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The voltage stability assessment (VSA) application uses a current state estimator model of the real‐time system to determine additional load or transfer the system can sustain in a given direction before it encounters voltage instability [35–36]. VSA runs in near real time and aids in the determination of system operating limits based on a recent snapshot of the real‐time system. VSA may derive minimum voltages at key buses below which voltage collapse might occur if the system experiences additional stresses. It may also provide information on minimum dynamic reactive reserves required in local areas.

VSA is different from offline voltage stability analysis tools used by planners for medium‐term or long‐term studies. But if such tools are used for studying near real‐time snapshots to answer operator's voltage stability questions, they would be included in the VSA real‐time tool suite.