Читать книгу Liquid Crystals - Iam-Choon Khoo - Страница 45

Dielectric constants and refractive indices, as well as electrical conductivities of liquid crystals, are physical parameters that characterize the electronic responses of liquid crystals to externally applied fields (electric, magnetic, or optical). Because of the molecular and energy level structures of nematic molecules, these responses are highly dependent on the direction and the frequencies of the field. Accordingly, we shall classify our studies of dielectric permittivity and other electro‐optical parameters into two distinctive frequency regimes: (1) dc and low frequency and (2) optical frequency. Where the transition from the regime (1) to (2) occurs, of course, is governed by the dielectric relaxation processes and the dynamical time constant; typically, the Debye relaxation frequencies in nematics are on the order of 10¹⁰ Hz.