Antiracist Counseling in Schools and Communities
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Группа авторов. Antiracist Counseling in Schools and Communities
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
ANTIRACIST COUNSELING in Schools and Communities
Dedication
Preface
The Inspiration
Reading the Book
Beware of Criticism
The Use of Racial Labels
Breathe
References
Acknowledgments
ABOUT THE EDITOR
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS
CHAPTER 1. The Pathway to Antiracism: Defining Moments in Counseling History
A History of Racism in Counseling
Black/African-Centered Psychology
Box 1 Scholars: Black/African-Centered Psychology
Cross-Cultural and Multicultural Counseling and Psychology
Box 2 Scholars: Cross-Cultural/Multicultural Counseling
Box 3 Scholars: Social Justice Counseling and Advocacy
Social Justice Counseling and Advocacy
Defining Antiracism
Other Forms of Racism
Antiracism Is Not Critical Race Theory
Antiracism and School/Community Counseling
An Antiracist Framework of School Counseling
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 2. Decolonizing the Counseling Canon
Whiteness in the Counseling Profession
Articulating Departures From the Colonial Counseling Canon
A Political Critical Standpoint
A Political Critical Standpoint Lens to the Counseling Canon: In Practice and Research
Case Study
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 3. Addressing Anti-Black Racism in a School Counseling Context
Organizational Responses to George Floyd’s Murder
ASCA’s Performative Response to George Floyd’s Murder
Statements From Other Professional Associations
Racism Versus Anti-Black Racism
Institutionalized Anti-Black Racism
Personally Mediated Anti-Black Racism
Internalized Anti-Black Racism
The Continuum of Broaching Behavior
An Organizational Continuum of Broaching Behavior
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 4. Proactively Addressing Racial Incidents in Schools: Two Perspectives
Our Positionality
Derek’s Message
Erin’s Perspective
Rethinking the School Counselor’s Role
Derek’s Perspective
The Nature of Racial Incidents in Schools
Derek’s Perspective
The Emotional Impact of Racial Incidents in Schools
Derek’s Perspective
Strategies for Students and Schools: Tiered Options and More
Responding at the Point of Incident
Advocating for Policy Change
Recommendations
School-Wide and Classroom Strategies
Erin’s Perspective
Using Classroom Lessons to Explore Racial Identity
Prepping Students for Responses to Racial Incidents
Recommendations
Small-Group Strategies. Derek’s Perspective
Recommendations
Individual Counseling Strategies. Derek’s Perspective
Broaching Race With Students: Derek’s Perspective
Recommendations
Strategies for Staff: Calling Out, Calling In, and More
Calling Out and Calling In: Erin’s Perspective
Providing Training and Development
Recommendations
Strategies for Self: Cultural Humility
Ongoing Self-Reflection: Derek’s Perspective
“Having Lunch With My Bias”: Erin’s Perspective
Recommendations
Conclusion: A Vaccine for Racism
References
Additional Resources
CHAPTER 5. College and Career Readiness for Students of Color: Using an Antiracist Ecological Framework
Literature Review. Indicators of CCR and Enrollment Patterns
Historical Context
The Role of the School Counselor
School Settings
State and National Impact on Community Settings. State Policies and Influences
National Policies and Influences
An Ecological Framework for Integrating and Dismantling Systems
Recommendations. Policy
Practice
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 6. An Antiracist Professional Development Curriculum for School Counselors
Background on the PD of Educators
A Description of the APD Curriculum and Its Modules
Session 1: Building an Antiracist Praxis
Session 2: Interrogating Experiences With Racism, Whiteness, and Anti-Blackness
Session 3: Understanding Stereotypes and Stereotype Threat
Session 4: Understanding the History of Systemic Racism in Education and Counseling
Session 5: Developing Antiracist Counseling Skills
Session 6: Developing an Antiracist Analysis of Counseling Theories and Policies
Session 7: Understanding Community-Based Praxis
Session 8: Sustaining Antiracist Practices Over Time and Across Contexts
Session 9: Leading With an Antiracist Vision
APD Pitfalls and Possibilities
Pitfall 1: Failing to Promote Critical Reflections on School Counselor Trainees’ Experiences With Racism, White Supremacy, and Anti-Blackness
