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1.3 Value-Added Products from Electro-Fermentation

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To date, electro-fermentation has been investigated for a wide variety of value-added products, including carboxylates, alcohols, biopolymers, and other platform chemicals (see Table 1.1). This section reviews the studies related to EF for producing different value-added products.

Table 1.1 Summary of electro-fermentation and electro-selective fermentation for value-added bioproducts.

Product Feedstock Inoculum System configuration Total working volume (L) Temperature (°C)/initial pH Applied voltage/potential Working electrode Reference
Butanol Glucose C. pasteurianum Dual chamber 900 37/6.7 0-2.6 V Cathode (Mostafazadeh et al., 2016)
Butanol Glucose Clostridium pasteurianum DSM 525 Dual chamber 900 37/6.5 +0.045 V vs. SHE Cathode (Choi et al., 2014)
Ethanol Glycerol Clostridium cellobioparum, + G. sulfurreducens Dual chamber 190 30/6 0.24 V vs. Ag/AgCl Anode (Speers et al., 2014)
Ethanol Glycerol Escherichia coli Dual chamber 50 37/7.4 −44 mV vs. SCE Anode (Sturm-Richter et al., 2015)
Ethanol Cellobiose G. sulfurreducens+ Cellulomonas uda Single chamber 1000 30/6.97 0.24 V vs. Ag/AgCl Anode (Awate et al., 2017)
Ethanol Food waste Mixed culture Single chamber 400 30/6.8 - - (Chandrasekhar et al., 2015) Acetone-Butanol-
Ethanol (ABE) Glucose C. acetobutylicum Dual chamber 240 37/6.8 -600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl Anode (Engel et al., 2019)
1,3-propanediol Glycerol Mixed-culture + G. sulfurreducens pre-colonized cathode. Dual chamber 900 37/7 -900 mV vs. SCE Cathode (Moscoviz et al., 2018)
1,3-propanediol Glycerol Mixed culture Dual chamber 520 21/6.9 −0.80 V to −1.10 V vs. SHE Cathode (Xafenias et al., 2015)
1,3-propanediol Glycerol Clostridium pasteurianum DSM 525 Dual chamber 900 37/6.5 +0.045 V vs. SHE Cathode (Choi et al., 2014)
Butyric acid Glucose Mixed culture Dual chamber 540 25/5.5 -700 mV vs. SHE Cathode (Paiano et al., 2019)
3-hydroxypropionic acid Glycerol Recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae L17 Dual chamber 620 37/6 +0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl Anode (Kim et al., 2017)
Mixed VFAs Off gases from fermentation (CO2+H2) Mixed culture acclimatized homoacetogens Dual chamber 400 37/6.5 -1.0 V vs. SHE Cathode (Zhou et al., 2019)
Caproate Ethanol, acetate Mixed culture Dual chamber 240 37/7.2 −0.8 V and −1.1 V vs. Ag/ AgCl Cathode (Jiang et al., 2020)
Iso-butyrate Glucose, ethanol, and acetate Mixed culture Dual chamber 540 -/5.6 -700 mV vs.SHE Cathode (Villano et al.,2017)
Lipid Microalgae biomass Scenedesmus acutus Dual chamber 340 30/7.5 -0.3 V vs.Ag/AgCl Anode (Liu et al., 2019)
Lipid Microalgae biomass Scenedesmus acutus Dual chamber 200 25/7.0 -0.3 V vs.Ag/AgCl Anode (Liu et al., 2020c)
Lipid Microalgae biomass Scenedesmus acutus Dual chamber 200 -/- - Anode (Liu et al., 2020b)
Acetoin Lactate Shewanella oneidensis - 270 -/- 0 mV vs. NHE Anode (Bursac et al., 2017)
Acetoin Glucose Escherichia coli Dual chamber 23 /-/ 0.2 mV vs. NHE - (Förster et al., 2017)
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Glycerol Ralstonia eutropha H16 Single chamber 500 -/- 10 mA Anode (Lai & Lan, 2020)
L-lysine Glucose Corynebacterium glutamicum Dual chamber 360 20/7.0 -1.25 V Cathode (Xafenias et al., 2017)
L-lysine Glucose Corynebacterium glutamicum Dual chamber 350 30/7.2 0.697 V vs. SHE Anode (Vassilev et al., 2018)
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