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ICGA is also indicated in the examination of choroidal tumors (Fig. 30). In melanomas, there may be corkscrew vessels seen within the lesion on ICGA. In choroidal hemangioma, there is marked early hyperfluorescence with leakage and late staining on ICGA. Some lesions will have a speckled pattern within the lesion. In choroidal osteoma, small vessels are seen in the early phases of ICGA, but in the later phases there is diffuse hyperfluorescence, as well as some blocked fluorescence in the bony areas of the osteoma.

Fig. 30. Choroidal melanoma. A large elevated pigmented lesion can be seen in the superior retina extending to the fovea (a). Blocked fluorescence was seen within the lesion on the fluorescein angiogram (b, c) and indocyanine green angiogram (d).

Fig. 31. Pathologic myopia with choroidal neovascularization. Features suggestive of pathologic myopia include tessellated fundus, yellowish appearance of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy in the posterior pole, as well as large peripapillary atrophy (a). On the fluorescein angiogram, an active juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularization with classic pattern can be seen (b, c).