Читать книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 273

Screening with low‐dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality by about 20% compared to standard chest X‐ray among current or former (quit within 15 years) heavy smokers.³⁵ The ACS recommends annual screening for lung cancer with LDCT in adults 55 to 74 years of age who are current or former heavy smokers (at least 30 pack‐years) and in relatively good health who have received evidence‐based smoking‐cessation counselling (if they are current smokers) and have undergone a process of informed/shared decision‐making that included a description of the potential benefits, limitations, and harms associated with lung cancer screening. The NCCN recommendation is the same, except the age to stop is 77; and the USPSTF recommends screening annually from age 55 to 80.^42,43 The ACS emphasizes the LDCT is not an alternative to smoking cessation, and smoking cessation should be a priority and emphasized at each patient encounter. All three organizations state that screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery.^35,42,43