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Оглавление1 Chapter 1.1Figure 1.1.1 Complete series of intraoral photographs.Figure 1.1.2 Complete periodontal charting.Figure 1.1.3 Complete series of intraoral radiographs.Figure 1.1.4 Pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.Figure 1.1.5 Nabers probe (Hu‐Friedy, IL, USA).Figure 1.1.6 Mucogingival anatomy.Figure 1.1.7 Resolution of pathologic migration after successful periodontal...Figure 1.1.8 Cemental tear on tooth #24 resulting in localized alveolar bone...
2 Chapter 1.2Figure 1.2.1 Preoperative presentation (frontal view).Figure 1.2.2 Preoperative frontal view of maxillary anteriors.Figure 1.2.3 Preoperative frontal view of mandibular anteriors.Figure 1.2.4 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 1.2.5 Bitewing radiographs depicting the interproximal bone levels.
3 Chapter 1.3Figure 1.3.1 Frontal view.Figure 1.3.2 Characteristic histopathology of lichen planus demonstrates par...
4 Chapter 1.4Figure 1.4.1 Initial presentation of a patient with phenytoin‐induced gingiv...Figure 1.4.2 Initial presentation of a patient with phenytoin‐induced gingi...Figure 1.4.3 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 1.4.4 Periapical radiographs depicting the interproximal bone levels....
5 Chapter 1.5Figure 1.5.1 Preoperative frontal view.Figure 1.5.2 Preoperative maxillary dentition.Figure 1.5.3 Preoperative mandibular dentition.Figure 1.5.4 Preoperative left occlusal view.Figure 1.5.5 Preoperative right occlusal.Figure 1.5.6 Probing pocket depth measurements during phase 1 reevaluation....Figure 1.5.7 Intraoral clinical photographs depicting deeper probing depth ...Figure 1.5.8 Periapical radiographs demonstrating the intrabony defects surr...Figure 1.5.9 Classical intrabony defect affecting a mandibular first molar i...
6 Chapter 1.6Figure 1.6.1 Clinical presentation of the case at initial visit.Figure 1.6.2 Periodontal chart at initial visit.Figure 1.6.3 Full‐mouth periapical radiographs of the case at initial visit....Figure 1.6.4 Clinical presentation of the case three months after therapy....Figure 1.6.5 Periodontal chart three months after therapy.Figure 1.6.6 Clinical presentation of the case one year after therapy.Figure 1.6.7 Periodontal chart one year after periodontal therapy.
7 Chapter 1.7Figure 1.7.1 Clinical presentation of tooth #19.Figure 1.7.2 Radiographic presentation of tooth #19.Figure 1.7.3 Periodontal probing depth measurements during initial visit.Figure 1.7.4 Cervical enamel projection (CEP) on buccal of tooth #19 (left);...Figure 1.7.5 Interproximal open contact between teeth #13 and #14 (indicated...Figure 1.7.6 Close root proximity between teeth #18 and #19.Figure 1.7.7 Cervical enamel projection (indicated by the red arrow).Figure 1.7.8 Enamel pearl (indicated by the red arrow).Figure 1.7.9 Mesial and distal root concavities of maxillary first premolar....Figure 1.7.10 The size of the Cavitron tip is too big to enter the furcated ...Figure 1.7.11 The root divergence of #19 is more prominent than that of #17....Figure 1.7.12 Long root trunk length (left) and short root trunk at #19 (rig...Figure 1.7.13 Palato‐gingival groove present on tooth #10 as indicated by th...Figure 1.7.14 Overhangs on the mesial and distal of tooth #30 that may event...Figure 1.7.15 Furcation arrow (red arrow) is showing furcal involvement on t...
8 Chapter 1.8Figure 1.8.1 Clinical examination.Figure 1.8.2 Full‐mouth radiographs.Figure 1.8.3 Periodontal charting: (A) maxilla; (B) mandible.Figure 1.8.4 Follow‐up periodontal charting six weeks post treatment: (A) ma...Figure 1.8.5 Follow‐up views six weeks post treatment.
