Eichberg, and piano with J. B. Sharland. Mr. Fisher resided in Burton during his studentship with these masters, holding during this period various important positions in that city as organist and pianist. He finished his education at Berlin, Prussia, under the organist, Haupt, and the pianist and composer, Loeschhorn. Leaving Ottawa in 1879, he removed to Toronto, having accepted the position as organist of St. Andrew’s Church, and a few months later formed the “St. Andrew’s Choral Society,” latterly known as the “Toronto Choral Society,” numbering now about three hundred active members and four hundred honorary members. Mr. Fisher is also musical director for the Ontario Ladies’ College at Whitby, and for the past year conductor of the “Guelph Choral Union.”

Andrew Fleming was born in the County of Tyrone, Ireland, in 1819, and in 1825 came to Canada with his father, John Fleming, who remained in Quebec until 1830. He moved to Bytown (now Ottawa) afterwards. Andrew is the eldest of the family living. After leaving school he joined the volunteers during the Rebellion of 1837, and remained in the City Guards for seven months afterwards. He subsequently joined the first troop of incorporated dragoons, and remained with them until their disbandment. In 1848 he received the appointment of Usher to the High Court of Queen’s Bench, which position he still retains. He was tax collector for St. John’s Ward, twelve years. In 1841 he married Miss Mary Ann Boddy, daughter of Michael Boddy, by whom he had ten children, seven of whom are still living. He attends the English Church.

James Fleming, seedsman and florist, Yonge Street, is a native of Aberdeen, Scotland, and came to Canada in 1834. He located in Montreal two years, and being a practical gardener and florist worked at his trade. In 1836 he came to Toronto and commenced market gardening on three acres of land west of Yonge and Elm Streets; his present place being part of the original lot. In 1837 he erected a seed store and greenhouses for the sale of plants and seeds which has proved very prosperous as a business venture. In 1864 Mr. Fleming was commissioned a Justice of the Peace for the City of Toronto, and in 1884 received the same honour in connection with the county. In 1877 he was elected alderman for St. John’s Ward, and has since been re-elected for three years. Mr. Fleming is a director of the Horticultural Society and the Industrial Association. In politics he is a Reformer, and in religion a Presbyterian.

McGregor Flight, engineer and architectural draughtsman, City Engineers’ Office, is a native of Kingston-on-Thames, England, eldest son of Thomas Flight, a retired captain of the Greensine Merchant Service. He came to Toronto in 1870. Mr. Flight was articled with Mr. T. Harrington, marine engineer and surveyor, London.

J. C. Forbes is the son of the late Duncan Forbes, builder. Mr. Forbes is a portrait painter by profession, and commenced the practice of his art in Toronto in 1866. In 1876 he exhibited at Philadelphia paintings entitled, “The Wreck of the Hibernia,” and “Beware.” He has taken portraits of Lord Dufferin, Sir John A. Macdonald, and many other prominent politicians. His paintings of scenes in the Rocky Mountains and in the forest are unexceptionally good. “The Grand Canyon of the Arkansas,” “The Mount of the Holy Cross” and “Love Lilly” being especially admired. He received a medal for a portrait of his father at the International Exhibition, held in Buffalo, in 1871. He is a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, also the Ontario Society of Artists.

James Foster, optician and electric instrument maker, 13 King Street West, is the only child of Henry and Mary (Andrews) Foster. Henry Foster was a bricklayer and stonemason by trade, and came to Canada from Drumaulk, County Monaghan, Ireland, in 1828; he located in Toronto where he acquired some property on Duchess Street. James Foster was born in Toronto in 1830, and was only eighteen months old when his father died at the age of thirty-six years; his mother died in 1877, aged eighty-seven years. He afterwards received a good education, and when sixteen years old commenced to learn the trade of mathematical instrument maker. In 1864 he began business for himself on Adelaide Street, where he also did considerable work for the Montreal Telegraph Company, and for twenty years made all the instruments used by that company west of Kingston, employing a considerable staff of workmen. In 1873, finding his former stand too small for his business, he leased the building, No. 40 Colborne Street, and fitted it up to suit his business, and having then sufficient room he began to manufacture surveying and engineering instruments. He remained there until the fall of 1883, when he removed to his present commodious stand, 13 King Street West, where he now carries on the most extensive business in the optical and surveying instrument line in the city, and manufactures most of the meteorological and other instruments of precision, used in the Dominion, and is kept actively employed by an ever growing demand for his skill and instruments. Mr. Foster married Mary E. Jobbet, whose grandfather was paymaster in the famous Queen’s Rangers.

Thomas Fox was born in the City of London, England, in 1812, and at the age of twenty he emigrated to Canada, and settled in York. He was for some time engaged in the manufacture of brick, subsequently erecting property on Curzon and Leslie Streets, and is now living retired. In 1834 he married Miss Mary Rose, of Devonshire, England, who died in 1854. He married a second time, Mary Rooney. By his former wife he had nine children, and by his present wife two children.

G. F. FRANKLAND.

Garrett F. Frankland, a representative of a Saxon house, and one of the leading citizens of Toronto, was born in the Village of Barrowford, Lancashire, England, in 1834, and settled in Toronto in 1854. In early life he learned the trade of a butcher and grocer, in connection with farming. On his arrival in Toronto, he started as a butcher for the St. Lawrence Market. By energy and perseverance he gradually increased his business, and in 1860 he began to export meat to the United States and Great Britain. This business, which has now assumed such gigantic proportions, Mr. Frankland was mainly instrumental in originating; the particulars connected with its rise and progress, together with statistical matter, will be found elsewhere in this volume and, therefore, needs no repetition. We may also add that Mr. Frankland has done this country the signal service of raising the price of cattle from $25 to $30 a head. He was also the means of causing the Corporation of Liverpool to expend over $200,000 for the accommodation of live stock upon its arrival, thus relieving the suffering endured by the exposure to the twelve hours’ quarantine imposed by the Imperial Government. As a recognition of his valuable services, Mr. Frankland was the recipient, in 1876, of a banquet and an illuminated address, presented at the Walker House, here; also a clock, at the City Arms, and in 1879 of a service of silver plate, at Liverpool. Mr. Frankland was married, July 8th, 1857, to Jane Nelson, of Antrim County, Ireland, by whom he had a family of six children.

Edward Galley, 303 Parliament Street, is a native of the Isle of Wight, and came to Toronto in 1852. In 1856 he married Mary Jane, daughter of the late Richard Jewell, of Toronto. He was for twenty-four years engaged in the contracting and building business, from which he retired in 1879. During his business career he erected many of the wholesale stores and buildings on Front, Wellington, Yonge and Bay Streets; also the Grand Opera House, and five churches, including the Sherbourne and Parliament Street Methodist Churches. In addition to public buildings, he has erected upwards of fifty private residences; altogether he has erected nearly one thousand buildings, upwards of forty of which he owns. He employed at one time about five hundred hands. Mr. Galley has been a member of the Public School Board since 1873, and was two years chairman of that body. In 1878 he contested East Toronto for the Dominion House of Commons. He was elected member of the Toronto City Council for the Ward of St. Thomas in 1885. Amongst other offices held by him may be mentioned a directorship in the Land Security Company, the North American Life Assurance Company and others. In religion he is a member of the Methodist Church.

The Gamble Family.—Nathaniel Allan Gamble, retired, 554 Church Street, Toronto, is of Scotch extraction, and was born on lot 90, Yonge Street, and is a grandson of Nathaniel Gamble, sen’r, who came from near the Town of Bowmore, in the Island of Isla, Argyleshire, Scotland. He settled in Canada in 1798, on lot 89, on the east side of Yonge Street; he was married to a daughter of Samuel Chambers, by whom he had three sons and two daughters, all of whom came with him. He was a Presbyterian, and for a long time was trustee of glebe land belonging to that Church, near Markham. He died in 1833, leaving a large quantity of land in the Counties of York and Simcoe. Nathaniel Gamble, jun’r, youngest son of the above, was born in 1764. Settled on lot 90, on Yonge Street which he cleared and farmed until his death in 1836. Like his father, he was an extensive landowner. He was identified with the municipality in which he lived, and belonged to the Militia, in which he held the rank of Captain. In 1803 he married Susannah, daughter of Thomas Mercer, of York Mills. He belonged to the Church of England, and was a Conservative in politics. He left the following children: Anne, James, Susannah, Mary, Thomas, Nathaniel Allan, George and Sarah, all of whom married and settled in the County of York, except Thomas. The eldest son, James Gamble, inherited his grandfather’s farm, lot 89, and lived on it until his death in 1854. He was a commissioner in the Court of Request, before Division Courts were established; a magistrate, and also held a commission in the Militia. Thomas Gamble, the second son of Nathaniel Gamble, jun’r, settled in the Township of Tecumseth, County of Simcoe, in 1838, where he cleared a large farm. He was a magistrate and held a commission in the Militia as Captain. Nathaniel Allan Gamble, the third son of Nathaniel Gamble, jun’r, was born in 1817. He inherited his father’s farm, lot 90, on Yonge Street, where he lived until 1859. In 1856 he was commissioned a Justice of the Peace; he also served as quartermaster in the 12th Battalion of Volunteers. When he left his farm, he lived in Newmarket for some years, where he owned and managed a brewery. In 1872 he moved to Toronto, and married a daughter of John Sproule (who kept a store, near the market, on King Street, Toronto, for many years before his death in 1849). George Gamble, the youngest son of Nathaniel Gamble, jun’r, was also an extensive farmer for many years in the Township of King, near Lloydtown. He also married a daughter of John Sproule, of Toronto. He is now retired and living in Toronto.

Joseph Gibson, ornamental plasterer, was born in Lincolnshire, England, in 1823, being the only son of Joseph Gibson, shoemaker, and Martha Clue, daughter of Thomas Clue. His mother died in 1831, and in 1833 he came to Canada with his father, who took up a farm in East Gwillimbury, and having cleared it, lived there until his death in 1864, aged sixty-four years. After coming to Canada he was married to Mrs. Hannah Philips, by whom he had a son and a daughter. When eleven years of age, Joseph Gibson commenced to learn the plastering trade with his uncle, John Gibson, who had come out in 1830. He remained with him until he was twenty-three, when he married Anne, the eldest daughter of William Smith, by whom he had three sons and one daughter. In 1850 Mr. Gibson started business for himself. He is a Reformer, and a member of the English Church.

