Читать книгу Plastics Process Analysis, Instrumentation, and Control - Группа авторов - Страница 45

Microplastics are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that lead to inevitable human exposure (69). The evidence for potential negative effects of microplastics in the human body has been reviewed. The study focuses on the pathways of exposure and toxicity.

Exposure may occur by ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact due to the presence of microplastics in products, foodstuff and air. In all biological systems, microplastic exposure may cause particle toxicity, with oxidative stress, inflammatory lesions and increased uptake or translocation. The inability of the immune system to remove synthetic particles may lead to chronic inflammation and increase risk of neoplasia. Furthermore, microplastics may release their constituents, adsorbed contaminants and pathogenic organisms. Nonetheless, knowledge of microplastic toxicity is still limited and largely influenced by exposure concentration, particle properties, adsorbed contaminants, tissues involved and individual susceptibility (69).