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Title Page

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1 Introduction: A Delicate Collection of Advances in Solar‐to‐Chemical Conversions Hongqi Sun

2 Artificial Photosynthesis and Solar Fuels Jun Ke 2.1 Introduction of Solar Fuels 2.2 Photosynthesis 2.3 Principles of Photocatalysis 2.4 Products of Artificial Photosynthesis 2.5 Perspective Acknowledgments References

3 Natural and Artificial Photosynthesis Dimitrios A. Pantazis 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Overview of Natural Photosynthesis 3.3 Light Harvesting and Excitation Energy Transfer 3.4 Charge Separation and Electron Transfer 3.5 Water Oxidation 3.6 Carbon Fixation 3.7 Conclusions References

4 Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Amanj Kheradmand, Yuxiang Zhu, Shengshen Gu and Yijiao Jiang 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Fundamentals of Photocatalytic H2 Evolution 4.3 Photocatalytic H2 Evolution Under UV Light 4.4 Photocatalytic H2 Evolution Under Visible Light 4.5 Photocatalytic H2 Evolution Under Near‐Infrared Light 4.6 Roles of Sacrificial Reagents and Reaction Pathways 4.7 Summary and Outlook References

5 Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Zhiliang Wang and Lianzhou Wang 5.1 Background of Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting 5.2 Mechanism of Charge Separation and Transfer 5.3 Strategy for Improving Charge Transfer 5.4 Strategy for Improving Electron–Hole Separation 5.5 Surface Cocatalyst Design 5.6 Unbiased PEC Water Splitting 5.7 Conclusion and Perspective References

6 Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Huayang Zhang, Wenjie Tian and Shaobin Wang 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Homogeneous Photocatalytic Water Oxidation 6.3 Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Water Oxidation 6.4 Catalytic Active Site–Catalysis Correlation in LD Semiconductors 6.5 Conclusions and Perspectives References

10  7 Photoelectrochemical Oxygen Evolution Fumiaki Amano 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Honda–Fujishima Effect 7.3 Factors Affecting the Photoanodic Current 7.4 Electrode Potentials at Different pH 7.5 Evaluation of PEC Performance 7.6 Flat Band Potential and Photocurrent Onset Potential 7.7 Selection of Materials 7.8 Enhancement of PEC Properties 7.9 PEC Device for Water Splitting 7.10 Conclusions and Outlook References

11  8 Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Overall Water Splitting Nur Aqlili Riana Che Mohamad, Filipe Marques Mota and Dong Ha Kim 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting 8.3 Photoelectrochemical Overall Water Splitting 8.4 Concluding Remarks and Outlook Acknowledgments References

12  9 Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Maochang Liu, Guijun Chen, Boya Min, Jinwen Shi, Yubin Chen and Qibin Liu 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Principle of Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 9.3 Energy and Mass Transfers in Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 9.4 Conclusions Acknowledgments References

13  10 Photoelectrochemical CO2 Reduction Zhongxue Yang, Hui Ning, Qingshan Zhao, Hongqi Sun and Mingbo Wu 10.1 Introduction 10.2 PEC CO2 Reduction Principles 10.3 Application of Solar‐to‐Chemical Energy Conversion in PEC CO2 Reduction 10.4 Other Configurations for PEC CO2 Reduction 10.5 Conclusion and Outlook Acknowledgments Conflict of Interest References

14  11 Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Nitrogen Fixation Lei Shi and Hongqi Sun 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Fundamental Principles and Present Challenges 11.3 Strategies for Catalyst Design and Fabrication 11.4 Conclusions and Outlook References

15  12 Photocatalytic Production of Hydrogen Peroxide Using MOF Materials Xiaolang Chen, Yasutaka Kuwahara, Kohsuke Mori and Hiromi Yamashita 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Photocatalytic H2O2 Production Through Selective Two‐Electron Reduction of O2 Utilizing NiO/MIL‐125‐NH2 12.3 Two‐Phase System Utilizing Linker‐Alkylated Hydrophobic MIL‐125‐NH2 for Photocatalytic H2O2 Production 12.4 Ti Cluster‐Alkylated Hydrophobic MIL‐125‐NH2 for Photocatalytic H2O2 Production in Two‐Phase System 12.5 Conclusion and Outlooks Reference

16  13 Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Reforming of Methane Jinqiang Zhang and Hongqi Sun 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Photo‐Mediated Processes 13.3 Differences Between Photo‐Assisted Catalysis and Thermocatalysis 13.4 Reactions of Methane Conversion via Photo‐Assisted Catalysis 13.5 Conclusions and Perspectives Acknowledgment References

17  14 Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Reforming of Biomass Xiaoqing Liu, Wei Wei and Bing-Jie Ni 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Fundamentals of Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Processes 14.3 Photocatalytic Reforming of Biomass 14.4 Photoelectrochemical Reforming of Biomass 14.5 Conclusion Remarks and Perspectives Acknowledgments References

18  15 Reactors, Fundamentals, and Engineering Aspects for Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Systems Boon-Junn Ng, Xin Ying Kong, Yi-Hao Chew, Yee Wen Teh and Siang-Piao Chai 15.1 Fundamental Mechanisms of Photocatalytic and PEC Processes 15.2 Reactor Design and Configuration 15.3 Engineering Aspects of Photocatalytic and PEC Processes 15.4 Conclusions and Outlook Acknowledgments List of Abbreviations References

19  16 Prospects of Solar Fuels Hongqi Sun Hongqi Sun

20  Index

21  End User License Agreement

Solar-to-Chemical Conversion

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