Читать книгу Clinical Guide to Fish Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 27

The liver is a fairly large organ (single or bilobed) and predominantly on the left side of bony fish. It is typically orange to brown. If the liver is tan or yellow, it can indicate fatty infiltration, which may be a normal seasonal change or related to a high‐fat diet. The liver is separated from the pericardial cavity by a septum (Roberts and Ellis 2012). A gallbladder is present in most species, with some exceptions, e.g. burbot (Lota lota) (Dutta and Datta‐Mushi 1996). The gallbladder is located within or between the liver lobes in most fish, but lies in the caudal coelom in some, e.g. rockfish (Sebastes spp.). The gallbladder can become distended with anorexia (Stoskopf 1993). The bile duct enters at the stomach or small intestine. Most bile is made of bile salts and taurine conjugates of bile acids, except in carp where the principal bile salt is in the form of alcohol sulfates (Stoskopf 1993).

Figure A1.10 Angling of the esophagus seen at necropsy of a lookdown (Selene vomer), shown by the dashed red line.

Source: Image courtesy of Carlos Rodriguez, Disney’s Animals, Science and Environment.