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Severe AP predisposes to upper gastrointestinal bleeding, as seen in other critical illnesses. According to a retrospective study, severe AP is associated with an 18% incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, mostly due to acute gastric mucosal lesions and peptic ulcers [50]. Mortality was higher when this complication was present (44 vs. 11%). A population‐based study concluded that, in the presence of organ failure, gastrointestinal bleeding increases the risk of death only slightly [51]. Proton pump inhibitors or histamine H₂ receptor antagonists have been recommended in guidelines that address other acute critical illnesses like sepsis, to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding [52].