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Many predisposing factors have been mentioned that lead to laminitis and play a part in subsolar injuries. The metabolic effects of subclinical acidosis and laminitis can affect normal hoof growth and lead to white line separation, toe ulcers, heel erosion or ulceration, and sole ulceration. Puncture wounds and traumatic concussive injury are other contributing factors to subsolar abscess formation. Without proper treatment, these conditions may lead to damage of deeper structures including pedal osteitis, infection of the navicular bursa, sepsis of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, and septic tenosynovitis of the digital flexor tendon sheath.

Treatment of complicated subsolar abscesses and white line disease involves complete and total curettage of the overlying sole or hoof wall and removing all necrotic debris from the affected area. Exploration of all tracts is necessary to evaluate if deeper structures are involved. If sepsis of the pedal bone or coffin joint is suspected, radiographs should be performed at this time. Parenteral antibiotics and bandaging with astringent antiseptic compounds should be incorporated into a treatment plan when possible. While some practitioners elect to leave sole abscess lesions exposed, it is my opinion that these wounds heal better in beef cattle when protected. The application of a hoof block to the supporting claw prevents the affected claw from bearing weight and allows quicker healing due to the lack of contact with sole surface.