9 Chapter 1.9Figure 1.9.1 Intraoral images at the initial consultation.Figure 1.9.2 Periodontal chart during initial evaluation.Figure 1.9.3 Panoramic radiograph taken during initial evaluation.Figure 1.9.4 Full‐mouth series taken a year prior to initial evaluation.Figure 1.9.5 Panoramic radiograph taken six years previously.Figure 1.9.6 Cross‐sections of severe disuse atrophy (Siebert Class III defe...Figure 1.9.7 Comparison of cross‐sections from CBCT and periapical radiograp...Figure 1.9.8 Comparison of cross‐sections from CBCT and periapical radiograp...Figure 1.9.9 Comparison of cross‐sections from CBCT and periapical radiograp...Figure 1.9.10 Vertical fracture of tooth #13. This vertical root fracture is...
10 Chapter 2.1Figure 2.1.1 Frontal view.Figure 2.1.2 Buccal view, mandibular anterior.Figure 2.1.3 Lingual view, mandibular anterior.Figure 2.1.4 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 2.1.5 Bite‐wing radiographs.Figure 2.1.6 Frontal view.Figure 2.1.7 Buccal view, mandibular anterior.Figure 2.1.8 Lingual view, mandibular anterior.Figure 2.1.9 (A, B) Sickle scalers; (C) universal curettes; (D, E) Gracey cu...
11 Chapter 2.2Figure 2.2.1 Preoperative view of maxillary anterior teeth and a 15‐mm perio...Figure 2.2.2 Preoperative periapical radiograph of tooth #8 demonstrating lo...Figure 2.2.3 Preoperative view of maxillary posterior teeth and a 15‐mm peri...Figure 2.2.4 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 2.2.5 Application of local delivery Atridox on a 5‐mm pocket mesial o...Figure 2.2.6 Application of local delivery Atridox on a 4‐mm pocket distal o...Figure 2.2.7 A six‐week postoperative image of maxillary anterior teeth demo...Figure 2.2.8 A six‐week postoperative image of maxillary posterior teeth dem...Figure 2.2.9 Placement of Actisite.Figure 2.2.10 Placement of Atridox.Figure 2.2.11 Placement of Arestin.Figure 2.2.12 Placement of Elyzol.
12 Chapter 2.3Figure 2.3.1 Clinical presentation of the case at initial visit.Figure 2.3.2 Periodontal chart, initial visit.Figure 2.3.3 Full‐mouth periapical radiographs of the case at initial visit....Figure 2.3.4 Clinical presentation of the case three months post therapy....Figure 2.3.5 Periodontal chart, three months after therapy.Figure 2.3.6 Clinical presentation of the case one year post therapy.Figure 2.3.7 Periodontal chart, one year after periodontal therapy.
13 Chapter 2.4Figure 2.4.1 Appearance at initial presentation.Figure 2.4.2 Periodontal charting, radiographs, and photographs of the mandi...Figure 2.4.3 Preoperative microbial testing.Figure 2.4.4 Scaling and polishing in all four quadrants.Figure 2.4.5 Periodontal charting and photographs of the mandibular left sex...
14 Chapter 3.1Figure 3.1.1 Clinical presentation after removal of orthodontic appliances: ...Figure 3.1.2 Clinical example of plaque‐induced gingivitis with gingival enl...Figure 3.1.3 Clinical presentation two months after removal of orthodontic a...Figure 3.1.4 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 3.1.5 Periapical radiographs depicting interproximal bone levels.Figure 3.1.6 External bevel gingivectomy in anterior maxillary region: gingi...Figure 3.1.7 External bevel gingivectomy in anterior mandibular region: imme...Figure 3.1.8 Two weeks post gingivectomy: full smile frontal and side views....Figure 3.1.9 Clinical example of external bevel gingivectomy for phenytoin‐i...Figure 3.1.10 Clinical example of gingivectomy for restorative and esthetic ...Figure 3.1.11 Clinical example of an inverse bevel distal wedge: palatal pre...
