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An algorithm is a finite series of definite procedure for finding significance of the pattern. They are utilized to explain a course of difficulties and then implement calculation. Algorithm are said to unambiguous and utilized for performing computation and dealing with other task.

Algorithm has different characteristics; they are unambiguous, well-defined input and output, determinate, realistic, and independent of language. Unambiguous refers to having only one interpretation which leads to only one conclusion. Well-defined input and output refers to defining the input and output clearly. Determinate refers to algorithm that must be finite as the algorithm should not conclude with infinite loop. Realistic refers to the algorithm that is general, simple, and practical which may be implemented with an accessible source. Independent of language refers to the algorithm that must be designed with independent of language that it can be implemented in any language.

The technique of optimization comprises nonlinear problem with huge variables containing design and more composite constraints in the application of real world. The problem of optimization is linked with decrease of cost, waste, and time or increase in performance, benefits, and profits. Optimization can be described as an attempt of generating solutions to a problem beneath bounded circumstances. Optimization techniques have arisen from a desire to utilize current resources inside the excellent possible way.