Читать книгу Assisted Reproduction Techniques - Группа авторов - Страница 202

1  Q1 What is a borderline ovarian tumor (BOT)? A1.A1. Borderline ovarian tumors result from the development of abnormal cells in the ovary. They are not cancerous, but are said to have low malignant potential, meaning they could possibility become cancerous in the long run. Approximately 10–20% of ovarian tumors are borderline, and they more commonly affect women of child‐bearing age.A small number of women who have been diagnosed with a BOT will be diagnosed at a more advanced stage where the disease has spread either to both ovaries or to the peritoneum (a layer of tissue covering the organs in the abdomen). These seedlings can be successfully removed surgically, but occasionally they may remain on this surface layer, for which you will be closely monitored by your consultant.

2  Q2 How are BOTs treated? A2.A2. As borderline ovarian tumors are slow growing, many of them are diagnosed at an early stage and can be cured by surgery. The best surgery for you will be agreed together with your oncologist and for a lot of women this will include important discussions about the fertility options.Most young women will have fertility sparing surgery, which will usually involve removal of one ovary or only the cyst. In about 1 in 20 women (5%), the tumor will come back (recurrence). Some women may be advised to have more definitive surgery following pregnancy based upon the type of disease and risk of recurrence. Most recurrent tumors can be easily cured by surgery with no impact on survival.For women who have completed their family or have more advanced disease, surgical removal of the womb, both tubes and ovaries may be advised. During surgery, the surgeon will closely look at the inside of the pelvis and abdomen and take small biopsies (small samples of tissue) from different areas.

3  Q3 Will I be able to get pregnant in future? A3.A4. Young women with early stage BOTs who have fertility sparing surgery have good chances of future natural pregnancy. Some women may require fertility treatment, such as IVF; the timing and safety of this will be planned together with the oncology doctor. Some women may benefit from fertility‐preservation, such as embryo freezing, which should be discussed when preparing for any surgery to treat BOTs.