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Due to the increase in awareness of a healthy life style, the number of people depending on smart devices for monitoring their health is increasing day by day. IoT devices have become very essential to be the part of daily life in this technological advanced world. Various advancements are happening in the healthcare sectors from the recent past. With the advancement in technology in the use of IoTs integrated with Artificial Intelligence, a major digital transformation is happening in the healthcare sector. Various research is going on in this area which will add new dimensions to the healthcare system.

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have also been used extensively in healthcare services due to the advancement in technology. A survey on healthcare application based on WBAN is discussed in [1]. The paper also analyses the privacy and security features that arises by the use of IoTs in healthcare systems.

Use of RFID has become very common owing to the extensive applications of IoTs. A survey on RFID applications for gathering information about the living environment and body centric systems is discussed in [2]. The challenges and open research opportunities are also discussed in the article.

Various research is ongoing on to find the methods to improve the monitoring and tracking of the patients in an efficient manner. In [3], a novel IoT-aware smart architecture is proposed to monitor and track the patients. A smart hospital system is proposed which can collect real-time data and environmental factors by making use of ultra-low power hybrid sensing network.

A secure IoT-based healthcare system which operates with body sensor network architecture is introduced in [4]. Two communication mechanisms for authenticity and secured communication is addressed. The proposed method was implemented and tested using a Raspberry Pi platform.

In [5], authors address a survey paper on the IoT research and the discusses about the challenges, strengths and suitability of IoT healthcare devices and mentions about the future research directions.

One of the challenges faced by the IoT systems is regarding the security and privacy of data. In [6], the authors proposed a hybrid model for securing the medical images data. This model aims to hide the confidential patient data from the image while transmitting it.

Wireless body networks are becoming popular with the increased use of IoT smart devices. In [7], a solar energy powered wearable sensor node is addressed. At various positions of the body multiple sensors are deployed and a web-based application is used for displaying sensor data. Experiment results achieved good results for autonomous operation for 24 hours.

Body sensor networks is the one of the significant technologies used to monitor the patients by means of tiny wireless sensor nodes in the body. Security of such IoT devices poses a major issue in privacy of the patients. A secure system for healthcare called BSN-care is addressed in [8].

Securing the privacy of patients is of utmost importance for IoT-based healthcare systems. Various research is going on this area. In [9], a big data storage system to secure the privacy of the patients is addressed. The medical data generated is encrypted before it is transferred to the data storage. This system is designed as a self-adaptive one where it can operate on emergency and normal conditions.

Various systems are developed to take care of the personal needs while traveling which can aid in travel and tourism. An intelligent travel recommender system called ProTrip is developed in [10]. This system helps travelers who are on strict diet and having long-term diseases in getting proper nutritional value foods according to the climatic conditions. This system supports the IoT healthcare system for food recommendation.

The issues in the security and privacy of IoT-based healthcare system are a major concern. Most of the system is based on cloud computing for IoT solutions which has certain limitations based on economic aspects, storage of data, geographical architecture, etc. To overcome this limitation, a Fog computing approach is addressed in [11] and authors explores the integration of traditional cloud-based structure and Cloud Fog services in interoperable healthcare solutions.

For IoT-based healthcare system efficient authorization and authentication is required for securing the data. Such a system is addressed in [12]. It was found that the proposed model is more secure than the centralized delegation-based architecture as it uses a secure key management between the smart gateway and sensor nodes.

Recent security attacks for the private data and integrity of data is a matter of concern for the IoT healthcare systems. Conventional methods of security solutions are for the protection of data during patient communication but it does not offer the security protection during the data conversion into the cipher. A secure data collection scheme for IoT healthcare system called SecureData scheme is proposed in [13], and the experimental results showed that this scheme is efficient in protecting security risks.

Life style diseases like diabetes are common nowadays. It is very important for such patients to follow a strict diet and most of the time it is difficult for the healthcare professionals to get the precise physiological parameter of the patients. Without the knowledge of the current condition of the patients, it is difficult for the ontologies to recommend a proper diet for such patients. A fuzzy-based ontology recommendation system is proposed in [14] which can determine patient’s conditions and risk factors by means of wearable sensors and accordingly can suggest the diet. The experimental results proved that the system is efficient for diabetes patients.

The data generated through IoT devices are prone to security threats. Maintaining the privacy of the patient data is of utmost importance. Traditional encryption schemes cannot be applied on healthcare data due to the limitations in the properties of digital data. A chaos-based encryption cryptosystem to preserve the privacy of patients is proposed in [15]. Random images are generated by the cryptosystem which ensures highest security level for the patient data. The performance of this model was found to be better than other encryption schemes.

The trends of IoT in healthcare sectors and the future scope for research is discussed in [16]. A sensor-based communication architecture and authentication scheme for IoT-based healthcare systems is addressed in [17]. Various research articles on big data analytics, and IoT in healthcare is addressed in [18].

With the enormous research happening in the field of IoT applications in healthcare sectors, new dimensions to the healthcare treatments and hospital services can be expected in the coming years.