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Technologies are used to analyze, process, and extract the useful insights available in complex raw data sets. The major technologies of big data are storage and analytics technologies. The most accepted big data tools are Apache Hadoop, Oracle NoSQL, etc. The technologies of big data are classified into operational and analytical.

Operational big data: This data is generated on a daily basis. Ticket booking, social media, online shopping, etc., are examples of operational big data.

Analytical big data: This data is nothing but analyzing the operational big data for real-time decisions. Examples of analytical big data are the medical field and weather forecast.

The technologies and tools used in big data are classified on basis of following steps [11]:

 • Gathering of big data

 • Processing the big data

 • Storing the big data

 • Analyzing the big data

 • Visualizing the big data

Table 3.2 gives the detailed description about various big data technologies used in the process of creating a value from the raw data.

The Hadoop contains tools that are used to gather, preprocess, and investigate the huge volume of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. Hadoop is an open source, highly scalable, fault-tolerant, and cost-effective tool for faster big data processing.