Colonel Givins, deceased, was born in the North of Ireland, about the year 1784. He was a relative of the Duke of Abercorn, and came out to Canada with Governor Hamilton, and afterwards joined Governor Simcoe at Bermuda, to whom he was Aide-de-Camp. He returned again to England and exchanged into the 5th Regiment, and again came out to Canada. He married, soon after, a daughter of Commodore Andrews, who was lost on the war-ship Ontario, which was lost on the lake, off Niagara, with all on board. Colonel Givins received the appointment of Agent for the Indian Department, which office he held until his death. He left a family, as follows: Henry Hamilton; Caroline H., who married Colonel Hillier, Aide-de-Camp to Sir P. Maitland; James (Judge Givins, of London, Ont.); Cecil; Saltern (Canon Givins); Elizabeth; and George, for twenty years Surgeon-Major on Her Majesty’s Medical Staff in India.

Arthur W. Godson, contractor, was born in Warwickshire, England, in 1845, being the youngest son in a family of seven children. His father, George Godson, came to Canada with his family in 1849 and died in 1866. Arthur Godson was married in 1871. He has been employed upon the public works of Toronto for the past fifteen years, having laid at least two-thirds of the block paving in this city. In 1881 he completed the contract for paving Yonge Street, and subsequently completed Beverley Street, a portion of King Street, and others. He also constructed and completed the Sub-way between Parkdale and the city.

James Gooderham. The subject of this sketch, was the second son of the late Wm. Gooderham, Esq., and was born in Norfolk, England, December 29th, 1825. At the age of seven years he accompanied the other members of the family to Canada and settled in York, where he was educated. He was always an earnest, thoughtful and conscientious youth, and his mind was early imbued with serious thoughts of religion. It was when about sixteen years old and during a short residence at the Village of Thornhill, that he became converted, and the event left its impress upon his character through all the subsequent years of his life. Sometime afterward his leanings towards the ministry induced him to enter Victoria College, with a view to prepare himself for the sacred calling of a Methodist minister. In 1848 he was appointed junior preacher on the Whitby circuit, and so earnest was he and diligent in the discharge of his pastoral duties, so devoted in his self-sacrificing zeal, that during that year between two and three hundred were added to the membership of the church on his circuit by conversion. The following year he was appointed to the Markham circuit, but the wasting labours of his previous charge had so exhausted his physical powers that it soon became evident it would be impossible for him to continue in the regular work of the ministry. But though forced, by circumstances beyond his control, to abandon his cherished calling, he never lost the spirit of a minister of Christ. He loved to preach the Gospel, and amid the cares and activities of secular life, found frequent opportunity to labour in various ways for the salvation of sinners, and took a deep interest in missionary work. He was often associated with leading ministers of his Church at dedicatory services in various parts of the country, and it was not an uncommon thing to see the announcement of Dr. Ryerson, or Dr. Wood, or Dr. Rose, or some other distinguished divine to preach in the morning, and James Gooderham, Esq., in the afternoon. On July 23, 1850, Mr. Gooderham was married at Oshawa to Miss Gibbs, daughter of the late Thomas Gibbs, Esq., and sister of the late Hon. T. N. Gibbs, of that place; he afterwards engaged in business in Norval, with one of his brothers; in 1859 removing to Meadowvale, and in 1863 to Streetsville, where he engaged in merchandise and milling. At the latter place he also managed the linen mills of Messrs. Gooderham & Worts, until they were burned down. During his residence in Streetsville, which continued until 1877, he was a prominent and useful citizen, taking a deep interest in the prosperity of the town and holding the office of Reeve for eight years. In the last named year Mr. Gooderham removed to Toronto, where his home henceforth remained, though he still retained his large property and business interests at Streetsville. He was a Director of the London and Ontario Loan Society from its inception, and Vice-President of the Dominion Telegraph Company, both of which corporations at his death presented to Mrs. Gooderham, handsomly engrossed resolutions testifying to the respect in which he was held, and lamenting his sudden loss. Mr. Gooderham was one of the first to advocate the project of the Credit Valley Railway, and actively supported the enterprise until its success was assured. He was a man of remarkable business talents, pushing and energetic, but withal, quiet and unassuming. He induced the residents of Streetsville and other municipalities to grant large bonuses to the road. On May 10th, 1879, he accompanied a party of prominent citizens from Toronto, to inspect the road as far as completed. At Streetsville he made a short address, justifying himself in the course he had pursued in connection with the road, and pointing with pride and pleasure to the rapid completion, not only of that branch, but of the whole line, and, as might have been expected, was warmly congratulated on the result of his labours, even by those who had strongly opposed him at the outset. A few hours after this address of congratulation a collision occurred on the road which resulted in Mr. Gooderham receiving fatal injuries. He survived long enough to be brought home, retaining consciousness to the last; he died the death of a sincere and exemplary Christian. He was buried in the family vault in St. James’ Cemetery, his funeral being from the Metropolitan Church, and one of the largest ever seen in the city. There is no fitter eulogy on the life of any man than is expressed in the words of Rev. Dr. Potts on this occasion: “Wise in counsel, prudent in action, intuitively discerning and unflinching in performing the right, there was in his character the true ideal of a man and a Christian.”

Patrick Graham, retired, was born in the County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1802, being the eldest in a family of four sons and four daughters, born to John and Mary (Power) Graham. In 1832 he came to Canada and worked on the Purdue farm, near Toronto, and for two years on the farm owned by Captain W. Baldwin. He then bought two hundred acres of land in the Township of Asphodel, County of Peterborough; but after clearing ten acres and losing his first crop he became discouraged and sold the land. Then he came to Toronto and became a clerk in the store of George Cheeney, dry-goods merchant. At the end of two years he married Bridget Madigan, and bought the property on the south-west corner of Wellington and Scott Streets, the present site of the Great North-Western Telegraph Company’s office, paying three hundred pounds for it, and a one and a-half storey house which stood on it. There he and his wife kept a private boarding-house until 1871, when the Montreal Telegraph Company paid him $10,000 for the lot. Mr. Graham is a Conservative in politics. By his marriage with Miss Madigan he has one son and two daughters living.

Christopher Gray, Superintendent of the St. James’ Cemetery, was born at Ross Head, Ireland, in 1826, and came to Canada in 1842. He was a nurseryman and gardener in the Old Country, and his lifework has been devoted to the care and culture of plants, shrubs and trees. He has been connected with the cemetery sixteen years, and in charge of the same thirteen years. Mr. Gray married, in 1857, Ellen Gamble, a native of Ireland, who came to Canada same year as himself. They have four children, three daughters and one son.

Major John Gray, M.P.P., Parkdale, was born in Yorkville, 5th January, 1837, being the only surviving child of John and Jane Gray, who were both born in the County of Meath, Ireland. His father was a nurseryman and was killed at a railway crossing, January 13th, 1878. The subject of this sketch was educated at home and at G. F. Needham’s Academy, Rochester, New York. On his father’s death he succeeded him in business, which he still carries on. In 1861 he was married to Catharine Angeline, daughter of Joseph Calverley, of Orillia. Mr. Calverley was born in Hull, England, and married Mary A. Stewart, of London, England. By his marriage Major Gray has six children, viz.: William Thomas, John Calverley, Frank Albert, Emma Louisa, Ida Marion and Caroline. In religion he is a member of the Church of England. Major Gray is a Liberal-Conservative and in the elections of February, 1883, for the Ontario Legislature, was returned for West York, redeeming a constituency which for twelve years had been Reform. He is a member of the A.F. and A.M., C.O.O.F., also President of the Toronto Electoral Division, and second Vice-president of the Toronto Horticultural Society. Major Gray was enrolled in the Toronto Field Battery in 1856, and in 1860 was appointed Drill Instructor. On March 8th, 1856, he was commissioned First Lieutenant, and in October, 1869, was with a division of the battery on board the gunboat Prince Alfred, which was cruising from Sarnia to Amherstburg. In 1870 he was commissioned Captain; in 1875 Brevet Major, and in 1883 Major commanding the Toronto Field Battery. He commanded the brigade of artillery in camp in 1882, 1883 and 1884. On May 8th, 1877, he received a letter of thanks from the Major-General commanding the Militia, for his offer to raise a battery for active service in the East. On the incorporation of Parkdale in 1879, he was elected reeve, and occupied that position for three years.

Joseph Gray, 194 Beverley Street, was born in London in 1816, and came to Canada in 1834. On his arrival in Toronto he entered the service of J. D. & G. Ridout, as an assistant, and remained about six months, removing afterwards to what is now known as Willow Dale, where he taught school for ten years. He had received a good education at Madras House, Hackney, London, which fitted him for almost any position; on giving up teaching he returned to the city and was engaged as book-keeper and clerk in the wholesale store of B. Thorne & Co. After some time spent in this occupation, he entered the service of the Port Hope and Lindsay Railroad, since called the Midland Railway, subsequently appointed as Receiver by the Bank of Upper Canada. He engaged with the Nipissing Railroad Company, as accountant, in November, 1873, and continued to act in that capacity until the railway was sold in 1881. Mr. Gray is a member of the St. George’s Society, and a follower of the Methodist Church. He married in 1839, Rachael, daughter of Isaac Lamoreaux, who was one of the early settlers in Scarboro’ Township. Mr. Lamoreaux was ninety-nine years and ten months old when he died. Mr. Gray married again, his second wife being Elizabeth, daughter of Adam Break, of Markham. Mr. Gray received by presentation a handsome watch from Mr. Gooderham, on the occasion of his retirement from the services of the Toronto and Nipissing Railroad Company.

Samuel David Hagel, M.D., was born at Hagel’s Corners, in the County of Oxford, Ontario, in 1842, on the farm owned and reclaimed from the forest by his father, Samuel Hagel, who was also a born resident of that district. The parents on both sides were of U.E. Loyalist descent. His early education was received at the Common and Grammar schools of his native county. He also taught school for nearly eight years in the same county. In 1867 he matriculated in medicine at the University of Toronto, graduating in 1873, receiving the University and State medals for that year, and the scholarship for the previous year. On graduating he immediately began practice in this city, where he has built up a large and lucrative practice. Dr. Hagel organized and commanded a company of volunteers in the 22nd Oxford Rifles, during the Fenian troubles of 1866. He married in 1864, Miss Mary Ann Moyer, of Oxford County, by whom he has three daughters, all living.

