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Chapter 1

3-D	Three-dimensional, 10
BNP	Brain Natriuretic Peptide, 9
CAD	Coronary Artery Disease, 2
CHF	Congestive Heart Failure, 3
CRP	C-reactive Protein, 8
HF	Heart Failure, 3
HRV	Heart Rate Variability, 24
IoT	Internet of Things, 11
LS-SVM	Least Squares SVM, 24
LV	Left Ventricular, 23
SVM	Support Vector Machine, 18

Chapter 2

ACS	Acute Coronary Syndrome, 8
AI	Artificial Intelligence, 18 bp Blood Pressure, 12
CAC	Coronary Artery Calcium, 21
CCA	Common Carotid Artery, 19
CHF	Congestive Heart Failure, 20
CNN	Convolutional Neural Network, 20
CQ-NSGT	Constant-Q Non-Stationary Gabor Transform, 20
CT	Computed Tomography, 19
CVDs	Cardiovascular Diseases, 19
DNN	Deep Neural Network, 20
DOE	Dyspnea on Exertion, 10
ECG	Electrocardiogram, 5
ELM	Extreme Learning Machines, 20
FCN	Fully Convolutional Network, 20
GERD	Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, 9
HDL	High-density Lipoprotein, 12
ICA	Internal Carotid Artery, 19
IMT	Intima-Media Thickness, 19
LDL	Low-density Lipoprotein, 12
LI	Lumen-intima, 19
LII	Lumen-Intima Interface, 20
MA	Media Adventitia, 19
MAI	Media-Adventitia Interface, 20
MLP	Multilayer Perceptron, 21
MPI	Myocardial Perfusion Imaging, 22
NSR	Normal Sinus Rhythm, 20
PND	Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea, 11

Chapter 3

BNP	Brain Natriuretic Peptide, 5
CRP	C-Reactive Protein, 3
CSGMs	Comb Structured Gold Microelectrode Arrays, 28
cTnI	Cardiac Troponin I, 5
CV	Cyclic Voltammetry, 28
CVDs	Cardiovascular Diseases, 1
DPV	Differential Pulse Voltammetry, 28
EIS	Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, 28
ELISA	Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 29
ENPs	Enzyme Nanoparticles, 29
GDF	Growth Differentiation Factor, 7
GK	Glycerol Kinase, 29
GO	Graphene Oxide, 28
GPO	Glycerol-3- Phosphate Oxidase, 29
HDL	High-density Lipoprotein, 8
hour-FABP	Heart Fatty Acid-Binding Protein, 7
IL-6	Interleukin-6, 7
LDL	Low-density Lipoprotein, 8
LOD	Limit of Detection, 10
LSPR	Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance, 12
miRNAs	Micro RNAs, 6
MPO	Myeloperoxidase, 6
NPs	Nanoparticles, 29
NSE	Neuron-specific Enolase, 6
PCT	Procalcitonin, 5
PEC	Photoelectrochemical, 28
PG	Pencil Graphite, 29
QDs	Quantum Dots, 28
SEM	Scanning Electron Microscopy, 28
SERS	Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, 12
SPEs	Screen-Printed Electrodes, 28
SPGEs	Screen-Printed Gold Electrodes, 28
SPR	Surface Plasmon Resonance, 12
SPRi	Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging, 12
sST2	Soluble Suppressor of Tumorgenicity 2, 8
TG	Triglycerides, 9
TNF-α,	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, 7

Chapter 4

AC	Alternative Current, 9
BSN	Body Sensor Network, 2 CE Counter Electrode, 5
CMT	Coupled-Mode Theory, 12
EDAS	European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company, 10
EM	Electromagnetic Interference, 11
EMF	Electromagnetic Field, 9
HPF	High-Pass Filter, 17
IoT	Internet of Things, 2
LPF	Low Pass Filter, 17
MEMS	Micro-Electromechanical Systems, 4
MPT	Microwave Power Transmission, 8
RE	Reference Electrode, 5
RF	Radio Frequency, 3
SHM	Structural Health Supervising, 2
SoC	System on a Chip, 5
VSWR	Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, 24
WBAN	Wireless Body Area Network, 2
WE	Working Electrode, 5

