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Plastic and Microplastic in the Environment
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Страница 1
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Страница 7
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1 Sources, Occurrence, and Analysis of Microplastics in Freshwater Environments: A Review
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Sources of Microplastic
1.2.1 Primary Sources 1.2.1.1 Microplastics from Personal Care Products
1.2.1.2 Microplastics from Plastic Resins
1.2.2 Secondary Sources 1.2.2.1 Microplastics from Degradation of Plastic Debris
1.2.2.2 Microplastics from Textile and Domestic Washing
1.3 Pathways of Microplastics into Freshwater Environments
1.4 Microplastic Analytical Methods in Freshwater
1.4.1 Sampling of Microplastic 1.4.1.1 Water Samples
1.4.1.2 Sediment Samples
1.4.2 Sample Preparation 1.4.2.1 Extraction of Microplastics
1.4.2.2 Removal of Organic Debris
1.4.3 Identification of Microplastic 1.4.3.1 Visual Sorting
1.4.3.2 Identification of Microplastics by Chemical Composition
Pyrolysis‐GC/MS
Infrared Spectroscopy
1.5 Occurrence of Microplastic in Freshwater Environments
1.5.1 Microplastic in Lakes
1.5.2 Microplastic in Rivers
1.6 Conclusions and Recommendations
Acknowledgments
References
2 Microplastics in Freshwater Environments – With Special Focus on the Indian Scenario
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Nature and Production of Microplastics
2.3 Global Ecological Impacts of Plastic Pollution
2.4 Socio‐Economic Impacts of Plastic Pollution
2.5 Freshwater Plastic Pollution
2.5.1 Sources of Freshwater Microplastics
2.5.2 Studies on Freshwater Plastic Pollution from around the World
2.5.3 The Problem of Freshwater Microplastics in Developing Countries
2.5.4 Status of India's Freshwater Plastic Problem
2.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
3 Microplastic Contamination in the Marine Food Web: Its Impact on Human Health
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Microplastic in the Marine Food Web
3.1.2 Toxic Impacts on Primary Producers
3.1.3 Toxic Impacts on Consumers
3.1.4 Associated Risk
3.2 Human Health Implication
3.3 Conclusion and Future Perspective
Acknowledgements
References
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