J. B. Hall, M.D., M.C.P.S., of Hahnemann Villa, 326 and 328 Jarvis Street, is a native of Lincoln, England. He received his education at the University of Oberlin, O.; Homœopathic Hospital College of Cleveland, and the Missouri Homœopathic College of St. Louis, Mo. In 1862 he established practice in Cleveland, afterwards St. Paul, Minn., where he remained several years, and commenced practice in Toronto in 1880. Dr. Hall is an out-and-out exponent of the principles of homœopathy.

William Hall was born in County Fermanagh, Ireland, 1800. His parents were Charles and Mary (Carruthers) Hall. He crossed the Atlantic in 1824 and settled in the City of Boston, where he resided about seven years, learning while there the trade of carpenter. He returned to Ireland in 1831, and after a stay of two years came back to Boston. In 1834 he married Margaret, eldest daughter of Mitchell and Isabella (Armstrong) Swords, and two months after this event he removed to Little York, where he purchased a lot and built a home. He worked for the late Richard Woodsworth for ten years; the latter had the order to build the scaffold on which Lount and Matthews were to be hung, but Mr. Hall refused decidedly to work at it. Mr. Hall is and always has been a staunch Reformer in politics, and a Methodist in religion. He occupied a seat in the Council as representative of St. John’s Ward in 1853, and was also School Trustee for St. Patrick’s Ward. Mr. Hall is still living at his home on Seaton Street, and has arrived at the good old age of eighty-five years; he has one daughter and two sons; the former is a widow and resides with him. Mark Hall, the eldest son, was born in 1837, and is an architect by profession. He early learned the building business with his father, who carried on that business for many years, retiring in 1870.

Sidney Hamilton is descended from a family of U. E. Loyalists. His grandfather, Thomas Hamilton, after serving through the Revolutionary War, settled in Nova Scotia with his family. The parents of our subject, Thomas and Ann Hamilton, left Nova Scotia and settled at Port Dover, Upper Canada, upon wild land, which they cleared and resided upon several years; Thomas, a brother of our subject, being the first white child born in that neighbourhood. While living at Port Dover a journey of fifteen miles had frequently to be made to grind a grist of corn, while flour was procured from Chippewa. In 1795 Mr. Hamilton removed to York, and purchased two acres of land on the north-east corner of King and George Streets, where he built a house, which became the family residence for a number of years. During the War of 1812 he opened a general store in the same house, and shortly afterwards built the Hamilton Hotel and Ship Hotel on Market Street. During the early days of senior Mr. Hamilton’s residence in York he purchased a small schooner, and was engaged in carrying passengers to and from Niagara. He belonged to the York volunteers, and participated in the defence of York. After its capitulation the American soldiers discovered his red coat hanging in his house, and were about to take him prisoner, when, through the intercession of some of the American officers, he was liberated. He afterwards became Coroner of the United Counties, and also served a number of years as Deputy-Sheriff. He died at the age of sixty-five. Sidney was the youngest of a family of ten children, born in York, February 2nd, 1811. He attended the early schools of the place; after the death of his father he began sailing on the lakes. The first vessel he commanded was the schooner Wood Duck, after which he owned in succession the Commerce, the William Gamble, the Rose, the Isabella and the Alliance. With the latter he was engaged in transporting merchandise between Halifax and Chicago. In 1864, in connection with his son Robert, he established another dock in Toronto, known as Hamilton’s Wharf, and is now engaged in the same business at the George Street Elevator. During the Rebellion of 1837 he belonged to the old fire brigade, and was on duty at the Don Bridge. In politics he has always been a pronounced Reformer, and in religion a member of the Zion Congregational Church. In 1837 he married Ann Coulthard, by whom he had eleven children (eight sons and three daughters), of whom four are now living. Margaret married William Evans, of St. Catharines; Robert is in business with his father; Elizabeth married John Adams, Assistant Inspector for the Bank of Toronto; Henry, a barrister, is now practising law at Sault Ste. Marie, Ont.

John Harper, retired builder and architect, is the son of Richard Harper, an Englishman, who left Belfast, Ireland, in 1810, and crossing the ocean settled in New York, where for seven years he manufactured looms. Richard Harper’s wife was Jane, eldest daughter of James Dalrymple, a Scotchman, by whom he had one son, John, and two daughters, Elizabeth, the widow of William Somerset; and Catharine who is dead. In 1817 the family left New York, and crossing Lake Ontario in the schooner Mayflower (Captain Paterson), located at Little York, where Richard Harper commenced his business, that of a builder. He died in 1834; his wife died in 1836. John Harper was born in Belfast, Ireland, in 1806, and came to America with his parents. He learned the building trade with his father, and continued at it from 1829 until 1856. He built the stone barracks for the New Fort, St. Michael’s Cathedral, Trinity Church (Trinity Square), the General Hospital, and the first Observatory in Toronto, besides numerous private residences; he also laid the foundation for the Lunatic Asylum. In 1856 Mr. Harper became an architect, and superintended the erection of the Post Office, and the Court Street Fire Hall and Police Station. In 1834 he built what is now the Newsboys’ Home, but which was then intended for the Canada Company’s Offices; he also built the first depot and machine shop for the Northern Railway. Mr. Harper sat in the City Council during the first three years of its incorporation, 1834-5-6; he was assessor for St. James’s Ward for a number of years. He was offered the appointment of Justice of the Peace, but considering that it would interfere with his business he declined the honour. In politics he is a Reformer, and in religion, a Methodist. Mr. Harper married the youngest daughter of Wm. Miles, of Ireland, by whom he has now living three sons, William, John and George; and one daughter married to J. P. Edwards. George R. Harper, architect, is the youngest in a family of ten children, and was born in Toronto in 1843. He commenced the study of architecture in 1861, in the office of the late Wm. Irving, with whom he remained for three years; then he went to New York, and at the end of five years returned to Toronto, where he has been ever since. He made the designs for the Police Court building, and built Gurney’s foundry, besides other large buildings. He has been a member of the City Council.

Reverend Elmore Harris, B.A., Pastor of Bloor Street Baptist Church, is the second son of Alanson Harris, Esq., of English descent, of the firm of A. Harris, Son & Co., manufacturers of mowers and reapers, Brantford, Ontario, and a prominent citizen of that city. Mr. Harris, sen’r, was born in Oxford County, Ontario, about 1820, and married, in 1840, Miss Mary Morgan, of Beamsville, and formerly of Glamorganshire, Wales. The Rev. Elmore Harris was born near Brantford. He received his early education at the High School, Beamsville, and subsequently at St. Catharines Collegiate Institute. In 1872 he entered on his University course at Toronto, and graduated in 1877. In 1876 he took charge of the Centre Street Baptist Church, in St. Thomas, Ontario, where he remained until 1882. About this time he received a call from the congregation of the Yorkville Baptist Church, and took charge of the same; but the locality proving most inconvenient it was determined to erect a new church, which was carried out at a cost of nearly $40,000. The new church was built on Bloor Street West, corner of North. The average attendance in 1882 was about one hundred, and has since increased to five hundred. In 1877 the subject of this sketch married Miss Ruth Shenston, youngest daughter of T. S. Shenston, Esq., Registrar of Brant County, Ontario. They have two children, Burton and Helen Mary. The new church referred to is fully described on page 316, Vol. I.

Samuel Retallack Harris, a York Pioneer, and a well-known and highly-respected citizen of Toronto, was born at Roseneaque, the parish of St. Keverne, near Helston, Cornwall, England, in 1818. He was the youngest son in a family of seven children, two boys and five girls, born to John and Mary (Retallack) Harris. His father was a farmer, who lived on his farm for about seventy-five years, and died in 1873,in the ninety-fifth year of his age. There is now only one sister living at St. Keverne. Mr. Harris left home when thirteen years of age to learn a trade, and remained away about three years—until his mother’s death, which took place in 1834—and the same year he took passage on a sailing vessel bound for the New World. The time occupied in the voyage was five weeks and three days, from the point of departure to the arrival in Quebec, and the journey from that point to Toronto was accomplished in two weeks. The mode of locomotion was in Durham boats, drawn by oxen, and the route lay through the Rideau Canal. From Kingston they took the steamer William IV., by which means the journey was completed. The description given by Mr. Harris of the appearance of Toronto at that time (1834) is worth recording. He says: “Well do I remember going from the market up King Street to Yonge, jumping from one stone to another, there being no sidewalks. From King up to Yonge Street was a better sidewalk on the west side, laid down by our old and esteemed friend, Jesse Ketchum, with tan bark. There were no brick buildings as now. There was an old fence covered with hides drying for the tannery. In this same year,” continues Mr. Harris, “William Lyon Mackenzie was elected Mayor of Toronto, not by the people but by the Council.” Mr. Harris did not remain long in Toronto on his first visit, but returned to Kingston and entered the employ of John Collar, a boot and shoe merchant, with whom he stayed four years, and it was during this period that the Rebellion broke out. Mr. Harris became a volunteer in Captain James Jackson’s Company and was under arms six months, but never saw much active service; he was a Sergeant in his corps. In 1838 he once more found his way to Toronto, and although work was plentiful there was hardly any money in circulation, wages being chiefly paid in store goods. In 1838 T. D. Harris first issued his twenty-five and fifty-cent “shin-plasters,” which currency passed as good as gold in those days. Mr. Harris also records the fact that not many improvements were made in the city until 1840. “When you see the large brick buildings fast taking the place of the old shanties on King Street; who would have thought,” he exclaims, “that the Toronto of 1834 would be the Toronto of to-day?” Mr. Harris was married in the year 1850, his wife being Ann, daughter of Richard Hocken, of Montreal. The family were of English extraction, and came to Canada in 1818. By his marriage he has four sons living, and one daughter, Mrs. J. H. A. Taylor, living in Toronto. His youngest son resides in the city, and is book-keeper to Messrs. Mason & Risch; the other three sons are in the United States. Mr. Harris has taken an active part in the affairs of mutual benefit societies and brotherhoods, and was initiated in the City of Toronto Lodge of Oddfellows in 1844, and is now the oldest initiated Oddfellow of good standing in the city. He was elected Grand Master of the Order in 1870, and retired the following year. Mr. Harris was presented with a gold watch and chain, and his wife with a silver tea service by the brethren of Toronto. He is now a member of the Ontario; the Dominion; the Alma and the Purple Encampment (Hamilton Orders). On March 18th, 1862, he joined the Wilson Lodge (No. 86) of Freemasons, and is still a member of good standing. He was elected and held the office of Treasurer of that Lodge for ten years, and at the end of five years’ service in that capacity he was presented with a Mason’s gold ring, and on his retirement from the same, received a testimonial taking the form of a gold-headed cane. Mr. Harris filled the position of postmaster at Yorkville for one year in 1862; which position he resigned. In religion he belongs to the Church of England.

