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Gastric Decompression Devices

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Similar to the temporary feeding devices, there are NG and OG tubes used for decompression and lavage. These devices are larger than feeding tubes: 8–10 Fr for children and 12–14 Fr for adults. Decompression devices are divided into single and double lumen tubes. Single lumen tubes, such as the Levin tube, are used more frequently in the emergency department or intensive care unit for intermittent decompression. Single lumen tubes should not be placed on continuous suction because they can adhere to the stomach wall and cause tissue damage. A double lumen tube is the preferred decompression device because it has both a large lumen for suction or irrigation and a small lumen (typically blue in color) that vents the large lumen. This small lumen serves as a pop‐off valve for the device to prevent excessive suctioning. There are two common types of double lumen tubes: Salem sumps and Replogle tubes. Salem sumps are preferred in an emergency setting because they have several suction holes along the side of the tubing for rapid efficient suctioning, whereas Replogle tubes have suction holes only at the most distal end of the tube.

When using a double lumen tube, it is critical that the small lumen be kept to room air to adequately vent the large lumen. It should not be clamped, used for suction, or used for irrigation. Finally, the proximal end of a double lumen decompression device must be kept above waist‐height, otherwise the gastric contents may reflux into the small lumen.

Emergency Management of the Hi-Tech Patient in Acute and Critical Care

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