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PD is a significant index of concentration of population (number of persons) per square kilometer. From a human or economic perspective, the degree of calamity associated with a disaster will depend on the PD of the affected area. Disasters with similar severity will affect more people if they occur in a highly-populated area compared to a less populated area. Saunda, Patratu, Sirka, Giddi, Chaingara, and Lapanga are the highest PD (>1,046 persons/km²) villages in the study area (Figure 2.5a).

Figure 2.5 Village-level socio-economic indicators maps of (a) population density, (b) total workers, (c) children age group 0–6, (d) % literacy rate.