George Haskin was born in Devonshire, England, in 1844, and in 1870 came to Canada, locating in Toronto. He was traveller for O’Keefe, the brewer, for seven years, and shortly after engaged in the hotel business, at the corner of King and Princess Streets, known as the Red Rose Hotel. This he continued till 1883, since which time he has been engaged in erecting houses. In 1865 he married Miss Annie Palfree, a native of Devonshire, also, by whom he has two sons.

G. M. Hawke was born in Bath, Ontario, August 12th, 1826, being the third son in a family of seven children. His father, Anthony Baudon Hawke, came to Canada from Cornwall, England, at the close of the War of 1812, and settled in Prince Edward County. He was afterwards appointed Chief Emigration Agent of Upper Canada, and came to live in Toronto; he died in Whitby, October, 1865. At his death he left a family of two sons and three daughters, viz.: Edward Henry, living in New York; George M.; Louisa, married Judge Dartnell; Harriet, married Lyman English, of Oshawa; Eliza, married Mr. Hawkins, of Colchester.

Charles Heath was born in India, and was the only son in a family of three children. His father was Brigadier-General Heath, who was born in Lexington, Essex, England. He entered the British army when quite young, and was killed in action at Madras, India. Mr. Heath came to Canada in 1836, and was followed by his mother shortly afterwards. He purchased Deer Park. After he came here he was for some years in the Dragoons, and was a volunteer during the Mackenzie Rebellion; he rose from the rank of First Cornet to that of Major. In 1847 he was admitted to the bar.

Alexander Henderson, J.P., is a native of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and was born in the year 1824. He came to Canada in 1834, locating in Little York, being at that time about ten years of age. He entered the general business house of William Mathers, Queen Street West, then known as Lot Street. In 1842 he commenced business for himself with such success that he was enabled in 1857 to retire, and has since lived as a private gentleman. Among the positions of public trust held by Mr. Henderson, it may be mentioned that he was for ten years an Alderman, and filled for five years the Chairmanship of Finance, and the Boards of Works and Health. He was a Director of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway, and also occupied a similar position in connection with the Union Building Society for upwards of twenty years. He was a Director of the House of Industry, and has been a member of St. Andrew’s Society since 1836. Mr. Henderson can remember many of the striking incidents that occurred during the Rebellion, and was an eye-witness of the execution of Lount and Matthews. He was appointed a Justice of the Peace for the City of Toronto and County of York some years ago, which position he fills with considerable ability. His residence is 50 Gerrard Street East.

ANDREW HERON.

Andrew Heron, at the present time the oldest native resident of the City of Toronto, the third son of Samuel and Sarah (Ashbridge) Heron, was born on November 30th, 1800, in a small log house erected by his father on the north side of Duke Street, near the present residence of the Hon. M. C. Cameron. His father was the youngest of a family of three sons, born at Kirkcudbright, Scotland, 1770. He emigrated to New York City, where he remained a short time, and then made his way to Niagara. In the spring of 1792 he left Niagara, with an ox team and cart laden with provisions and tools necessary in a new settlement, and journeyed around the lake by way of Hamilton. On arriving at the Don River, he crossed over in a rough scow, and proceeded to what is now known as Ashbridge’s Bay, and took up two hundred acres of land, where he found Mrs. Ashbridge and her sons, who had settled there a few months previous. December 14th, 1794, he married Sarah Ashbridge, whose people were English Quakers from Philadelphia. Being U. E. Loyalists, the mother and sons drew land from the Crown. In 1796 Mr. Heron concluded to try his fortune in mercantile life, and accordingly erected the log house on Duke Street and a log store on King Street. His first stock of goods was procured from Montreal. He continued in business for a few years, and subsequently settled on a Government tract of land of two hundred acres, on Yonge Street, about seven miles from the bay. It was located near what was called Heron’s Hill, afterwards Hogg’s Hollow. The steady and rapid influx of a thrifty class of emigrants and the clearing of their lands, offered inducements for other enterprises. He erected a saw and grist-mill, ashery and distillery, and opened a market for ashes which he converted into potash. His business increased rapidly and was in a thriving condition when in 1817 he died. Andrew Heron, the subject of this sketch, resided with his father until 1811, when he was sent to Niagara to live with his uncle Andrew, his father’s brother, who was a merchant at the latter place. After attending school for a short period he entered his uncle’s store as a clerk. In 1812, at the breaking out of the war between the United States and Great Britain, he was attending school at Niagara, in close proximity to Fort George. The same spirit that provoked the two nations to draw the sword was shared by the youth of that day, and many were the battles fought between juvenile rebels and loyalists, who used stones to good advantage, the former being often compelled to take refuge within the fort. When York was attacked, in April, 1813, by the American fleet under Commodore Chauncey and General Dearborn, Mr. Heron was upon Niagara Commons. He heard the roar of cannon and the explosion of the powder magazine, and naturally felt very anxious about the fate of his father and brother, who belonged to the York Militia, which participated in the engagement. His brother John fought at the battle of Lundy’s Lane, where he was shot. While he lay in a ploughed field, the enemy passed over him, thinking him dead. He afterwards rejoined the British forces, and, having served during the war, received a pension until his death. Andrew was also at the Battle of Queenston Heights. He saw the American prisoners as they were escorted through Niagara on their way down the lake, and was present at the funeral of General Brock, who had fallen at Queenston Heights, while cheering on his men to the attack. He was at Niagara when the Americans burned and sacked the town, and witnessed his uncle’s house and store devoured by the flames. After the close of the war Mr. Heron was summoned by the Government to Ancaster to give evidence against some American sympathizers, who were tried and convicted before Chief Justice Robinson. In 1819 Mr. Heron left Niagara and came to York, working upon his uncle Ashbridge’s farm until 1822, when he returned to Niagara, where he rented from his uncle Andrew a small row boat, which he began plying between Niagara and the Youngstown ferry. “Sevenpence ha’penny” was the fare charged for one passenger. The fresh arrival of immigrants at that time rendering ferry business very profitable, the enterprising young boatman was soon compelled to increase the facilities for transit. He constructed a horse-boat—the horse being on deck attached to a windlass, which transferred the power to a wheel at the stern. Mr. Heron continued running the ferry until 1835. In 1829 he married Cynthia, youngest daughter of Cornelius Beaugardis, an American lady of German extraction, by whom he had four sons and one daughter, only one son now surviving. In 1835 he placed the ferry business in charge of another person, and opened a store at the Town of Niagara, which he conducted until 1838, when, in consequence of the increasing travel, he embarked in the steamboat business, by forming a joint partnership with Thomas Lockhart and Thomas Dick. The first boat, called the Experiment, was launched at Niagara and ran between York and Hamilton. She did not prove to be a paying investment, and was sold upon Mr. Lockhart retiring from the business, which was conducted by Mr. Heron and Captain Dick, who soon after built the City of Toronto, a side-wheel boat built at Niagara in 1840, afterwards called the Algoma.

James Herson, provision dealer, was born in the County of Tyrone, Ireland, in 1831, and when only three months old was brought to Canada by his parents, John and Mary Ann (MacDonald) Herson. He was the youngest in a family of five sons and four daughters. His father located in Little York, and being a carpenter carried on that trade; but only for a few months however, for, before a year had elapsed, he died from sunstroke; three of his sons also were carpenters. When he attained the age of fifteen he entered the employ of Andrew Heron, who owned several steamers. He ran on the old City of Toronto, the Chief Justice Robinson, the American, the Eclipse, and the Peerless (on which he was steward), owned by Mr. Heron and Captain Dick; it ran between Toronto and Niagara, and made two trips a day. Mr. Herson was on the Rescue that ran on Lake Superior, between Collingwood and Fort William, and had the honour of assorting the first mail that passed through Canadian territory. After leaving the steamer Rescue, he went fur trading among the Indians on the North Shore of Lake Superior, where he lived four years, during that time undergoing great hardships and having no nearer white neighbour than within a distance of eighty miles. He subsequently left that part of the country and engaged in blockade running until the close of the American War. This event over he went into business as provision dealer in St. Lawrence Market of this city, where he has since remained. He has two sisters living in Toronto and one in Dresden, Ont. Mr. Herson married a daughter of George Lennon. Our subject does not take much interest in municipal affairs, but has been a member of the Separate School Board.

William Hewitt, deceased, was born at Hazelend, Essex, England, July 21st, 1794. He came to Montreal in 1820, and remained one season, at the end of which he returned home; four years later he came to York and located on King Street, near the Market, where he was engaged as a manufacturer for five years. During his residence in Toronto, Mr. and Mrs. Hewitt (Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Richardson, whom he married on January 28th, 1819), were two of nine members who organized the first Baptist Church in York (now the Jarvis Street Baptist Church); three years later he removed to the Credit, where he remained a short time and then settled at Charlotteville, where he remained until the time of his death on August 1st, 1883. He held the office of Clerk of Division Court for forty-eight years, the duties of which office were punctually and satisfactorily discharged by him. He was also a magistrate for many years; in politics he was a Baldwin Reformer. Although nearly ninety years of age his mental faculties were clear and his mind seemed unimpaired up to the day of his death. For over sixty years he honoured his profession as a Christian and then passed away one of Ontario’s oldest Baptists, well versed in the history of the church, an original thinker, highly intelligent, a true Christian and a gentleman. The high esteem in which he was held was evinced by the attendance of a large number of the oldest and most influential citizens at his funeral. He was a much-loved parent of eleven children, ten of whom survived him: Joseph R. (in Springfield, Mass.); William, 31 Magill Street; John, died in 1855; Thomas, carriage manufacturer, Templeton, Mass.; Elizabeth, Sarah, David and George, twins, Toronto, Ont.; Mary, living at Vittoria; Ellen, married John Palmer, a builder, Chicago; Hannah, married Joseph Pullan, Barrie, Ont.; William, passed his early life at Norfolk, Ont., until he was eighteen years of age; he came to Toronto in 1839, and entered the service of the late Peter Paterson, hardware dealer, with whom he served for eighteen years; he then engaged in business for himself, on the corner of Yonge and Adelaide Streets, for twenty-two years. For some time past he has been representing various manufacturing firms throughout Ontario. In 1846 he married Mary, daughter of James Skirrow, of the Township of Trafalgar, who was one of the earliest settlers. There are at the present time twenty-two grand and eighteen great-grandchildren, descendants of Mr. Wm. Hewitt, sen’r.