15 Chapter 3.2Figure 3.2.1 Preoperative condition with the temporary fixed partial denture...Figure 3.2.2 Preoperative condition with the temporary fixed partial denture...Figure 3.2.3 Preoperative condition without the temporary fixed partial dent...Figure 3.2.4 Preoperative condition without the temporary fixed partial dent...Figure 3.2.5 Periodontal charting.Figure 3.2.6 Periapical radiographs of the mandibular anterior sextant. Inco...Figure 3.2.7 Periapical radiographs after endodontic therapy.Figure 3.2.8 Preoperative facial view.Figure 3.2.9 Preoperative facial view after the temporary fixed partial dent...Figure 3.2.10 Submarginal incisions.Figure 3.2.11 Gingivectomy.Figure 3.2.12 A full‐thickness flap is elevated and cortical bone is exposed...Figure 3.2.13 Ostectomy and osteoplasty allow a greater exposure of sound to...Figure 3.2.14 The embrasure between #21 and #22 is narrow.Figure 3.2.15 Odontoplasty of the distal surface of #22 is performed to open...Figure 3.2.16 The flaps are apically positioned and stabilized with vertical...Figure 3.2.17 The temporary FPD is cemented back.Figure 3.2.18 Periapical radiographs after cementation of the final cast pos...Figure 3.2.19 Final cast post and core.Figure 3.2.20 Permanent FPD.Figure 3.2.21 The attachment apparatus of a human tooth.Figure 3.2.22 (A) Initial situation: inadequate prosthetic margin, lack of p...Figure 3.2.23 (A) Preoperative situation: inadequate prosthetic margin, lack...
16 Chapter 3.3Figure 3.3.1 Intraoral photos of both maxillary and mandibular teeth in occl...Figure 3.3.2 Probing pocket depth measurements (following phase 1 therapy)....Figure 3.3.3 Preoperative radiographic evaluation (periapical and bitewings ...Figure 3.3.4 (A) Exposed alveolar bone and teeth demonstrating negative arch...Figure 3.3.5 (A) Exposed alveolar bone demonstrating sharp irregular peaks. ...Figure 3.3.6 (A–L) Intraoral surgical photos.Figure 3.3.7 Vertical bitewings following six months of healing.
17 Chapter 3.4Figure 3.4.1 Periodontal charting.Figure 3.4.2 Intraoral initial visit. (A) frontal view; (B) maxillary view; ...Figure 3.4.3 Complete‐mouth series radiographs.Figure 3.4.4 Radiographs of #14 DB before (left) and after (right) root rese...Figure 3.4.5 Root resection #14 DB.
18 Chapter 4.1Figure 4.1.1 Periodontal charting.Figure 4.1.2 (A) Full‐thickness flap raised showing furcation involvement; (...Figure 4.1.3 Mandibular class III furcation involvement showing a probe ente...
19 Chapter 4.2Figure 4.2.1 Intraoral photo of both maxillary and mandibular teeth in occlu...Figure 4.2.2 Probing pocket depth measurements (following phase 1 therapy)....Figure 4.2.3 Radiographic evaluation (periapicals of the mandibular anterior...Figure 4.2.4 (A) Vertical defect evident with granulation tissue fill. (B) S...Figure 4.2.5 (A–J) Intraoral surgical photos.Figure 4.2.6 Periapical radiographs: (A) initial; (B) following six months o...
20 Chapter 4.3Figure 4.3.1 (A) Initial evaluation. (B) Tooth #7 presents with root fractur...Figure 4.3.2 Initial probing depths and periodontal measurements (mm).Figure 4.3.3 Periapical radiography revealed root fracture with bone loss.Figure 4.3.4 (A) Intraoperative radiograph reveals removal of all root fragm...Figure 4.3.5 Immediate postoperative view of extraction socket grafted with ...Figure 4.3.6 Cone beam CT scan five months postoperatively is used to determ...Figure 4.3.7 Implant after second‐stage surgery. Note the tissue height pres...Figure 4.3.8 Definitive crown delivered to the patient. Note the improved gi...
21 Chapter 4.4Figure 4.4.1 Preoperative presentation.Figure 4.4.2 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 4.4.3 Periapical radiograph depicting the fractured root and the inte...Figure 4.4.4 Surgical procedure.
22 Chapter 4.5Figure 4.5.1 (A) Intraoral photo of both maxillary and mandibular teeth in o...Figure 4.5.2 Probing pocket depth measurements (following phase 1 therapy)....Figure 4.5.3 Radiographic evaluation: periapical of the maxillary left poste...Figure 4.5.4 CT scans displaying horizontal ridge deficiency in #12 region....Figure 4.5.5 (A) Horizontal defect evident with soft tissue fill. (B) Cresta...Figure 4.5.6 (A–J) Intraoral surgical photos.Figure 4.5.7 Radiograph on the day of the procedure.
