Читать книгу Interventional Cardiology - Группа авторов - Страница 49

Francesco Meucci, Miroslava Stolcova, Flavia Caniato, Mohammad Sarraf, Alessio Mattesini, and Carlo Di Mario

While we are often preoccupied with the coronary and cardiac complications of catheterization and intervention, it is femoral access complications that occur more frequently, and which are certainly more recognized and remembered by patients. The incidence of local vascular complications that are considered major, as defined by the need for prolonged hospitalization, transfusion, or vascular surgery, ranges between 1% and 1.5% in diagnostic catheterization procedures, and typically between 3% and 5% in interventional procedures. More recently, refinements in techniques and antithrombotic regimes have reduced femoral vascular complications in interventional procedures to 2–3%, but they still remain frequent adverse events [1–3]. Risk factors for vascular complications include advanced age, female gender, low body surface area (BSA), aggressive antithrombin or antiplatelet agent use (e.g. GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors), emergent procedures, vascular disease, vessel size, sheath size, and puncture location [1,4]. The subjects of femoral access and management of femoral puncture after sheath removal are of vital importance in cardiac catheterizations and interventions, especially in patients with high risk of complications.