Robert John Hill, retired, was born in Buckinghamshire, England, September 10th, 1820, being the eldest of seven children. His parents, James and Mary (Aris) Hill, came from England with their family in 1825, and settled at Utica, N.Y. In 1829 they left there and came to Little York by way of the Erie Canal, and across the lake from Lewiston in the steamer Canada, commanded by Captain Hugh Richardson. For a while they stayed at an hotel on Church Street, kept by a man named Secord; then they moved into a small house on Adelaide Street. James Hill was a carpenter and worked at that trade until 1834 when he died of the cholera; his wife died in 1879. The subject of this sketch was educated at the old central school of which Mr. Sprague, father of the late Chief Justice, was the master. While still a boy he became apprenticed for six years to John Esmond, that he might learn the tinsmith trade (Esmond’s shop was on the north side of King, between Bay and York Streets). He then worked for Mr. William Musson for four years, after which he was in the employ of Hiram Piper for five or six years, and subsequently in that of Henry Booth for five years. Mr. Hill became a member of the fire brigade in 1839, before his apprenticeship had expired; at that time Hiram Piper was Captain of the hook-and-ladder company, while William Musson was Captain of Nos. 1 and 2 hand engines, which were very primitive affairs. Mr. Hill was Captain of the hook-and-ladder company for twelve years. He witnessed many of the events of the Rebellion of 1837-8. He was one of the guards placed over John Montgomery when the latter was arrested and confined in the Parliament House. Mr. Hill has been twice married; first to Jane, daughter of John Wardrobe, of Cumberland, England; his second wife was Mrs. Salters, whose maiden name was Armstrong. He has a son living in Woodstock. In politics Mr. Hill is a Conservative. He is still in the Toronto Fire Brigade as engineer of the steamer “James B. Boustead,” and his cry is “Ever ready.”

William Hill was born in England in 1832. He came to Canada in 1851, and the same year removed to the United States where he stayed four years. In 1855 he again took up his residence in Toronto. He has held the position of Inspector of Drains for the city the last five years. In 1853 he married Miss Jane Ripon who died in 1854, leaving one child. He married again, his second wife being Miss Jane Smith, by whom he had nine children, seven of whom are living.

William Hill, jun’r, 71 Cumberland Street, was born on lot 5, concession 1, west of Yonge Street in 1816. His grandfather, Thomas Hill, and his father, William Hill, emigrated from Somersetshire, England, in 1793, and landed at St. John, New Brunswick, with Governor Simcoe. They arrived at Little York in 1794 and pitched their tents on the west side of the River Don, the place being then marked by three Indian wigwams. In 1803 his grandfather removed from Little York to lot 15, concession 1, York Township, and afterwards located on lot 5, west of Yonge Street, where his grandfather and father died. His father left at his death six sons and six daughters. The subject of this sketch came to Toronto in 1839 and worked at his trade of carpenter. He married in 1836, Margaret Cathcart, daughter of the late Alexander Cathcart, of York Township.

C. A. Hirschfelder, U. S. Vice-Consul, Mail buildings, 52 and 54 King Street West, is a native of Toronto, being the son of J. M. Hirschfelder, Professor of Oriental Languages, Toronto University. He was appointed U. S. Vice-Consul on the retirement of Mr. D. Thurston. Mr. Hirschfelder is a Canadian archæologist, which he has made a life study, whose lectures and writings on this and kindred topics, together with his collection of Canadian archæology, now in the Dominion Museum, Ottawa, has given him a wide reputation. The collection is said to be one of the finest in the world of Canadian archæology. Mr. Hirschfelder is a member of many learned societies in Europe and America.

John Hirst was born in Wakefield, Yorkshire, England. He emigrated to Canada in 1854, and located at Toronto, where he followed his trade of painter, working for the Grand Trunk Railway Company. He remained at this occupation until 1863, entering then into the hotel business, taking charge of the St. Lawrence Hotel, on King Street. He then went to the corner of Berkeley and King Streets, subsequently to Francis Street, afterwards to the Schiller House. He remained at the latter place nine years, and previous to retiring from business was for some time proprietor of the Russell House, on Yonge Street. He retired in 1883, having conducted the hotel business uninterruptedly for twenty-two years. Mr. Hirst married in 1854, previous to leaving England, Miss Sarah Graves Cherry, of Yorkshire, England, by whom he has six daughters and one son living. He is largely interested in real estate, owning fourteen houses in the city.

JOHN G. HOWARD.