23 Chapter 5.1Figure 5.1.1 Preoperative picture. Source: courtesy of David S. Greenfield, ...Figure 5.1.2 Six‐week postoperative picture. Source: courtesy of David S. Gr...Figure 5.1.3 Incision design for lateral pedicle flap. Source: courtesy of D...Figure 5.1.4 Rotation of pedicle flap. Source: courtesy of David S. Greenfie...Figure 5.1.5 Flap sutured to recipient site. Source: courtesy of David S. Gr...Figure 5.1.6 Connective tissue harvested from palate. Source: courtesy of Ka...Figure 5.1.7 Allograft placed in extraction socket and connective tissue ro...Figure 5.1.8 Connective tissue sutured in place while maintaining connectio...
24 Chapter 5.2Figure 5.2.1 Preoperative clinical presentation.Figure 5.2.2 Probing pocket depth/recession measurements during initial visi...Figure 5.2.3 Zucchelli technique.Figure 5.2.4 (A) Initial incisions; (B) reflection; (C) de‐epithelialization...Figure 5.2.5 Root planing.Figure 5.2.6 Application of EDTA solution.Figure 5.2.7 (A) Harvesting of the graft; (B) trimming of the graft.Figure 5.2.8 (A) Suturing of the connective tissue graft; (B) suturing of fl...Figure 5.2.9 (A) Suture removal at two weeks; (B) eight weeks post surgery....Figure 5.2.10 (A, B) Inadequate attached gingiva with recession.Figure 5.2.11 (A, B) Treatment with subepithelial connective tissue graft.Figure 5.2.12 (A, B) Progressive recession.Figure 5.2.13 (A, B) Root wear/erosion/cervical abrasion.Figure 5.2.14 (A, B) Covering exposed crown margins.Figure 5.2.15 (A, B) Covering an exposed implant collar.Figure 5.2.16 (A, B) Covering lingual recession.Figure 5.2.17 (A, B) Root coverage and ridge augmentation prior to a fixed b...
25 Chapter 5.3Figure 5.3.1 Initial presentation: mandibular anterior area.Figure 5.3.2 Probing pocket depth, keratinized gingiva, and recession measur...Figure 5.3.3 Periapical radiographs depicting the interproximal bone levels....Figure 5.3.4 Preparation of the recipient site.Figure 5.3.5 Harvesting of epithelio‐connective tissue graft from the palata...Figure 5.3.6 Epithelio‐connective tissue graft sutured to the recipient bed....Figure 5.3.7 Recipient and donor sites were protected with periodontal dress...Figure 5.3.8 Postoperative follow‐up: (A) two weeks; (B) one month; (C) four...Figure 5.3.9 (A) Preoperative site demonstrating unfavorable soft tissue ana...Figure 5.3.10 (A) Implant site with deficient keratinized tissue. (B) FGG pl...Figure 5.3.11 (A, B) FGG after implant placement, but prior to implant resto...Figure 5.3.12 Epithelio‐connective tissue palatal pedicle graft performed du...Figure 5.3.13 Connective tissue used as a free graft. (A) Recession associat...Figure 5.3.14 Connective tissue used as a free graft. (A) Recession associat...Figure 5.3.15 Root coverage with FGG. (A) Recession and mucogingival involve...Figure 5.3.16 Long‐term stability (over 15 years) of FGG #22–27. Note buccal...
26 Chapter 5.4Figure 5.4.1 Preoperative presentation.Figure 5.4.2 Probing pocket depths and recession measurements.Figure 5.4.3 Bitewing radiographs.Figure 5.4.4 Periapical radiographs of area of teeth #6–11.Figure 5.4.5 Initial incisions and tunneling procedure.Figure 5.4.6 Tunneling procedure complete and full release of the buccal fla...Figure 5.4.7 Passive placement of buccal flap.Figure 5.4.8 Contouring ADM try‐in on area of teeth #6–11 and being inserted...Figure 5.4.9 Subpapillary continuous sling suturing method completed.Figure 5.4.10 One‐week follow‐up visit, frontal view.Figure 5.4.11 One‐week follow‐up visit, right and left side views.Figure 5.4.12 Six‐week follow‐up visit, frontal view.Figure 5.4.13 Six‐week follow‐up visit, right and left side views.Figure 5.4.14 Four‐month follow‐up visit.
