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Exposure of space systems to solar energetic particles, galactic cosmic rays, and radiation belt fluxes can cause temporary operational anomalies, damage critical electronics, degrade solar arrays, and blind optical systems such as imagers and star trackers. Moreover, intense solar particle events present a significant radiation hazard for astronauts during the high‐latitude segment of the International Space Station orbit as well as for future human exploration of the Moon and Mars. In addition to such direct effects as spacecraft anomalies, a thorough assessment of the impact of space radiation on present‐day space operations must include the collateral effects of space‐weather‐driven technology failures. For example, space radiation can degrade and, during severe events, completely incapacitate various communication and reconnaissance platforms. A complete picture of the impact of space radiation must include both direct as well as collateral effects of incapacitation on susceptible space structures and systems. It is also imperative that we as a technological society develop a truly operational understanding of space radiation in which the benefits of accurate forecasts are clearly established.