John G. Howard, Esq., the well-known Ranger of High Park, to whose munificent liberality the people of Toronto owe the magnificent stretch of woodland at the western city limits which bears that name, is not only one of the oldest residents in the city, but has also, perhaps, from his own professional point of view, been more closely identified with the city’s growth and improvement than any of his contemporaries. As will be seen further on, Mr. Howard has had a hand in the construction of nearly all the local public institutions and works that are not of recent date, and in the pursuit of his profession he has been brought into contact with the majority of the public men whose names figure prominently in the early history of the city and county. The writer has had an opportunity of examining Mr. Howard’s notes of his impressions and experiences in York; and will, as occasion requires, freely draw in the following sketch upon this fund of old time reminiscences. Mr. Howard was born on the 27th of July, 1803, in a village twenty-one miles north of the old City of London. At the age of nine he was sent to a boarding-school in the town of Hertford, where he remained five years. When fifteen years old he went to sea as a boy before the mast, and served for two years; but was then compelled to give up a sailor’s life owing to an incurable liability to sea-sickness—a complaint to which he has ever since been a martyr when crossing the ocean. The time he had spent at sea had not, however, been lost, as he had devoted considerable time to the study of navigation and practical geometry and marine surveying. These mathematical studies probably determined his future career, for on abandoning a seafaring life he turned his attention to land surveying, engineering and architecture, and entered the office of his uncle, a contractor, living at Kennington Cross. Subsequently he studied under Mr. John Grayson, architect, Banner Street, St. Luke’s, London, and on leaving Mr. Grayson, went on a professional tour through the County of Kent, where, for a short time, he was employed by the architect in charge of the work of rebuilding Leeds Castle, near Maidstone. He then entered the office of the Cutbushes, contracting architects, Maidstone; but in 1824 he returned to London and was employed by Mr. William Ford, architect, Mark Lane, London, England, who the following year married Mr. Howard’s sister. In 1827 Mr. Howard married Miss Jemima Frances Meikle. He remained with Mr. Ford, who entrusted him with several important undertakings, until 1831, when, the times being bad and building operations being at a standstill, he began to look about for a more profitable field of labour. Attracted by the glowing accounts given by Mr. Cattermole, agent of the Canada Company, of the opportunities offered by that country, he resolved to emigrate thither, intending to settle at Goderich, where his wife had relatives. In the spring of 1832 he took passage for Quebec, but missed his vessel, and was compelled to wait until June, when he embarked on the Emperor Alexander, which, bound for the same port, sailed on the 27th. The voyage was an eventful one. At the outset, Mr. and Mrs. Howard, who had gone ashore at Gravesend to see some relatives, found themselves left behind, but their vessel had only a few minutes’ start and they were able to catch her. On the third day out, the Emperor Alexander ran aground on the Spaniard Bank, off Herne Bay, which involved a delay of ten hours. On the same day Mr. Howard was all but knocked overboard by the boom suddenly jibbing, and was only just saved in time by the captain. From this day out his daily record during the voyage was one of sea-sickness and wretchedness. On the 2nd of July, at Ryde, Isle of Wight, he was again left behind by the ship, but as the captain was one of the derelict party the mistake was speedily rectified. Two days later, another party, including Mr. Howard, left the ship in a small boat to shoot, but a breeze springing up they were horrified to find that the ship had outsailed them and was five miles away. The breeze freshened, the boat sprung a leak, and the terrified occupants gave themselves up for lost, for the ship was now fifteen miles off and they were a hundred miles from land. Fortunately, the gale abated, and the ship, observing their signals, put about and took them aboard just at nightfall. Five days in bed was the penalty the sportsmen had to pay for their venturesomeness. But for all this another party underwent an exactly similar experience a few days later, and were only rescued after eighteen hours’ exposure. On the twenty-eighth day out, a mutiny occurred, but was promptly suppressed. On the 10th of August the ship was all but run ashore on the Bird Islands, owing to the drunken incapacity of the captain and first mate, and on the 15th, during the absence of the captain ashore, a mutiny on a small scale occurred among the steerage passengers. Finally Quebec was reached on the 29th of August, after a passage of nine weeks and three days. Cholera was at this time prevalent at Quebec, and while attending the funeral of a child, who had died on board on the day on which the voyage terminated, Mr. Howard contracted the disease in a mild form. His description of the scene in the cholera burying ground is not an attractive one. “We were obliged,” he says, “to wait several hours for a priest. There was no less than seven or eight waggons with rough deal coffins waiting in the hot sun for the said priest. The coffins were nailed together, of unseasoned inch boards, the lids had shrunk and warped, so that you could get your hand in, and the stench from them was dreadful.” On the 4th Mr. Howard started by steamboat for Montreal, where he arrived the next day. The journey from Montreal to York was made by coach as far as Cornwall, and the rest of the way by steamboat—the entire trip taking six days, making eleven weeks and three days from London. On the arrival of Mr. and Mrs. Howard at York an incident occurred which completely changed their plans. “Going up Church Street from the landing, I was very much astonished to see in a huckster’s window a very handsome carving-knife and fork for sale of which I had made my brother-in-law a present before they left England. Going into the shop, judge of my surprise to find my wife’s sister, whom I believed to be in Goderich.” Mr. Howard had agreed to take apartments with a fellow-traveller, but as they could not be secured until the spring, he and his wife had to content themselves for the winter with an attic room and kitchen. And a very hard winter they put in. Before taking possession of his new quarters, Mr. Howard went with his brother-in-law to Hamilton, where he met a gentleman who informed him that the Honourable Peter Robinson had requested that the first architect who arrived at Hamilton should be sent to York. From this gentleman Mr. Howard obtained a letter of introduction to Mr. Robinson, but this letter was not delivered until the spring. From Hamilton Mr. Howard started for Goderich, but did not succeed in getting any farther than Paris. At this time there were only two houses in Paris, a tavern and a large farm house, the latter belonging to a Mr. Capon. With this gentleman Mr. Howard agreed to lay out the land for a village, taking a town lot of five acres in part payment for his professional services. But the food and lodging proved to be so bad that he was compelled to throw up the contract and to return to Hamilton, and thence to York. On the advice of a friend Mr. Howard delayed presenting his letter of introduction to Mr. Robinson until he should be able to submit some specimen of his abilities as a draughtsman. Accordingly, he set to work in a cheerless attic, without any fire, and with only such light as was afforded by a sky-light, which during the greater part of the time was covered with snow. One can imagine what the sufferings of this heroic couple during the long winter must have been. However, Mr. Howard worked on bravely, and produced a series of designs for log houses, frame buildings, brick buildings, churches, villas, hotels, and rows of stores. With these he waited on Mr. Robinson about the middle of March; but finding his expected patron engaged, he left the drawings and the letter of introduction, and said he would call again in a week. At the time appointed the luckless architect called once more, only to find that the roll of drawings had not been opened. Then a scene occurred, which Mr. Howard shall himself describe: “I told him (Mr. Robinson) that I had been given to understand that a professional emigrant visiting Canada would receive the kindest attention from the Government employés, and that while drawing those plans I had sat in a garret for a month, without any fire, and only lighted from a sky-light in the roof, oftentimes covered with snow, and that my wife had read to me; but I suppose he had read the story of the Boy and the Frogs—it was fun to him, but death to us. He turned pale, and said: ‘I am very sorry, Mr. Howard; but if you knew how I have been worried with business, you would not blame me.’ ‘That is quite sufficient, sir, and I am sorry for what I have said,’ and we shook hands. He then wrote a letter to Col. Rowen, the Governor’s private secretary, asking him to lay the drawings on the Governor’s drawing-room table, as His Excellency was going to have a party that night.” This was done, and the result of the little stratagem was that next morning Mr. Howard received a summons to the Government House. He was most kindly received by Sir John Colborne, who complimented him upon the drawings, and asked permission to enter them in the competition which was shortly to take place for the position of drawing-master at Upper Canada College, for which there were already six applicants. Mr. Howard consented, although he had not prepared the drawings with the care he would have bestowed upon them had he known they were to be entered for a competition, and the result justified his Excellency’s anticipations. Towards the latter end of March, Mr. Howard received a notification that the appointment had been awarded to him, and that he would be required to enter upon his new duties on the first day of April, 1833. The salary attached to the position was one hundred pounds sterling per annum, and the hours of attendance were three hours a day for four days in the week. Mr. Howard was permitted to carry on his professional work at the college in order to give his pupils an opportunity of acquainting themselves with the details of this particular branch of the art. In connection with his position at Upper Canada College, Mr. Howard relates an incident which is worth reproducing, as giving an insight into Sir John Colborne’s domestic relations. “I had,” he says, “as pupils, three of his Excellency’s sons. His Excellency was very kind, and used to come to my room to see the boys at work. He said he wished me not to make any difference because they were the Governor’s sons; but to chastise them the same as the other boys, if necessary. The eldest son began to show his temper; but his father said he need not show his temper, for he meant what he said. I told his Excellency that I felt sure there would be no necessity for anything of the kind, as they were young gentlemen, and would always be treated as such by me.” But the drawing-mastership at Upper Canada College was not the only benefit that accrued to the disheartened architect from the exhibition of his designs at the Government House reception. Several gentlemen who had seen them, among them Dr. Widmer, Mr. James G. Chewett, and the Lord Bishop Stewart of Quebec, visited Mr. Howard and gave him orders for designs for church buildings. The story of the visit of the Bishop of Quebec is amusing: “His lordship called to pay his respects to Mrs. Howard, who was busy washing in one corner of a large kitchen. She took her hands out of the wash-tub, and the bishop shook hands with her, remarking that her small hands had never been used to that kind of work, and that if the ladies when they came to Canada would unbend as she had done, and, when necessary, perform such work, Canada would have a better name than she has now got.” The tide had now turned, and the despairing emigrant found himself on the high road to prosperity. Orders came in rapidly, and during the remainder of this year Mr. Howard had his hands full. He built Dr. Widmer’s cottage on Front Street, Thomas Mercer Jones’ villa on York and Front Streets, Chewett’s Buildings, and the British Coffee House—the latter on the part of the site now occupied by the Rossin House. He also erected the two lodges at the Queen Street entrance to the College Avenue, one of which was demolished in 1882. During the second year of Mr. Howard’s residence in Canada, 1834, the year of the incorporation of the City of Toronto, he was appointed by the Mayor, William Lyon Mackenzie, to the position of City Surveyor, and in this capacity he laid down the first sidewalks in the city, consisting of two twelve-inch planks placed side by side longitudinally. He also gained the premium of £30 for laying out the Market Block. Having practised as a land surveyor in England, Mr. Howard was desirous of adding that business to his practice as an architect, but found to his disgust that he could not do so without a license, and such a license was only obtainable after serving six months with a provincial land surveyor. Accordingly he made an arrangement with Mr. James G. Chewett, head draughtsman in the Crown Lands Department, under whom he was employed to make a survey of the harbour and peninsula. Subsequently he passed his examination, gave £500 security to the Government, and on the 26th of January, 1836, received his license as a provincial land surveyor. In 1835 and 1836 Mr. Howard’s business had increased rapidly, for he drew plans and specifications, and let the contracts for twelve private dwelling houses and a number of stores, besides the fire hall and bell tower on Church Street. The following year he was in a position to build a private residence for himself—Colborne Lodge, High Park—and this only four years after he had despairingly worked in his fireless garret at the designs which were to bring him name and fame. During this year, too, in addition to work for private parties, he gained the premium of £45 for the approved plan of the court-house and jail. This was the year of the Rebellion, and on the celebrated Thursday, the 7th of December, we find Mr. Howard leading the right wing of the scouting party sent up Yonge Street to reconnoitre the rebels congregated at Montgomery’s tavern. With the close of the year Mr. Howard retired upon his laurels, and removed, on the 23rd December, from Chewett’s Buildings to his new residence at High Park. He records the fact that on the morning of Christmas Day he shot a deer and some quail in the rear portion of the Park, near Bloor Street. During 1838 Mr. Howard was engaged, as City Engineer, in superintending the construction of various municipal works, and was also employed by the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir George Arthur, to make alterations in and additions to the Government House and to build a new ball-room. He also received from Sir George his commission as Lieutenant in the Fourth Regiment of West York Militia, in recognition of his services on the occasion of the Montgomery’s tavern affair. After the fire of the following year (1839), by which the church of St. James was destroyed, Mr. Howard was called upon to report upon the condition of the ruins. But the crowning triumph of his career was obtained in 1840, when he was awarded the premium of £30 for the approved plan of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum. This success doubtless had the effect of spreading his reputation throughout the country, for during the next few years we find him superintending the erection of the court-house and jail at Peterborough and a new church at Chippewa; designing the alterations in Niagara church; building a new court-house and jail at Brockville; preparing plans for a jail and court-house for the Johnston district; erecting a new bridge—his own patent—at Bronte; drawing plans, etc., for a new jail and court-house at Perth; building a stone church for the Indians at Tyendinaga; drawing plans for houses for the Indians at Owen Sound; receiving the first premium of £50 for the approved plan for Queen’s College, Kingston; preparing the designs for Lennoxville College, for a large school-house at Quebec, and for churches at Lloydtown and Streetsville; building a church for the Indians on Manitoulin Island; making designs and estimates for and building churches and school-houses on Snake and Walpole Islands; building a branch of the Commercial Bank of Toronto at Hamilton; drawing plans and specifications for a new church at Newmarket; preparing several designs for Brock’s Monument, to be erected on Queenston Heights; taking the first prize and receiving instructions for the construction of a new market-house at Kingston; building St. John’s Church at York Mills; drawing plans and specifications for a new court-house at Belleville; for houses for the Indians at Saugeen; designing and erecting a branch bank at Hamilton and numerous private residences in various provincial towns. The vast extent of the business carried on at this time by Mr. Howard may be judged from the fact that the above operations were merely those undertaken by him outside the city during a period of six years; and that, compared with his undertakings at Toronto, all this was little or nothing. Yet, with this immense mass of business on his hands, he was in 1841 enabled to extend his sphere of operations, having received a license to practise as notary public. He was also engaged to some extent in arbitrations. Thus, in the year last named, he went to Kingston to settle the Duffil-McLeod building contracts, and the following year acted as arbitrator in settling the dispute between the Farmers’ Bank and John Ritchey, builder. Among the public works undertaken by Mr. Howard in Toronto at this period, and carried to a successful completion, were the following: Erection of the spire of St. Paul’s Church, Yorkville, 1841; swing bridge at the Humber; plans and specifications for the waterworks, Toronto; laying out St. James’ Cemetery; plans for a theatre in rear of 103 and 105 King Street, 1842; building a post-office on Wellington Street; constructing a main sewer and macadamising York Street from King to Wellington Street; laying out the grounds in front of Osgoode Hall; preparing designs for the Commercial Bank building, 1843; designing a Masonic hall and arcade from Wellington to Front Streets, 1844; designing and building the Bank of British North America, on the corner of Yonge and Wellington Streets; drawing plans and specifications of main sewers on King and Church Streets, 1845. And all this, it should be borne in mind, was in addition to Mr. Howard’s every-day duties as City Engineer—repairing streets, constructing new drains and culverts, levelling for side paths, laying out building lots, giving the levels for city buildings and settling accounts. Truly the man was indefatigable. It may be noted here, before passing on any further, that it was about this time, namely in 1842, that the first white brick building in the city was erected, Mr. Howard being the builder. The entry in his journal, date April the 1st, 1842, is as follows: “Built two stores on King Street, Nos. 103 and 105, with German silver sashes and plate glass. No. 103 was built with the first white brick that was used in the city. I gave the brick-maker £60 for twenty thousand. They were made from the clay on Yonge Street, off Mr. Sheriff Jarvis’s lot at Rosedale, by a man named Craig, who had some trouble in keeping the clay separate.” In 1846 Mr. Howard was engaged in extensive surveys of the peninsula—the Island we call it now—and the Harbour. It seems strange to hear of the Island being laid out in streets, yet this was what was done. Mr. Howard laid out two hundred and eighty-three acres in fifty-seven two-acre lots “on Trafalgar Street, Marine Parade, on Fitzroy Street, going north from the lighthouse, Vernon Street, at right angles to it, and Rodney and Duncan Streets.” It will be noticed that the names of all these streets, with the exception of the first two, are those of celebrated British admirals. Later on in the year, Mr. Howard made an accurate survey of the sand ridges bounding Toronto Harbour and Ashbridge’s Bay. But a more important work in this connection was that which he undertook in consequence of a communication from the Hon. F. Bonthillier, of the Crown Lands Department, requesting him to make a survey and plan of Toronto Harbour, showing the best method of constructing an esplanade and docking on the north side thereof, and taking several lines of soundings running out from the water’s edge at the ends of the different streets and wharves for a distance of ten chains into the bay, and from such other points which might be deemed necessary to perfect the undertaking. The work was commenced on the 2nd of May and was completed on the 23rd of the same month, one thousand six hundred and thirty-eight soundings in all having been taken. In this year Mr. Howard, in addition to his usual amount of private work within the city, prepared plans and specifications for a large house, to cost £3,000, to be erected in Quebec, and for the Toronto House of Industry, no charge being made in the latter case for the work done. He also built for himself, on York Street, a white brick front dwelling house, which he subsequently sold to the Rossin, which became part of the Rossin House. During the following year Mr. Howard made further surveys in connection with the harbour, viz.: of Ashbridge’s Bay, and built two bridges; also of the eastern strip of land (now the marsh) which divides it from Toronto Harbour; of the northern side of the peninsula to the western point opposite the Queen’s Wharf; and another survey of the same from Knott’s House to the lighthouse, and from thence to the lake on the west side of the lighthouse. He also made a survey of the River Don from the bridge on King Street to the rear of the first concession of the Township of York. Another triumph of his constructive art was achieved this year in the erection, on Front Street, of a large brewery and malthouse, the principal walls of which were built of stone in caissons sunk in six feet of water. About this time Mr. Howard became interested in Lake Huron copper mines, becoming president of a company formed for the purpose of working a mine on Serpent River. He made a survey of the Island of St. Joseph in this district, and located the town of Hilton. Thorough business man as he was, Mr. Howard yet found leisure to cultivate the fine arts. In the “Catalogue of the First Exhibition of the Society of Artists and Amateurs of Toronto, 1834,” we find him mentioned as a member of the committee; and on glancing through the pages of the brochure, we came across his name again and again as the exhibitor of no less than eighteen paintings and designs. Mrs. Howard, too, appears to have shared her husband’s artistic tastes, for appended to the catalogue is a copy of a letter to that lady from the Honorary Secretary of the association, expressing a hope that she might be induced to exhibit a few of her paintings or drawings. In 1847 Mr. Howard was elected Vice-President and Treasurer of the newly formed Toronto Society—the successor of the Society of Artists and Amateurs—at whose first exhibition, in that year, he made over a score of exhibits. During 1848 and the two following years Mr. Howard designed a temporary Lunatic Asylum for use pending the completion of the structure which exists at the present day, and the corner-stone of which had been laid by Chief Justice Robinson on the 22nd of August, 1846. He also designed St. George’s Church, John Street, and constructed the spire of the old St. Andrew’s Church, on the corner of Church and Adelaide Streets. He received the contract for measuring the locks of the Welland Canal and estimating the extra cost, above contract price, of the stone work in the new locks. He surveyed and laid down an extra line of pipes for the waterworks, extending from the engine-house up Peter Street to the Reservoir, and surveyed and drew a plan of part of the city, showing the position of the mains, hydrants and service pipes, for A. Furnes—all this, as before, in addition to work for private parties and to his duties as City Engineer. In 1851 and 1852 our indefatigable architect and surveyor was, among his other multifarious duties, engaged in surveying the Garrison Common for the Ordnance Department, the latter having agreed to grant the city two hundred and seventy-eight acres to be converted into a park, provided the City Corporation would agree to clear and fence it. As City Engineer Mr. Howard made a plan of the proposed park and drew up the estimate of cost, £450; but owing to the unwillingness of the eastern members of the Council to agree to this outlay, the scheme fell through. With the exception of the survey of the Government Creek, this was the last public work Mr. Howard was destined to undertake for some time. For twenty years he had laboured incessantly with a success such as it has been given to few men to achieve. But now the wearied brain cried out for rest, and Mr. Howard’s medical adviser ordered him off to Europe. On the first of May, 1853, Mr. Howard, accompanied by his wife and a son of Mr. Rowsell, the printer, sailed from New York on the Cunard steamship Arabia for Liverpool. No sooner had the steamer got to sea than he was attacked by his old enemy, sea-sickness. There was a touch of humour in the sufferer’s description of the manner in which he struggled with his foe. He says: “Dr. Widmer had advised me to take gruel in case of sea-sickness; but a gentleman on board recommended champagne. The wine was the easiest to get on board, and we all took it. It turned like pyroligneous acid on my stomach and made me much worse. A Scotch gentleman—Mr. Mackenzie—a passenger, recommended a glass of water with a teaspoonful of raw oat-meal in it three times a-day. This I took for eight days until we arrived at Liverpool.” The party arrived in London just seventeen days after leaving Toronto; rather a contrast to the eleven weeks and three days from London to Little York twenty-one years before. While in the English metropolis Mr. Howard was generally fêted by the profession, dining with Sir Charles Barry, the architect of the Parliament Houses at Westminster, and with the Skinners’ Company. However, his physician soon ordered him away from the gaieties of London, and after a brief stay in the Isle of Wight, he visited Paris, and subsequently made a tour of some of the English counties. On the 7th September he sailed for New York, and reached Toronto on the 26th of the same month, his health having been greatly improved by his holiday. Soon after his return, in October, Mr. Howard received instructions from the City Council to survey and locate, in conjunction with the Honourable Mr. Seymour, Engineer for the Northern Railway, the line of that road along the Esplanade, and to take it up the Government Creek, following the curves of the creek until the summit level should be gained. It will be remembered that the manner in which this Esplanade contract was subsequently let caused a great deal of dissatisfaction among the citizens. In January, 1853, Mr. Howard was appointed Associate Judge, as will be seen by the following letter:—

