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Before a glass can be formed, it usually has to be melted out of the respective raw materials. The melting of container glass bears some peculiarities such as a high usage of foreign (external) recycled cullet or auxiliary devices such as batch and cullet preheaters. Because these features and the basics of the melting of container glass are described elsewhere in Chapter 1.3, we will focus solely on forming.

Glass containers for mass‐market are formed with the aid of molds in which the molten glass is blown or pressed. The forming process consists of two steps. First a “parison” is made in cast‐iron “blank‐molds.” Then, in the second step, this parison is formed into the final container in “blow‐molds” that are made of either cast iron or aluminum bronze.