Читать книгу The Nucleon Spin as Cause of the Strong Interaction - Helmut Albert - Страница 3

With the present paper, a counterposition to the interaction theory, Quantum chromodynamics is presented. For this purpose, the state of research on the theory of the strong interaction and the ideas and developments which have been important since the thirties of the 20th century are clarified.

In the first part of the treatise it is conveyed what is to be understood physically by the term "Interaction". The example of the electrostatic interaction of an ion crystal shows how interaction and particle structure are related and cannot be seen independently of each other. Also the first atomic models of the 20th century were based on the idea of the electrostatic interaction of electrically charged atomic components. It was postulated that the electrically opposite charges of the atomic building blocks balance each other out or, depending on the number of particles, cause a positively or negatively charged atom.

In the further course, the discovery of the charge-free neutron in 1932 is regarded as a decisive caesura. An atomic nucleus based on electrically charged atomic building blocks was thus called into question. A non-electric interaction had to be found. Hediki Yukawa presented a first theory in 1935. A similar theory based on exchange particles, the Quantum chromodynamics was developed only in the 70's analogous to the theory of "Quantum electrodynamics". This theory based on "color charges" is until today the recognized theory of particle physics.

With closer view, the Quantum chromodynamics one recognizes the adventurous hypotheses of this theory, so that it is not difficult to take a counterposition. In the second part this theory is shown. The basis of this counter theory is the rotational energy and rotational direction of the nucleons. According to this theory they are the key to the understanding of the strong interaction of the atom. The paper partly includes contents of earlier works. Finally, the latest results of investigations on atomic nuclei are shown and put in relation to the "new" theory.

For the sake of simplicity, the term particle physics (Elementary particle physics) is also used in this paper to refer to nuclear physics. The term atomic nucleus is used as a designation for the particle system of protons and neutrons, but it does not mean that the author also assumes an atomic shell.

This work is a translation of the German edition "Der Nukleonenspin als Ursache der starken Wechselwirkung". In the text, the sources are reproduced in their original language. The English translations can be found in the Bibliography.