Читать книгу Machine Learning Approaches for Convergence of IoT and Blockchain - Группа авторов - Страница 27

Ever since embodying technological advancements such as IoT and blockchain technology into the healthcare sector, we see scope to be able to reach unforeseen endeavors [13]. Application varies from medical record access to highly specialized patient’s health activity monitoring and performing surgeries. It is a fact that machines sometime engulf more precision that is not humanly possible. Let us consider that a patient has just been discharged from a hospital or has an underlying medical condition which requires continues monitoring over a span of time, in such cases, certain wearable sensors or any other convenient sensors may be attached to the person. This allows the person to perform his day-to-day actives keeping his health under observation continuously. These sensors then upload the data onto a cloud service. The doctor is also connected to the same cloud via his device and keeps himself updated about the condition of any patient. In case any abnormalities are observed, the doctor may call upon that particular person to perform proper examination. Storage of an individual’s health records onto a blockchain ensures the confidentiality and permanent storage of all details. Another hitch that is frequently observed in the hospitals is that of fraudulent claims and discrepancies in the billing system, the technologies can resolve this as there will be automated workflow and a single decentralized pathway for transaction and contact information hence bringing in transparency and reducing the probability of frauds or disagreement among parties. The hospitals are responsible for maintaining details of the people who have visited, the treatment administered along with the cost of the service. These need to be accurate and storing these onto a blockchain keeps it protected, this data and other medical records are extremely valuable for clinical research as they are first hand details and can help observe disease patterns or the most effective remedy for a particular disorder or to figure out the prominence of any syndrome among the target population. Another application under this sector is the drug supply chain management. Here, we use the technologies to keep track of drugs from their manufacture until they are given to patient. Its pros are that we can have accurate track of how, when, and where the medicine has been manufactured, its means of transportation, and it ensures that proper storage has been done in accordance with the nature of the drug. This also makes sure that no drug ends up being given to a person that any have any allergies or intolerance against the components of the medicine and that no medicine that has crossed its expiry date is used under any circumstances. We can also track the approximate quantity of a particular drug that is needed over a fixed time period and order them according so as to minimize wastage. Apart from the techniques that are currently being used, we are proposing a theoretical concept that has not yet being utilized, but holds future potential to provide better care to patients who are under critical conditions. Herein, we can link a ventilator and say a temperature measuring device to record the condition. We them connect the ventilator and all other related equipment through IoT, in case there happens to be an abnormality in the condition of the patient, the concerned medical staff will be notified immediately, and hence, care can be provided immediately. Hence, we see how these technological improvements have served for the betterment of this industry and have also assured better facilities to the people as seen in Figure 1.8.

As we can see in the above figure, we have created a hub or a network of all the necessary healthcare utility and connected then to each other to have a better and a more efficient monitoring system than the existing one. As we can see, we have a smart miner which is connected to carious other appliances such as a ventilator, an ambulance, and an oxygen meter to have an in depth knowledge of the patient.