Chapter 5

BCG	Ballistocardiography, 13
BLUE	Bedside Lung Ultrasound, 10
BNP	B-type Natriuretic Peptide, 14
C.A.USE	Cardiac Arrest Ultrasound Exam, 10
CHF	Chronic Heart Failure, 2
DNN	Deep Neural Network, 12
ECG	Electrocardiography, 3
EVLW	Extravascular Lung Water, 8
FALLS	Fluid Administration Limited by Lung Sonography, 10
GPS	Global Positioning System, 6
HF	Heart failure, 2
ICD	Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator, 12
LuCUS	Lung and Cardiac Ultrasound, 10
LUS	Lung Ultrasound, 8
LV	Left Ventricular, 7
MEMS	Microelectromechanical System, 6
MFCCs	Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients, 12
NT-proBNP	Amino-terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide, 14
PA	Pulmonary Arterial, 7
PCG	Phonocardiogram, 12
PPG	Photoplethysmogram, 14
RCTs	Randomized Control Trials, 15
ReDS	Remote Dielectric Sensing Technology, 5
RPM	Remote Patient Monitoring, 15
RV	Right Ventricular, 7
SCG	Seismocardiography, 12

Chapter 6

ACM	All-cause Mortality, 8
AI	Artificial Intelligence, 3, 8
ANN	Artificial Neural Networks, 3,12
AUC	Area Under the Curve, 9
CAD	Coronary Artery Disease, 8
CCTA	Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography, 8
CMR	Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, 12
CNN	Convolutional Neural Networks, 12
DL	Deep learning, 12
ECG	Electrocardiogram, 9
FDA	Food and Drug Administration, 17
FFR	Fractional Flow Reserve, 9
FRS	Framingham Risk Score, 8
GAN	Generative Adversarial Networks, 11
GAN	Generative Adversarial Networks, 3
HFpEF	Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction, 10
HMM	Hidden Markov Model, 15
LASSO	Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, 3
LV	Left Ventricle, 9
LVEF	Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, 12
MDI	Modified Duke Index, 8
MFR	Myocardial Flow Reserve, 9
ML	Machine Learning, 3
MPI	Myocardial Perfusion Imaging, 15
MPS	Myocardial Perfusion Scan, 9
NER	Names Entity Recognition, 15
NLP	Natural Language Processing, 15
POS	Part of Speech, 15
PSA	Parsing or Syntactic Analysis, 15
RNN	Recurrent Neural Networks, 12
SIS	Segment Involvement Score, 8
SSS	Segment Stenosis Score, 8
STE	Speckle-tracking Echocardiography, 11
SVMs	Support Vector Machines, 8
TPD	Total Perfusion Deficit, 15
TTE	Transthoracic Echocardiogram, 12

Chapter 7

DT	Decision Tree, 2
K-NN	K-Nearest Neighbor, 5
LDA	Linear Discriminant Analysis, 2
MAFIA	Maximal Frequent Itemset Algorithm, 4
NB	Naïve Bayes, 2
NN	Neural Networks, 4
RF	Random Forest, 2
SVM	Support Vector Machine, 2

Chapter 8

AUPRC	Area Under Precision Recall curve, 10
AUROC	Area Under ROC Curve, 10
BNP	Brain Natriuretic Peptide, 4
CNN	Convolutional Neural Networks, 7
DAE	Denoising Autoencoder, 7
DBNs	Deep Belief Networks, 7
DT	Decision Tree, 7
ECG	Electrocardiogram, 3
EHR	Electronic Health Records, 5
EMB	Endomyocardial Biopsy, 7
ESC	European Society of Cardiology, 4
GBM	Gradient-boosted Model, 11
GRU RNNs	Gated Recurrent Unit Recurrent Neural Networks, 9
GWTG-HF	Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure, 11
HF	Heart Failure, 2
KNNs	K-nearest Neighbors, 7
LAD	Left Atrial Dimension, 10
LR	Logistic Regression, 11
LSTM	Long Short-Term Memory, 7
MAGGIC	Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic, 11
ML	Machine Learning, 2
ReLU	Rectified Linear Unit, 8
RETAIN	REverse Time AttentIoN Model, 9
RF	Random Forest, 8
RNN	recurrent Neural Networks, 7
ROI	Regions of Interests, 8
RPM	Remote Patient Monitoring, 5
SVM	Support Vector Machine, 7
TAN	Tree-augmented Naive Bayesian, 11