Sheriff’s Office:

United Counties York, Ontario and Peel,

27th December, 1852.

Sir,—I have the honour to inform you that your name is included in the Commission of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery to be holden at Toronto in and for the said United Counties, on Thursday, the 6th day of January, 1853, on which day said Commission will, be openly read.

I have the honour to be, sir,

Your obedient servant,

W. B. Jarvis,

Sheriff.

John G. Howard, Esq.

Mr. Howard attended the Sessions for four years, and sat on the Bench with Chief Justice Robinson, and Judges McLean and Richards. On the 30th of May, 1855, the Hon. Geo. W. Allan, Mayor, and the members of the Board of Works appointed a Mr. Kingsford, of Quebec, a great politician, as City Surveyor in Mr. Howard’s place, after the latter had served the city faithfully for eighteen years. However Mr. Kingsford was dismissed at the end of the year. A majority of the aldermen and councilmen promised to reinstate Mr. Howard as City Engineer in 1856, but he declined on account of his health. On the 22nd of September, 1855, Mr. Howard made arrangements with Marquis Rossin to act as consulting architect and engineer, and to thoroughly inspect the whole of the works as they progressed in the erection of the Rossin House, and to certify all accounts as the works progressed. In March, 1856, he resigned his situation as drawing-master at Upper Canada College, after twenty-three years’ service. Since Mr. Howard’s retirement from city business, in 1857, he has amused himself by collecting works of art, which he has since donated to the city of Toronto, and has erected a gallery for their reception. There are one hundred and twenty-seven pictures, all handsomely framed and glazed. He has also given to the Public Library a very handsome donation in the shape of some hundreds of volumes, among which are the following:—

61	Volumes	Illustrated London News.
34	”	The Builder.
18	”	Canadian Illustrated News.
6	”	Ballou’s Pictorial.
2	”	Picturesque America.
4	”	Art Journal.
2	”	Illustrations of Piedmont and Italy.
2	”	Illustrations of Canadian Scenery.
2	”	Illustrations of American Scenery.
2	”	Illustrations of Switzerland.
2	”	Illustrations of Scotland.
2	”	Finderis’ Ports and Harbours of Great Britain.
2	”	Antiquities of Ireland.
2	”	History of Wales.
3	”	Claude’s Liber Veritatis, folio, (a copy valued in London at £50).
3	”	Turner Gallery, folio.
3	”	Allibone’s Dictionary of Authors.
18	”	Graphic.
16	”	Illustrated Times.
34	”	Scientific American.
4	”	Weekly Globe.
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As Forest Ranger for High Park for the last ten years, Mr. Howard has been kept busy in laying out roads, underbushing the land, drawing plans and specifications, and superintending the erection of pavilions and other necessary buildings, for which services he receives one dollar per annum. These buildings were necessary for the convenience of pic-nic parties visiting High Park. He has also made plans and specifications for a platform and shelter for passengers visiting High Park by rail at the eastern entrance of the park, and has paid one hundred dollars out of his own pocket towards its erection in order to induce the Corporation to maintain it. He also has plans and specifications prepared for a canal and wharf or pier, six hundred feet long, into ten feet water, in front of the said eastern entrance. Mr. Howard’s tomb, of which we give a view, was erected in 1874 and in 1875, in memory of his wife and in readiness for himself. The cairn is constructed with granite boulders. Mrs. Howard was a Scotch lady, which accounts for the cairn. Mr. Howard was a Masonic Knight Templar, therefore the double pedestal terminating with the Maltese cross. The consecrated ground on which it stands is enclosed with some of the old iron railing which surrounded St. Paul’s Cathedral, London, England, for one hundred and sixty years. The vicissitudes of the railing were curious. After its removal from St. Paul’s it was purchased by Mr. Robert Mountcastle, of St. John’s Wood, London, of Mr. J. B. Hogarth, iron merchant, London, and shipped by him in good condition, on board the steamship Delta, for Toronto, 14th October, 1874. The Delta went ashore five miles below Cape Chat light, on 8th November. A portion of the railing was recovered from the wreck, and sent to Montreal in a mutilated state by the salvage men. Mr. Howard bought it and shipped it to Toronto, where it arrived 21st August, 1875. After having been repaired by Messrs. W. Hamilton & Son, of the St. Lawrence Foundry, it was finally fixed on the stone curb where it now stands, on 18th November, 1875. The cost of erecting the tomb, including vault and iron railing, amounted to $3,120. The marble pedestal came from the Rutland quarries, Vermont, U. S., and weighs over ten tons. Engraved on a brass plate—which is fixed round one of the gate-posts of the old iron railing—is the following inscription: “Sacred to the memory of John George Howard and Jemima Frances, his wife. John George, born 27th July, 1803. Jemima Frances, born 18th August, 1802; died 1st September, 1877, aged seventy-five years.” On the other gate-post is a brass plate, bearing a characteristic inscription having reference to the removal of the old iron railing from St. Paul’s Cathedral.

