Читать книгу A Practical Approach to Special Care in Dentistry - Группа авторов - Страница 218

 Occasionally, oral findings can represent an initial manifestation of undiagnosed diabetes

 Periodontal disease is the most common oral finding (Figure 5.1.2 ). Its pathogenesis involves vascular changes (microangiopathy), neutrophil dysfunction and collagen metabolism deficiencies. The presence of periodontitis impedes glycaemic control and contributes to the onset of other extraoral complications

 Susceptibility to bacterial (including odontogenic abscesses) and fungal infections (such as oral candidiasis and mucormycosis in the sinuses)

 Xerostomia, which can favour the onset of caries (Figure 5.1.3). Chronic bilateral and asymptomatic inflammation of the parotid glands (sialosis) can develop as a compensatory mechanism

 Burning mouth syndrome (probably related to peripheral neuropathy)

 Circumoral paraesthesia (associated with peripheral neuropathy)

 Glossitis, loss of the filiform papillae and dysgeusiaFigure 5.1.3 Xerostomia – depapillated, smooth dry dorsum of the tongue.

 High prevalence of oral lichen planus

 Mucosal lichenoid reactions and facial flushing (secondary effects of antidiabetic drugs)

 Delayed tooth eruption