Chapter 9

AF	Atrial Fibrillation, 9
AFL	Atrial Flutter, 10
AUC	Area Under the Roc Curve, 8
BN	Bayes Network, 31
CART	Classification and Regression Trees, 15
CFS	Correlation-based Feature Selection, 31
CMR	Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, 6
CNN	Convolutional Neural Network, 9
CTCA	Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography, 6
DL	Deep Learning, 8
DNN	Deep Neural Network, 9
DUNs	Deep Unified Networks, 20
ECG	Electrocardiogram, 6
EF	Ejection Fraction, 5
EFFECT	Enhanced Feedback for Effective Cardiac Treatment, 10
EHR	Electronic Health Record, 8
ELM	Extreme Learning Machine, 10
ESC	European Society of Cardiology, 6
GDS	Generalized Discriminant Analysis, 16
GLM	Generalized Linear Model, 23
HF	Heart Failure, 1
HFmrEF	HF with Mid-range or Mildly Reduced EF, 5
HFpEF	Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction, 5
HFrEF	Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction, 5
HRV	Heart Rate Variability, 9
K-NN	K-nearest Neighbor, 8
LGE	Late Gadolinium Enhancement, 6
LMT	Logistic Model Trees, 31
LR	Logistic Regression, 8
LS-SVM	Least Square SVM, 9
LSTM	Long Short-term Memory, 9
MAGGIC	Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic, 24
ML	Machine Learning, 7
MLP	Multilayer Perceptron, 8
NB	Naïve Bayes, 34
NLP	Natural Language Processing, 16
NN	Neural Network, 8
NRD	Nationwide Readmissions Database, 21
NYHA	New York Heart Association, 5
RBF	Radial Basis Function, 18
RDW	Red Blood Cell Distribution Width, 26
RF	Random Forest, 9
RNN	Recurrent Neural Network, 8
ROT	Rotation Forest, 16
RS	Rough Set, 8
RSA	Random Search Algorithm, 10
SAE	Sparse Auto-encoder, 9
SGD	Stochastic Gradient Descent, 9
SVM	Support Vector Machines, 8

Chapter 10

AI	Artificial Intelligence, 1 bp Blood Pressure, 11
CAD	Coronary Artery Disease, 15
CT	Computed Tomography, 15
CVDs	Cardiovascular Diseases, 1
DL	Deep Learning, 12
ECG	Electrocardiogram, 1
EIS	Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, 4
IoT	The Internet of Things, 11
MRI	Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2,13
RI	Refractive Index, 6

Chapter 11

BMI	Body Mass Index, 9
CHF	Chronic Heart Failures, 2
CIHM	Chronicle Implantable Hemodynamic Monitor, 19
CRT	Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, 19
HCG	Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, 21
IASD	Inter Atrial Shunt Device, 22
LA	Left Atrial, 17
LAP	Left Atrial Pressure, 18
MCT	Mobile Cardiac Telemetry, 6
NYHA	New York Heart Association, 19
PA	Pulmonary Artery, 17
PAM	Patient Advisory Module, 20
RV	Right Ventricle, 17

Chapter 12

AI	Artificial Intelligence, 3
ANN	Artificial Neural Networks, 4
AUC	Area Under Curve, 6
CNN	Convolutional Neural Network, 4
CRT	Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, 6
DL	Deep Learning, 3
DNN	Deep Neural Network, 5
ECG	Electrocardiographic, 5
HF	Heart Failure, 1
k-NN	k-Nearest Neighbors, 5
LVAD	Left Ventricular Assist Device, 7
ML	Machine Learning, 3
PPGs	Photoplethysmograms, 8
RF	Random Forest, 4
RNN	Recurrent Neural Network, 5
RV	Right Ventricular, 2
RVF	Right-ventricular Failure, 7
RVFRS	Right Ventricular Failure Risk Score, 7
SVM	Support Vector Machine, 4

Chapter 13

ABP	Arterial Blood Pressure, 4
AF	Atrial Fibrillation, 11
CAD	Coronary Artery Diseases, 19
CardioMEMS	Cardio-Microelectromechanical system, 3
CRT	Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, 18
CRT-D	Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Defibrillator, 4
CVDs	Cardiovascular Diseases, 3
ECG	Electrocardiogram, 2
FDA	Food and Drug Administration, 13
HF	Heart Failure, 1
hour	Heart Rate, 13
ICDs	Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillators, 5
LAP	Left Atrial Pressure, 5
LVAD	Left Ventricular Assist Device, 18
MI	Myocardial Infarction, 14
NSTEMI	Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction, 18
NYHA	New York Heart Association, 10
OHRM	Optical Heart Rate Monitor, 9
PAP	Pulmonary Artery Pressure, 3
PD	Photodiode, 9
PPG	Photoplethysmogram, 4
RR	Respiration Rate, 13
STEMI	ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction, 18
SVM	Support Vector Machine, 18
VF	Ventricular Fibrillation, 11