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19 19 Gazin N, Auger H, Jabre P, et al. Efficacy and safety of the EZ‐IO™ intraosseous device: out‐of‐hospital implementation of a management algorithm for difficult vascular access. Resuscitation. 2011; 82:126–9.

20 20 Reades R, Studnek JR, Garrett JS, Vandeventer S, Blackwell T. Comparison of first‐attempt success between tibial and humeral intraosseous insertions during out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2011; 15:278–81.

21 21 Leidel BA, Kirchhoff C, Bogner V, Braunstein V, Biberthaler P, Kanz K. Comparison of intraosseous versus central venous vascular access in adults under resuscitation in the emergency department with inaccessible peripheral veins. Resuscitation. 2012; 83:40–5.

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29 29 Myers LA, Arteaga GM, Kolb LJ, Lohse CM, Russi CS. Prehospital peripheral intravenous vascular access success rates in children. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2013; 17:425–8.

30 30 Heinrichs J, Fritze Z, Vandermeer B, Klassen T, Curtis S. Ultrasonographically guided peripheral intravenous cannulation of children and adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2013; 61:444–454. e1.

31 31 Shokoohi H, Boniface K, McCarthy M, et al. Ultrasound‐guided peripheral intravenous access program is associated with a marked reduction in central venous catheter use in non‐critically ill emergency department patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2013; 61:198–203.

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