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This formula incorporates fluid deficit (dehydration), ongoing losses, and maintenance fluid needs. It should be used only after intravascular volume deficits (hypovolemic shock) have been corrected.

Rate of deficit correction is generally over 12–36 hours depending on patient stability, chronicity of dehydration, and tolerance for IV fluids.

Maintenance needs are generally 2–3 ml/kg/hour for dogs and 1–2 ml/kg/hour for cats.