Elijah Hull was born in Somersetshire, England, and came to Canada in 1855. He followed the vocation of a gardener, and has been seven years engaged at the Horticultural Gardens. He is also sexton of St. Peter’s Church, and resides at the corner of Parliament and Amelia Streets.

Simon Humphrey, builder, is the youngest son of Smith and Sarah (Greenwood) Humphrey, and was born in the Township of York, in 1821. His parents came from Providence, Rhode Island, at the conclusion of the War of 1812, and settled in Canada, locating on a farm of four hundred acres in the 3rd concession of York Township. The family consisted at that time of six sons and one daughter, all of whom were born in Providence. Mr. Humphrey, sen’r, with the assistance of his sons, cleared the land, and in connection with his farming worked at his trade of carpenter, and in 1827 erected a saw mill on the River Don, which he operated until his death, in 1832. Previous to his demise he had removed to Toronto, and, renting a house on the corner of Wellington and Bay Streets, worked at his trade, two of his sons occupying the farm. Simon, the subject of this notice, when eight years of age commenced to attend a school at Toronto, kept by Mr. S. E. Taylor, and afterwards learned the trade of builder with his brother-in-law, Robert James; and on completing his term of apprenticeship started business for himself, which he has ever since continued.

Isaac Hutchinson was born in York, February, 1824, being the son of Isaac Hutchinson; his mother was a daughter of John Charlton, of Cumberland, England. Mr. Hutchinson’s parents came to York in 1818, his father opening a blacksmith’s shop on the corner of Duke and Ontario Streets, and also purchased a fifth of an acre of land of what is now 120 Duke Street, which became the family residence, where our subject was born, in 1824. The old stone building, erected in 1819, is still standing, the walls of which are two feet thick, the stone being brought from the lake shore, and is mentioned in Dr. Scadding’s “Toronto of Old.” Mr. Hutchinson’s father carried on blacksmithing until 1832, when he died, leaving three sons and three daughters. Our subject was the youngest son, and the only one now living of the family. He began his apprenticeship at the age of sixteen as a blacksmith, served three years, and then five years as journeyman, after which he kept a grocery store for five years on Yonge Street, near Adelaide. He then moved out of Toronto for nine years, and on his return engaged in the coal and wood business until 1880. He belongs to the Methodist Church. In politics he is a Reformer. His wife was a daughter of John Barron, from Cumberland, England, by whom he had seven sons and four daughters. In 1835 Mr. Hutchinson and his brother were engaged in burning charcoal for blacksmithing, on the present site of Carleton Street.

Peter Hutty, deceased, was born at Cottingham, near Hull, Yorkshire, England, in 1819, being the only son of a family of four children, born to Joseph and Mary (Smith) Hutty. His father died in Montreal soon after they arrived, and his mother then came to York. He went on the farm of his maternal grandfather, Wm. Smith, who had emigrated from Yorkshire, England, and settled near Brampton. I. A. Smith was a son of his, who kept the Yorkshire House here for many years. He remained with his grandfather until he was seventeen years of age. In 1836 he came to Toronto, and engaged in a business in St. Lawrence Market, where he remained many years, carrying on a large business, and engaging in Government contracts. In 1839 he married Margaret, second daughter of John Gray, who was born in York in 1796. By his marriage he had a large family of sons and daughters, most of them living at his death in 1882; they were educated and brought up at the family residence, corner Yonge and Cottingham Streets, which street he named after his native place. For fourteen years Mr. Hutty held a seat in the Yorkville Council, two or three of which he was reeve, during which he introduced, and carried against much opposition, the erection of the Town Hall, the Public School, and allowing the street railroad to cross Bloor Street, all of which proved of great advantage to the people of Yorkville. He was a Justice of the Peace for several years. In politics he was a Conservative. Of a noble, generous disposition, he was respected by all who knew him.

Patrick Hynes is the youngest son of Patrick Hynes and Frances (Bergin) Hynes, who settled with his family in York (now Toronto) in 1831, and was born in the County Tipperary, Ireland, May 1st, 1830. His father was a contractor and builder and carried on that business in Toronto until his death in 1857. The subject of this sketch was educated at St. Michael’s College, Clover Hill, Toronto, and in early life followed the business of his father. The elaborate plaster work in Osgoode Hall is a tribute to his skill and workmanship. In 1863 he was elected Alderman for St. David’s Ward, which then comprised St. David’s and St. Thomas’ Wards of the present day. He represented that ward for ten consecutive years, when he resigned to accept the position of one of a special commission to value the city. In 1864 he was appointed an officer in the Post-office Department of the Civil Service, which position he has since held. He is the Captain of No. 6 Company of the reserved Militia (east Toronto). Mr. Hynes has been twice married; in 1861 to Ellen Augusta, daughter of Cornelius Spilling and Annie Skelly; and in 1870 to Kate Jane, youngest daughter of William Kingsley and Ellen Minelian. By the former wife he has had three, and by the latter six, children, viz.: by the first, Michael Edward; Ellen Augusta; William Gilbert; by the second, Katie Frances; Charles Patrick; Frank Kingsley; Florence; Aileen and Mary Nora; all of whom still survive, except Ellen Augusta, who died in her first year. In politics Mr. Hynes is a Conservative, and in religion a Roman Catholic. He is a York Pioneer.

William Hynes was born in Queen’s County, Ireland, in 1827. In 1831 he came to Canada with his parents and family who settled in Toronto (then Little York). William commenced to work at the age of ten years, and in due time started business for himself as contractor, which he has since continued. He married May Spilling, daughter of Cornelius Spilling, by whom he had the following children, four daughters and three sons: May Frances; Annie; Nellie and Lillie; P. William; John Francis and Alfred William Bergin. Mr. Hynes resides at 157 Wilton Avenue.

Jeremiah Iredale was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1822. He came to Toronto in 1832, with his father, who established himself in business as a glazier and painter. After remaining with his father for some time he entered the service of Ross, McLeod & Co., dry-goods merchants; A. Lawrie & Co., and others. He afterwards worked for Hon. J. H. Dunn, Receiver-General, and for Shaw, Turnbull & Co., dry-goods merchants. For the past fifteen years he has been in the employ of J. Fleming, 356 Yonge Street, and is now engaged in the same place. Mr. Iredale was a member of the old fire company, of which his brother John was captain.

Samuel Iredale, retired, was born in Keswick, Cumberland, England, in 1807, his parents being James and Jane (Shaw) Iredale; his grandfather was Jeremiah Iredale, of Manningham, England. In 1819 his father came to Canada with his family and settled in Toronto, at the corner of Queen and Bay Streets, in a building which his son John had built on the lot, and which is still standing. By trade he was a plumber and glazier; after he came out here he worked at tinsmithing, which business he carried on until his death, December 18th, 1845. Ishmael Iredale came to Canada in 1825, and learned the tin trade with his brother; he then went to work for Hiram Piper, with whom he stayed for twenty-three years. He then began tin business for himself on Yonge Street, near Trinity Square, retiring about seven years ago. Mr. Iredale served in the fire brigade for thirty-eight years; he is a Reformer and a member of the Church of England. On July 9th he married Elizabeth Burns, fourth daughter of Thomas Burns, who had come from Yorkshire, England; by her he had four sons and five daughters; only two sons are now living, one of whom keeps a tin shop on the corner of Queen and Bay Streets. He has a sister living who is ninety-four years of age.

William Iredale, retired, was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1826, being the fourth son of William and Grace (Hollinrake) Iredale. In 1832 he came to Canada with his parents. His father, who had been a plumber and glazier in England, engaged in the tin business when he settled in Toronto, and continued in that line until his death in 1865. The subject of this sketch was engaged in the last manufacturing business, up to March, 1879, then having lost an arm by being caught with a belt and thrown round a shaft in his factory, on Sheppard Street, he retired; his son now attends to the business. In 1849 he married Rachael, daughter of William Daniel. Mr. Iredale was a member of the old fire brigade. In religion he is a Methodist, and in politics a Reformer.

Alderman John Irwin was born in Ireland, between Vetrinam and Leitrim, in 1824, and is the eldest son of William and Martha Irwin. In 1850 he sailed for New York, where he remained a short time, finally coming to Canada and locating in Toronto for a short period. After spending four years in Quebec he returned to Toronto, where he has since resided. For fifteen years he was proprietor of the General Wolfe Hotel, on the corner of Church and King Streets, and was also engaged in farming eight years, ten miles out of the city. He was the first man to hitch a horse to a steam fire engine, having had a contract to furnish the horses for the fire engines for eighteen years. Mr. Irwin has been in the City Council the last five years, and for the last eight years has been living retired. He is a large property owner. In 1856 Mr. Irwin was married to Jane Henry, daughter of John Henry, by whom he has had two children.