27 Chapter 5.5Figure 5.5.1 Preoperative presentation: (A) buccal view; (B) occlusal view....Figure 5.5.2 Probing pocket depth measurements during initial visit.Figure 5.5.3 Maxillary labial frenectomy. (A) Preoperative presentation. (B)...Figure 5.5.4 Mandibular lingual frenectomy: (A) preoperative presentation; (...Figure 5.5.5 Mandibular lingual frenectomy using carbon dioxide laser surger...Figure 5.5.6 Vestibuloplasty clinical photos taken (A) preoperatively; (B) d...
28 Chapter 5.6Figure 5.6.1 Clinical presentation.Figure 5.6.2 Periodontal chart.Figure 5.6.3 Periapical radiographs.Figure 5.6.4 Vertical vestibular incision to provide access.Figure 5.6.5 Use of specific instruments designed for the VISTA procedure.Figure 5.6.6 Preparing and adapting the soft tissue alternative (ADM).Figure 5.6.7 Subpapillary suturing technique.Figure 5.6.8 Presentation at four weeks post surgery.Figure 5.6.9 Presentation at 12 weeks post surgery.
29 Chapter 6.1Figure 6.1.1 Initial picture of the bridge.Figure 6.1.2 Periapical radiographs: (A) teeth #2–5; (B) tooth #2; (C) tooth...Figure 6.1.3 Complete mouth series of radiographs taken a year following the...Figure 6.1.4 Periodontal chart illustrating the full‐mouth probing depth mea...Figure 6.1.5 Initial picture of the maxillary right bridge of teeth #2–4.Figure 6.1.6 Periapical radiograph depicting the gutta percha in the distal ...Figure 6.1.7 Periapical radiograph of the right‐side molar region depicting ...Figure 6.1.8 Periapical radiograph of tooth #2.Figure 6.1.9 Periapical radiograph of the right‐side molar region following ...Figure 6.1.10 Bitewing radiograph of the right‐side molar region one year af...Figure 6.1.11 Chronologic six‐year sequence showing no apparent radiographi...Figure 6.1.12 Tooth #2 with a 10‐mm pocket in the distal with a gutta perch...Figure 6.1.13 Clinical picture with gutta percha point.Figure 6.1.14 No soft tissue inflammation.Figure 6.1.15 Abrasion.Figure 6.1.16 Thermal injury: large uninsulated metallic restoration.Figure 6.1.17 Chemical irritation.Figure 6.1.18 Bacterial effect: caries. Source: courtesy of Dr. Victor Ratk...Figure 6.1.19 Bruxism (parafunctional habit).Figure 6.1.20 Apical foramen communication.Figure 6.1.21 Lateral accessory canal. Source: courtesy of Dr. Victor Ratkus...Figure 6.1.22 Dentinal tubules containing bacterial organisms. Source: cour...Figure 6.1.23 Furcation involvement lateral canal. Source: courtesy of Dr. ...Figure 6.1.24 (A–C) Cracked teeth (roots) and vertical fracture.Figure 6.1.25 Draining sinus tract.
30 Chapter 6.2Figure 6.2.1 Preoperative right view of centric occlusion.Figure 6.2.2 Preoperative photo of articulated diagnostic casts.Figure 6.2.3 Preoperative frontal view of centric occlusion.Figure 6.2.4 Preoperative occlusal view of maxilla.Figure 6.2.5 Preoperative occlusal view of mandible.Figure 6.2.6 Initial periodontal probing measurements.Figure 6.2.7 Preoperative full‐mouth series radiographs.Figure 6.2.8 Occlusal view of maxillary teeth on removal of crowns. Note sho...Figure 6.2.9 Maxillary teeth immediately following crown lengthening.Figure 6.2.10 Clinical view of gold dome coping at time of solder relation....Figure 6.2.11 Right view of metal frameworks showing tooth #31 shortened and...Figure 6.2.12 Left view of metal frameworks showing gold dome coping on toot...Figure 6.2.13 Facial postoperative view.Figure 6.2.14 Right postoperative view.Figure 6.2.15 Left postoperative view.
