Читать книгу Sustainable Solutions for Environmental Pollution, Volume 2 - Группа авторов - Страница 31

Ceratophyllaceae (coontails or hornworts) and Callitrichaceae (waterstarwort) are submerged plants typical of lentic systems, and they develop easily in ponds as well as in surface-flow CWs. They are slightly attached on the bottom and develop in the water column until the surface. Their photosynthetic rate decreases when the flow velocities increase (Madsen and Søndergaard, 1983). Their seasonal growth is the result of the balance between the energy from photosynthesis and the energy needed to maintain the plants (Best and Visser, 1987).