Читать книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 256

Although both of these are an accepted part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), the level of recommendation for testing these areas is ‘Consider’ for patients in all categories. Based on a review of vision screening studies, direct evidence of vision screening in asymptomatic older adults in primary care settings found no effect in improving visual acuity or other clinical outcomes.¹⁹ The USPSTF concluded that evidence is insufficient to determine whether screening older adults for visual impairment improves functional outcomes. However, due to improved treatment of various chronic eye diseases, the National Eye Institute, the American Optometric Association, and the American Academy of Ophthalmology recommend routine comprehensive eye examinations in asymptomatic patients performed by optometrists or ophthalmologists every one to two years.

Likewise, although there is evidence that decreased hearing is common and associated with negative outcomes, there is a lack of EBM that screening will improve outcomes.²⁰ However, the use of hearing aids or surgical intervention has a positive effect on quality of life. The ACOVE authors suggest an annual hearing screening by either questionnaire or hand‐held audiometry.