31 Chapter 6.3Figure 6.3.1 Maxillary occlusal view.Figure 6.3.2 Mandibular occlusal view.Figure 6.3.3 Intraoral frontal view.Figure 6.3.4 Intraoral right buccal view.Figure 6.3.5 Intraoral left buccal view.Figure 6.3.6 Panoramic radiograph.Figure 6.3.7 Lateral cephalogram.Figure 6.3.8 Start of orthodontic treatment.Figure 6.3.9 Four weeks later.Figure 6.3.10 Canine exposure.Figure 6.3.11 Gold chains attached to exposed canines.Figure 6.3.12 Gold chains ligated to the maxillary archwires.Figure 6.3.13 Periodontal pack placed over the exposure.Figure 6.3.14 One‐week follow‐up.Figure 6.3.15 Two‐week follow‐up.Figure 6.3.16 Both maxillary and mandibular arches are bonded.Figure 6.3.17 Retraction of palatally displaced canines and occlusal view of...Figure 6.3.18 Periapical radiographs showing a displaced right maxillary can...Figure 6.3.19 A three‐dimensional reconstructed image of the patient’s teeth...Figure 6.3.20 CBCT images of a patient with impacted maxillary anterior teet...Figure 6.3.21 CBCT image showing impacted maxillary central incisors with po...
32 Chapter 6.4Figure 6.4.1 Initial examination: (A) extraoral images; (B) panoramic radiog...Figure 6.4.2 Intraoral photographs.Figure 6.4.3 Intraoral photographs: tunneling and bone grafting procedure.Figure 6.4.4 (Top left) Preoperative radiograph. (Top right) Postoperative r...Figure 6.4.5 After orthodontic treatment.
33 Chapter 6.5Figure 6.5.1 Pretreatment periodontal charting.Figure 6.5.2 Pretreatment full‐mouth radiographs.Figure 6.5.3 (A, B) Maxillary and mandibular occlusal views.
34 Chapter 6.6Figure 6.6.1 (A) Occlusal radiograph of maxilla. (B) Periapical radiograph....Figure 6.6.2 Periapical radiograph after splinting.Figure 6.6.3 Periapical radiograph after root canal therapy.Figure 6.6.4 Periapical radiograph.Figure 6.6.5 (A) Extraction; (B) bone graft; (C) suturing.Figure 6.6.6 Temporary prostheses.Figure 6.6.7 Postoperative view at one week.Figure 6.6.8 Temporary prosthesis.Figure 6.6.9 Five‐month postoperative radiograph.Figure 6.6.10 Five‐month postoperative view.Figure 6.6.11 Fourteen‐month postoperative view.
35 Chapter 7.1Figure 7.1.1 Facial view of the maxilla and the mandible.Figure 7.1.2 Occlusal view of the maxilla.Figure 7.1.3 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 7.1.4 Radiographic evaluation: the periapical radiograph of the maxil...Figure 7.1.5 Cone beam CT scan of the maxillary right sinus. The Schneideria...Figure 7.1.6 Preoperative condition, buccal view.Figure 7.1.7 The lateral window is outlined with a piezotome.Figure 7.1.8 The Schneiderian membrane is elevated. A resorbable collagen me...Figure 7.1.9 The bone grafting material is placed into the sinus between the...Figure 7.1.10 A collagen membrane is placed over the lateral window.Figure 7.1.11 The flap is repositioned and sutured to achieve primary closur...Figure 7.1.12 Panoramic radiograph the day of the procedure.
