Читать книгу A Companion to American Agricultural History - Группа авторов - Страница 15

Tobacco is not strictly a member of the Eastern Agricultural Complex because no species in the genus Nicotiana is native to this region. I mention it here, however, because tobacco was cultivated along with the native crops centuries before maize became important. Native Americans grew tobacco (Nicotiana rustica and possibly N. quadrivalvis) in eastern North America no later than 2000 years ago. Smoking pipes date to centuries earlier, but native wild plants may have been smoked before tobacco was acquired (Wagner 2000). Tobacco seeds have been recovered from three sites in Illinois dating between 100 BCE and 400 CE (Asch and Asch 1985; Simon and Parker 2006), and residues on a possibly earlier pipe from Ohio tested positively for nicotine (Rafferty 2002).