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Costs and trade-offs in senses

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Humans are all too keen to think that they ‘know’ the world, that the world is as they perceive it through their senses. However, even the above brief mention of infrasounds and ultrasounds, of infrared and ultraviolet light, tells us that the world contains far more information than we can directly receive. By definition these are sources of information about the world that we cannot directly access. These are sounds that we cannot hear, lights that we cannot see, but other species can. This means that it is arrogant to believe that humans should be the comparator of all things – but it is equally true that no organism can fulfil that role. Put simply, it is not possible for any one species to be able to detect everything that is going on in its environment. It is not possible for any one species to ‘know’ comprehensively how the world actually is.

Bird Senses

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