36 Chapter 7.2Figure 7.2.1 Facial view of the maxilla and the mandible.Figure 7.2.2 Occlusal view of the maxilla.Figure 7.2.3 Probing pocket depth measurements of the maxillary left quadran...Figure 7.2.4 Cone beam CT scan of the maxillary right sinus. The Schneideria...Figure 7.2.5 Full‐thickness palatal flap raised on #14 and #15 site.Figure 7.2.6 Pointed trephine to mark the osteotomy site.Figure 7.2.7 After the removal of bone core using ASBE trephine.Figure 7.2.8 Mushroom elevator is used to identify and lift sinus membrane....Figure 7.2.9 Mushroom elevator is used to pull out sinus floor (bone).Figure 7.2.10 Bone graft (FDBA) placed.Figure 7.2.11 Use of spreader to condense bone laterally as well as mesiodis...Figure 7.2.12 After use of spreader.Figure 7.2.13 Two 5 × 10 mm MegaGen EZ Plus implants placed with good initia...Figure 7.2.14 Healing abutment of 6 mm diameter and 3 mm height is used.Figure 7.2.15 Papillary rotation flap used to close around healing abutment....Figure 7.2.16 Panoramic radiograph after implant and sinus lift.Figure 7.2.17 CT scan on the day of the procedure.Figure 7.2.18 Healing of #14 and #15 implants with simultaneous sinus lift a...Figure 7.2.19 Removal of healing abutment from implants #14 and #15.Figure 7.2.20 Digital pantograph of implants #14 and #15. Note satisfactory ...Figure 7.2.21 Full‐contour wax‐up to verify that technician will cut back to...Figure 7.2.22 Crestal window technique is easier if initial bone height is l...
37 Chapter 7.3Figure 7.3.1 Preoperative frontal view of fractured tooth #11.Figure 7.3.2 Preoperative occlusal view of tooth #11 fractured at the level ...Figure 7.3.3 Probing pocket depth measurements during initial examination.Figure 7.3.4 Preoperative periapical radiograph of fractured tooth #11.Figure 7.3.5 With minimal flap reflection, tooth #11 was extracted. Socket (...
38 Chapter 7.4Figure 7.4.1 Preoperative clinical presentation of maxillary right quadrant:...Figure 7.4.2 Probing pocket depth measurements during initial visit.Figure 7.4.3 Preoperative radiographs: (A) panoramic radiograph; (B) periapi...Figure 7.4.4 Preoperative CT scan of maxillary right quadrant: (A) panoramic...Figure 7.4.5 Ridge split at sites #3, #4, and #5: (A) residual native bone p...Figure 7.4.6 Postoperative CT scan of maxillary right quadrant: (A) panorami...Figure 7.4.7 Ridge augmented site and implant placement: (A) pre‐augmented a...Figures 7.4.8 Preoperative view.Figure 7.4.9 Preoperative radiograph.Figure 7.4.10 Incision design.Figure 7.4.11 The full‐thickness flap reflection with the surgical guide in ...Figure 7.4.12 (A, B) The sequential osteotome expansion.Figure 7.4.13 Steps followed after osteotome expansion was completed: (A) im...Figure 7.4.14 Postoperative radiograph.Figure 7.4.15 Healing response six months postoperatively.Figure 7.4.16 Implant exposure and healing abutment by means of an apically ...Figure 7.4.17 Placement of a full ceramic esthetic abutment on implant #9 an...Figure 7.4.18 Final delivery of permanent restorations and completion of the...
39 Chapter 8.1Figure 8.1.1 Preoperative frontal view.Figure 8.1.2 Missing mandibular first molar area.Figure 8.1.3 Tooth #19 was extracted due to large distal caries.Figure 8.1.4 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 8.1.5 Occlusal view of the maxillary arch.Figure 8.1.6 Occlusal view of the mandibular arch.Figure 8.1.7 Normal molar occlusal relationship.Figure 8.1.8 Bitewing radiographs depicting the interproximal bone levels.Figure 8.1.9 CT images reveal sufficient bone available for implant placemen...Figure 8.1.10 A surgical template was used to guide angulations of drills.Figure 8.1.11 A wide‐diameter implant was placed in the molar region.Figure 8.1.12 Implant placed in the molar area with appropriate angulation a...Figure 8.1.13 A short healing abutment placed and sutured for primary closur...Figure 8.1.14 A straight prefabricated final abutment was used for restorati...Figure 8.1.15 Final implant‐supported PFM was delivered.Figure 8.1.16 Postoperative periapical radiograph.
40 Chapter 8.2Figure 8.2.1 Preoperative presentation: tooth #8 is discolored.Figure 8.2.2 A periapical radiograph of the maxillary anteriors.Figure 8.2.3 Preoperative view of tooth #8.Figure 8.2.4 View following the extraction.Figure 8.2.5 The surgical guide.Figure 8.2.6 Implant placed.Figure 8.2.7 Postoperative radiograph.Figure 8.2.8 Preoperative and postoperative view of tooth #8.
