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Boud et al. (1985)

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These authors posit reflection as moving through three key stages:

 returning to experience

 attending to feelingsutilising positive feelingsremoving obstructing feelings

  re‐evaluating experiencere‐examining experience in the light of the learner’s intentassociating new knowledge with that which is already possessedintegrating this new knowledge into the learner’s conceptual frameworkappropriation of this knowledge into the learner’s repertoire of behaviour

Appropriation is akin to gaining insight; that the practitioner has changed through the reflective process, that when faced with a similar situation, they will respond differently. This differs from Boyd and Fales’s approach in that the practitioner makes a choice whether to respond differently in light of learning. Boyd and Fales (1983, p. 112) write: ‘The need to test one’s self‐changes [insights] against the mirror of others is an essential component of all growth’. These words emphasise that all individual learning must be set within its context.

Becoming a Reflective Practitioner

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