Pitfall 2: Failing to Include Structural and Intersectional Analyses of Racism and Oppression Within the U.S. Educational System
Pitfall 3: Positioning Counselor Trainees of Color as Cultural Experts, Aides, and Witnesses During Antiracist Training
Implications for Research
Conclusion
References
Notes
CHAPTER 7. Infusing an Antiracist Framework Into School-Family-Community Partnerships
An Antiracist School-Family-Community Partnership Process Approach
Four Foci for Infusing Antiracism Into the School-Family-Community Partnership Process
Beliefs and Narratives
Relationships and Interactions
Goals and Outcomes
Policies and Practices
Key Principles for Building School-Family-Community Partnerships
Democratic Collaboration
Empowerment
Social Justice
A Strengths Focus
The Seven-Step Partnership Process Model: A Counselor’s Story of Building Antiracist and Equity-Focused Partnerships
Case Study: A School Counselor’s Story of Implementing the Antiracist Seven-Step Partnership Process Model
Implications
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 8. Dismantling White Supremacy in School Counselor Training Programs: Preparing Counselors to Enact Antiracist Practices
Our Positionality
Interrogating Whiteness in Counselor Education
Multicultural, Social Justice, and Antiracist Movements in Counselor Education
WSC
WSC in School Counselor Education
Power
Rightness
Progress
Civility
What Would It Look Like to Operate a Program That Does Not Embody WSC?
Conclusion
References
Notes
CHAPTER 9. The Antiracist Inclusive Model of Systems Supervision
School Counselor Practice
School Counseling Supervision and Consultation
A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Models and the AIMSS
Moving Forward Toward Antiracist School Counseling and Supervision. Antiracist School Counseling
The AIMSS
Goals
Delivery and Environment
Cosupervisory Relationship and Roles
Critical Consciousness
Interconnected Reflective Practice
Case Illustration Using the AIMSS. Setting
Case
Getting Started With the AIMSS
Session A
Session B
Session C
Session D
Session E
Session F
Session G
Reflective Questions
Implementing the AIMSS in Counselor Education
Counselor Educators
Preservice School Counselors
Practicing School Counselors
Future Practice Considerations
Future Research Considerations
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 10. A Personal Essay: The Costs of Being an Antiracist School Counselor
A Historical Look at Antiracism
The Need for Antiracist School Counseling
Personal and Professional Costs of Being Antiracist
Reflections From the Field (In Their Own Words) Elementary School Counselor, North Carolina, Second Year, Female
Middle School Counselor, North Carolina, Fifth Year, Female
High School Counselor, North Carolina, Eighth Year, Female
The Personal Costs of Being an Antiracist School Counselor
Discussion
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER 11. Sustaining Antiracism in the Counseling Profession
Immediate Steps to Becoming an Antiracist Counselor
Step 1: Know the Definition of Racism and Racist
Step 2: Accept That Racism Exists and Place Antiracism in One’s Organization or School’s Vision, Mission, and Core Values
Step 3: Identify Racist Practices in One’s Counseling Program and/or Training
Step 4: Understand That Antiracism Is Intersectional
Step 5: Support Antiracist Groups and Organizations
Sustaining Antiracism Through Counseling Research
Sustaining Antiracism Through Counselor Training Policies
Conclusion
References
APPENDIX A. Self-Interrogation of Identities and Locating of Positionalities
Individual
Home, Family, and Neighborhood
School and Community
APPENDIX B. Antiracist Syllabus Review Protocol
PART 1 • Description
PART 2 • Antiracist Content
PART 3 • Antiracist Language
INDEX
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
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In April 1991, AMCD approved Sue et al.’s (1982) rationale for a multicultural and/ or cross-cultural perspective in counseling. AMCD proposed 31 multicultural counseling competencies and strongly encouraged ACA (then known as the American Association of Counseling and Development) to adopt the competencies in accreditation criteria. The competencies were approved and became a standard for counseling training and practice (Sue, Arredondo, and McDavis, 1982).
Mary Smith Arnold, PhD
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