41 Chapter 8.3Figure 8.3.1 Initial clinical and radiographic presentation: fracture of too...Figure 8.3.2 Periodontal charting at the initial consult.Figure 8.3.3 Preoperative view prior to extraction.Figure 8.3.4 After extraction, note preservation of buccal plate.Figure 8.3.5 Pointed trephine to mark implant location precisely.Figure 8.3.6 ASBE trephine to go 1 mm below estimated sinus floor.Figure 8.3.7 Slow speed is used with ASBE trephine.Figure 8.3.8 After ASBE trephine.Figure 8.3.9 Bone core removed.Figure 8.3.10 Flat diamond bur to expose sinus membrane.Figure 8.3.11 Sinus membrane exposed.Figure 8.3.12 Series of mushroom elevators used to detach and elevate sinus ...Figure 8.3.13 Mushroom elevators are also used to make crestal window larger...Figure 8.3.14 Cobra instrument is used to further elevate the sinus membrane...Figure 8.3.15 Movement of sinus membrane is verified to check if membrane pe...Figure 8.3.16 FDBA is introduced to sinus window as well as to socket.Figure 8.3.17 Implant, MegaGen Rescue 6.5 × 10 mm is placed slowly.Figure 8.3.18 An 8‐03 healing abutment is placed to seal the socket and reta...Figure 8.3.19 A 4‐0 gut suture is used to further tighten and seal the socke...Figure 8.3.20 Postoperative CT scan showing bone graft intact under the Schn...Figure 8.3.21 Palatal flap is opened even with a super‐wide diameter healing...Figure 8.3.22 Semilunar coronally positioned flap used to close the palatal ...
42 Chapter 8.4Figure 8.4.1 Preoperative presentation (frontal view).Figure 8.4.2 High smile line.Figure 8.4.3 Preoperative presentation (occlusal view).Figure 8.4.4 Initial radiograph.Figure 8.4.5 Digital implant planning after import of all files into plannin...Figure 8.4.6 Stereolithographic surgical template in place (occlusal view)....Figure 8.4.7 Implant placement in an ideal prosthetically driven position wi...Figure 8.4.8 Postoperative clinical situation (occlusal view).Figure 8.4.9 Fixed provisionalization with provisional implant‐supported sc...Figure 8.4.10 Provisional implant‐supported screw‐retained single crowns aft...Figure 8.4.11 Scan bodies prior to intraoral digital impression.Figure 8.4.12 (A, B) STL file from intraoral digital impression.Figure 8.4.13 CAD design of final crowns after superimposition of the three ...Figure 8.4.14 Definitive crowns delivery (frontal view).Figure 8.4.15 Radiograph.Figure 8.4.16 Smile.Figure 8.4.17 Clinical outcome after one year.
43 Chapter 8.5Figure 8.5.1 Initial pre‐orthodontics presentation.Figure 8.5.2 Final teeth position presentation prior to orthodontics debondi...Figure 8.5.3 Probing pocket depth measurements during the initial preoperati...Figure 8.5.4 Initial panoramic radiograph (post orthodontics).Figure 8.5.5 Implant placement with simultaneous bone grafting for tooth #7....Figure 8.5.6 (A, B) After three‐month healing period of implant placement at...Figure 8.5.7 Veneer preparations for teeth #6, #8, #9 and #11. A PVS key is ...Figure 8.5.8 Final impression of veneer‐prepared teeth #6, #8, #9, and #11 ...Figure 8.5.9 Porcelain veneers and implant restorations on the master cast....Figure 8.5.10 (A, B) Postoperative frontal and occlusal views.Figure 8.5.11 Preoperative (A) and postoperative (B) comparison of smile.
44 Chapter 9.1Figure 9.1.1 Initial presentation on examination.Figure 9.1.2 One year following plaque control instruction and scaling and r...Figure 9.1.3 Probing pocket depth measurements.Figure 9.1.4 (A–C) Periapical preoperative radiographs depicting the interpr...Figure 9.1.5 (A, B) Periapical postoperative radiographs depicting the inter...Figure 9.1.6 A variety of methods for plaque removal by the patient: (A) Bas...
